鼻镜

Important issues about pediatric rhinosinusitis were also addressed in our studies. First, we tried to compare the results obtained by endoscopic middle meatal culture and maxillary sinus punctures in children with rhinosinusitis. Our data demonstrated that, when performed in pediatric patients (especially in children with younger age), the correlation between endoscopic middle meatal culture and maxillary sinus puncture was not as favorable as in the case of adult patients.

我们的研究也探讨了几项儿童鼻及鼻窦炎的重要课题，首先，我们比较鼻及鼻窦炎病童上颌窦穿刺与内视镜中鼻道培养的报告，结果显示，在儿童鼻及鼻窦炎的培养上，内视镜中鼻道采样与上颌窦穿刺的培养结果一致性没有在成人运用时理想，特别是在年纪小的病童。

Among the sampling methods used to investigate the pathogens responsible for rhinosinusitis, maxillary sinus puncture is considered to be the gold standard. Although endoscopic middle meatal culture seems to correlate well with the results obtained by maxillary sinus puncture, the reliability of documentation of bacteria by endoscopic culture in children with rhinosinusitis is still unknown. Finally, because studies on current bacterial resistance patterns in pediatric patients are limited, we employed maxillary sinus puncture to obtain sinus secretions for bacterial culture and analysis of antibiotic resistance in children with chronic rhinosinusitis.

关於鼻窦的培养方法，一般而言上颌窦穿刺为公认获得鼻窦细菌培养的准则，虽然证据显示在成人使用内视镜中鼻道培养的结果与上颌窦穿刺所获得的培养结果相关性很高，不过目前儿童使用内视镜中鼻道培养的可信度依然不明，因此我们的研究也比较鼻及鼻窦炎病童上颌窦穿刺与内视镜中鼻道培养的结果，以厘清在儿童使用内视镜中鼻道采样培养鼻窦致病菌的可信度。

Maxillary sinus puncture was performed on these patients both for sampling of sinus contents and irrigation of the diseased sinuses. Aspirate contents of the sinuses were collected for aerobic and anaerobic cultivation. 3 A prospective study of pediatric patients with community-acquired rhinosinusitis was conducted. Bacterial culture was performed on the specimens obtained from maxillary sinus by puncture and middle meatus by endoscopic sampling. The correlation and diagnostic usefulness of endoscopic middle meatal culture versus maxillary sinus puncture were determined.

我们搜集鼻咽癌放射线治疗后患有急性上颔窦炎的病人，以上颔窦穿刺搜集这些病患的鼻窦分泌物并冲洗其患病的鼻窦，收集到的鼻窦分泌物则送往实验室做细菌培养。3 我们执行前瞻性研究，收集患有社区感染鼻及鼻窦炎的儿童，这些病童会同时接受内视镜中鼻道培养与上颌窦穿刺培养，为了厘清儿童使用内视镜中鼻道培养的可信度，我们计算内视镜中鼻道培养与上颌窦穿刺培养结果的关联性与诊断测试。

The clinical data of 10 patients with early hearing loss in nasopharyngeal carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. The patients underwent hearing test, indirect laryngoscopy or fiberoptic pharyngorhinoscopy, CT, and neoplasm pathologic observation.

方法回顾10例以听力障碍为首发症状的鼻咽癌患者的临床资料。10例患者均经听力检测，同时进行间接鼻咽镜或纤维鼻咽镜、CT和新生物的病理学检查。

Results Nine of 10 patients had conductive deafness and 1 mixed deafness. Obvious neoplasm was observed under indirect laryngoscopy or fiberoptic pharyngorhinoscopy.

结果电测听显示传导性耳聋9例，混合性耳聋1例；鼻咽镜或纤维鼻咽镜检查发现局部有明显新生物，病理学检查证实10例患者中，鼻咽癌Ⅰ期、Ⅳ期各2例，Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期各3例。

Measure the items on before and after the two courses of treatment respectively as follows:① Syndromes Investigation: to adopt the scoring methods of symptoms and signs with the certain standard scoring table of symptoms and classifying table of signs for the patients, on the day before and after the two courses of treatment respectively ,② Signs Investigation: the mucoma visibility, swelling or hyperemia conditions, or gloyp and polypoid change in the inferior and middle nasal conchas, nasal septum, etc with a nasal endoscope on the day before and after the two courses of treatment respectively,③ Test of the lung functiaon on the previous day before and after the two courses of treatment respectively.

