稻

The influence of long-term application of fertilizers and tillage under conditions of 12-year rice-based cropping system on soil nitrogen fertility was studied on Taihu region of the south Jiangsu Province. The results showed that total N content in the soil layer of 0～5 cm reached 2.89% in the long-term fallowed soil. The treatment of fallow in combination with plowing every crop season reduced total N content to 2%, occupying 70%of the M value.

通过十二年的耕作和施肥长期定位试验研究表明，苏南太湖稻麦轮作地区，长期休闲的农田0～5cm土层最高含氮量可达2.89%，休闲田结合每季耕翻，全氮含量下降，只及最高含氮量的70%，保持在2%左右。

Opti mumscheme of controlling sheath blight and false smut of rice was studied.

探求防治水稻纹枯病和稻曲病的最佳方案。

The main advances of causal organism, infection cycle, and control strategy of rice false smut during recent years were reviewed here and the key aspects of further studies on this disease were proposed in this article.

文章主要综述了国内外近些年来在稻曲病病原、侵染循环和防治等方面的主要研究进展，并对进一步研究该病害的重点方面提出了建议。

PAL, POD and PPO activities of 12 cultivars with different resistant levels to rice false smut were studied.

本研究选用12个不同抗、感病水稻品种，在抽穗前7~10 d，用注射法接种稻曲病菌分生孢子悬浮液。

The morphology and the eco-physiological properties of the compact panicle type rice were outlined, mainly analyzing the effects of this plant on field microclimate, production and transportation of dry matter, yield components, occurrence of rice false smut and rice quality, and grain-filling characters.

分析了密穗型品种的形态学特征及其生理生态特性，从群体小气候环境、物质的生产和分配、产量结构、稻曲病的发生及稻米品质和灌浆特性等方面进行了讨论。

Comprehensive consideration suggested that jiarun 15 ml/hm^2,15% xiugu can effectively control sheath blight and false strut of rice, and commodity features of rice was improved, can substictute difenconazole.

结论］经综合考虑，嘉润0.3g/ml乳油15ml/hm^2、15%秀谷可湿性粉剂40g/hm^2可有效防治水稻纹枯病和稻曲病，有利于提高稻谷的商品性能，可替代30%爱苗乳油。

Based on above classification, resistant scale of the rice cultivars against false smut asthe field evaluation may be divided into 6 scales, viz. 0: 0.00～0.09disease grains ofthe average each panicle; 1: 0.01～0.30; 3:0.31～0.40; 5: 0.41～0.50;7:0.51～1.10; 9:＞1.10.

以以上分类为依据，将水稻抗稻曲病的田间抗性相应地划分为6级：0级：平均每穗病粒数为0.00～0.09；1级：平均每穗病粒数0.10～0.30；3级：平均每穗病粒数0.31～0.40；5级：平均每穗病粒数0.41-0.5；7级：平均每穗病粒数0.51～1.10；9级：平均每穗病粒数＞1.10。

False smut is a worldwide rice disease caused by Ustilaginodea virens Tak.

稻曲病是世界性水稻真菌病害，致病菌属于子囊菌纲球壳菌目麦角菌科绿核菌属Ustilaginodea virens

The most convenient and effective method among the three methods of isolatingUstilaginodea virens was the vibrating method. XBZ medium was the best method toget chlamydospores through screening for the six media. Based on chlamydosporesthrough vibrating cultured in PS liquid on shaking bed at 130r/min under 26℃darkconditions for 7 days, conidia were largely obtained. Occurrence information of rice false smut on paddy at Hengnan in 2006 wasinvestigated.

稻曲病病原菌用3种方法分离，结果比较得出振落法最方便有效；通过对6种培养基的比较筛选，结果表明胁本哲氏培养基能快速的产生大量的厚垣孢子；把厚垣孢子放在PS培养液于水平摇床上26℃黑暗条件下130r／min振荡培养，能在7d产生大量分生孢子。

ConclusionComprehensive consideration suggested that jiarun15ml/hm2、15%xiugu caneffectively control sheath blight and false smut of rice,and commodity features of rice was improved,can substictute difenconazole.

结论经综合考虑，嘉润0.3g/ml乳油15ml/hm2、15%秀谷可湿性粉剂40g/hm2可有效防治水稻纹枯病和稻曲病，有利于提高稻谷的商品性能，可替代30%爱苗乳油。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。