齿形

The multitooth contact problem of the crown gear coupling is analysed by using 3 D BEM. Actual measurements on a specially designed test bed are made.

本文首先应用三维弹性边界元方法对一鼓形齿联轴器的多齿接触问题进行了数值计算分析，然后在专用试验台架上作了相关实测研究。

Crown gear coupling ; mesh ; contact teeth number ; BEM ; measurement

鼓形齿联轴器；啮合；接触齿对；边界元；测试

In order to eliminate the affect in installation and make the gear equably bear the load, it is necessary to make profile modifying of gear.

为消除安装误差的影响，使轮齿受载均匀，需对齿面进行修形。

The principles of forming toroidal gear have been studied and the trajectories of the machining tools have been obtained. Then, the generating method for manufacturing of the internal toroidal gear by using the envelope method has been proposed. Further, spatial meshing profile normal theory is applied to design the profile of the proposed hobber, and the fix angles of the hobbing cutter have been confirmed.

对内超环面齿轮齿廓的形成原理进行研究，得出加工刀具的运动轨迹曲线，提出包络法加工内超环面齿轮，并采用空间啮合齿廓法线法设计刀具廓形，确定刀刃切削角度，完成基于SolidWorks的刀具体三维造型设计。

Leaf blade ovate or suborbicular, margin serrulate, crenulate, or denticulate.

叶片卵形或近圆形，边缘有细锯齿，具细圆齿，或具小齿。

If the dial indicator reads 0.14~0.3mm , it means the tooth clearance is right; You can also use a 15~20mm long and 0.5mm thick lead sheet or "∽"-shaped fuse . Put the sheet or fuse between the unengaged tooth flanks tha is between the convex surface of small bevel gear and the concave surface of the large bevel gear. Turn the gear, then the pressed thickness of the big lead sheet end suggests the normal tooth clearance of this site.

另一种方法是用长15~20毫米，厚0.5毫米的铅片或弯成"∽"形的保险丝，放入两齿轮非啮合的齿面之间（即小锥齿轮的凸面和大锥齿轮的凹面之间），转动齿轮，则铅片在靠近大端处被挤压的厚度即为该处的法向齿侧间隙。

Leaves simple, rarely trifoliolate, opposite, sessile or shortly petiolate, no more than 5 mm; blade ovate to oblong-ovate, 11-14(-16.5)× 5.5-7(-8) cm, coriaceous, glabrous, adaxially lustrous green, abaxially pale green, main vein impressed adaxially and prominent abaxially, lateral veins 5-9(-11) pairs, slightly discernible adaxially and conspicuous abaxially, base subcordate, rarely rounded, margin glandular crenate or -serrate, apex apiculate, cusp 5-10(-15) mm.

单叶，很少具三小叶，对生，无梗或短具叶柄，顶多5毫米；叶片卵形到长圆状卵形， 11-14(-16.5)* 5.5-7(-8)厘米，革质的，无毛，正面的是有光泽的绿色，背面的淡绿色，主脉正面凹陷和突出背面，侧脉5–9(–11)对，正面稍可见，背面明显，基部近心形，很少圆形，边缘腺状圆齿或腺锯齿，先端具细尖，尖突5–10(–15)毫米。

Leaves often on upper stems or branches, glabrous; stipules deciduous, ovate, very small; petiole 1.5-12 mm; leaf blade narrowly oblong, elliptic, or oblanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 8-20 × 2.2-4.5 cm, membranous or herbaceous, lateral veins 5-8 pairs, base attenuate or narrowly cuneate, margin crenate-serrate or undulate distally, apex acuminate; cystoliths slightly conspicuous or inconspicuous.

叶通常在上面茎或分枝上，无毛；托叶脱落，卵形，很小；叶柄1.5-12毫米；叶片狭长圆形，椭圆形，或倒披针形到长圆状披针形， 8-20 * 2.2-4.5 上部的厘米，膜质或草质，侧脉5-8 对，基部渐狭或狭楔形，边缘具圆齿有锯齿或波状，先端渐尖；钟乳体稍明显或不明显。

The main products include: automotive (engine oil seal, valve oil seals, transmission oil seal, automotive car oil seals, half axle oil seals, the main gear oil seals, shock absorber oil seal), seal, no seal, poly PTFE seals, polyurethane seals, rotary shaft lip seals, O-shaped rubber seals, V-ring, combination pad-oriented ring, wear ring, car repair kits, gaskets, copper, aluminum, iron stamping parts, industrial parts, engineering machinery parts, railway parts.

主要产品有：汽车（发动机油封、气门油封、变速器油封、车轿油封、半轴油封、主齿油封、减震器油封），骨架油封，无骨架油封，聚四氟密封件，聚氨酯密封件，旋转轴唇形密封圈，O形橡胶密封圈，V形密封圈，组合垫，导向环，耐磨环，汽车大修包，密封垫片，铜、铝、铁冲压配件，工矿配件，工程机械配件，铁路配件等。

Corolla glabrous; corona appendages reduced to small teeth or ridges; leaf blade ovate-deltate, oblong-hastate, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, less than 1.5 cm wide

花冠无毛；副花冠附属物退化至小的齿或脊；叶片卵形三角形，长圆形，披针形，或线形披针形，不到1.5厘米宽 18 Cynanchum insulanum 海南杯冠藤

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。