治疗组在治疗前、两个疗程结束后分别进行以下项目的观察：①临床症状的评定：治疗前及两个疗程结束后当天对患者鼻塞、鼻痒、流涕、喷嚏症状的程度进行评分；②体征的评定：治疗前及两个疗程结束后当天采用鼻额镜肉眼观察患者下鼻甲鼻粘膜颜色、肿胀情况，及中鼻甲是否可见，有否息肉样变等；③治疗前及两个疗程结束后即刻予以检测肺功能。

Measure the items on before and after the two courses of treatment respectively (one course for 15 days) as follows:①Syndromes Investigation: to adopt the scoring methods of symptoms and signs with the certain standard scoring table of symptoms and classifying table of signs for the patients, on the day before and after the two courses of treatment respectively,②Signs Investigation: the mucoma visibility, swelling or hyperemia conditions, or gloyp and polypoid change in the inferior and middle nasal conchas, nasal septum, etc with a nasal endoscope on the day before and after the two courses of treatment respectively,③Test of the interferon-γ、interleukine-4(IL-4) in serum of patients by the method of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay on the previous day before and after the two courses of treatment respectively.

治疗组在治疗前、两个疗程结束后分别进行以下项目的观察：①临床症状的评定：治疗前及两个疗程结束后当天对患者鼻痒、鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏症状的程度进行评分；②体征的评定：治疗前及两个疗程结束后当天采用鼻额镜肉眼观察患者下鼻甲鼻粘膜颜色、肿胀情况，及中鼻甲是否可见，有否息肉样变等；③治疗前及两个疗程结束后一天清晨空腹抽取患者肘静脉血4ml离心后，采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测患者血清IFN-γ、IL-4的含量。

Nose and nails are the same asfor one and two-colored Dachshunds.

鼻镜和趾甲与单色腊肠或双色腊肠一样。

The features of lesser importance are the eyes,nose, neck, chest and shoulders, tail, and coat.

重要程度最低的是眼睛、鼻镜、颈部、胸部、肩胛、尾巴和被毛。

Main products and services: such as: electric eyelashes Qiao; perm eyelash curler; electric eyelash device; eyelash brush, eyelash brush, mini mascara, and eyelash folding device, LED eyebrow clip, tweezers, electric shaving knife; shaving device ; electrical; shaved eyebrow knife; multifunction shaving knives, mini double-sided mirror; Lamp double-sided mirror; Lamp Mirror; LED Mirror, LED Mirror Cosmetology, liquid crystal display mirror, a grinding device; electric-US A browser; electric grinding a browser; electric hair, andú, and electrical devices go dead skin; peeled, and facial massage device, facial cleansing brush, Cleaning brush, four-in-one massage, andCosmetology Instrument , ion-intensive device,Cosmetology Instrument, Four set±microwave;±suite;×±; plastic boxes, food boxes, pruning Didesmococcus browser; go hair, and mini hair dryer; small electric hair, two-in-one hair dryer; anion hair dryer; hairdryer; hair-dryer, heating boxes environmental protection; electric boxes, beauty massager; eye nurses massage Miriam; eye protection device, eye care, eye massager; health products, mini vacuum cleaner ; car vacuum cleaner; Beatles cleaners; USB vacuum cleaner, vacuum cleaner cartoon, USB mini fan; mini fan; portable mini fans, Mobile Block; LED sensor lights, beauty products; Cosmetology utensils; makeup supplies; toiletries; Cosmetology promotional items; makeup promotional items; home supplies; daily necessities; office supplies; ads promotional items; gifts and promotional items.

主营产品及服务：如：电睫俏；电烫睫毛夹；电热睫毛器；睫毛笔，睫毛刷，迷你睫毛器，折叠式睫毛器，LED眉夹、眉钳、电动剃毛刀；剃毛器；电动修眉刀；剃眉刀；多功能剃毛刀，迷你双面镜；带灯双面镜；带灯化妆镜；LED化妆镜、LED美容镜、液晶显示镜、磨甲器；电动美甲器；电动磨甲器；电动鼻毛器、耳毛器、电动去死皮器；去皮器，脸部按摩仪，面部清洁刷，洁肤刷，四合一按摩器，九合一美容仪、离子嫩肤仪、九合一美容仪、四件套微波保鲜盒；套装保鲜盒；五件套保鲜盒；塑料盒、食品盒、毛球修剪器；去毛器、迷你电吹风；小型电吹风、二合一电吹风；负离子电吹风；电吹风；吹风筒、环保加热饭盒；电热饭盒、美容按摩器；眼护士按摩仪；眼保仪，眼保健，眼睛按摩器；健康产品，迷你吸尘器；汽车吸尘器；甲壳虫吸尘器；USB吸尘器、卡通吸尘器、USB迷你风扇；迷你小风扇；便携式小风扇、手机座；LED感应灯、美容用品；美容用具；化妆用品；化妆用具；美容促销品；化妆促销品；家庭用品；日用品；办公用品；广告促销品；礼品及促销品等。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。