鼻腔

Results:(1) Progesterone-treated models showed intact nasal mucosa, regular ciliary lining and inactive glands;(2) Untreated or normal saline treated models showed disrupted mucosa, inverted cilia and massive mucosal infiltration of neutrophils;(3) Smearing of nasal discharge revealed limited vs abundant number of neutrophils in SD models treated with progesterone vs untreated or treated with normal saline.(4) Hoechst stain: significantly fewer apoptotic cells per field were found in progesterone-treated models (1.583 ± 0.28) compared with untreated or normal saline treated models (2.85 ± 0.285 and 4.8 ± 0.715, respectively).

结果：(1)用黄体酮滴鼻液治疗的SD大鼠鼻腔黏膜上皮完整，纤毛整齐，腺体开放不多；(2)用或不用生理盐水滴鼻液治疗的SD大鼠鼻腔黏膜上皮纤毛倒伏，上皮结构散乱，上皮层大量中性粒细胞浸润；(3)鼻腔分泌物涂片示黄体酮滴鼻液治疗的SD大鼠有少许中性粒细胞，而用或不用生理盐水滴鼻液治疗的SD大鼠鼻腔分泌物含有大量中性粒细胞；(4)Hoechst染色：用黄体酮滴鼻液治疗的SD大鼠鼻腔黏膜上皮凋亡细胞数［(1.583±0.28)/视野］明显少于用或不用生理盐水滴鼻液治疗的SD大鼠［分别是(2.85±0.285)/视野和(4.8±0.715)/视野］。

objective to compare four postoperative nasal packing materials.methods total 136 patients,80 cases with chronic sinus it is and under went endoscopic sinussurgery,were randomly packed using four different hae mostasis materials.in which,paraffin gauze group was 40 cases,rapid sorbalgon group 27 cases,merocel group 36 cases and gel knit group 31 cases.the packing materials wereemoved after left for 24 hours to 48 hours.the efficacy of nasal packing materials was asassessed interm of the levels of nasal pain or headache in the leaving period and nasal bleeding after removal of nasal packing.results the in cidence rate of nasal pain or headache respectively was 82.5% in paraffin gauze group,44.4% in merocel,11.1% in sorbalgon and 3.2% in gel knit.the significant statistical difference was observedbetween the four groups (χ2=70.21,p.01).the incidence rate of nasal bleeding after removed was 85%,11.1%,41.7% and 9.7% respectively.the statistical difference was also significant (χ2=54.28,p.01).conclusions the choosing of postoperative na sal packing after functional endoscopic sinus sur gey depends on various factors,gel knit has much advantages and can be used as routine packs after fess.

摘 要］目的：比较四种鼻腔填塞材料的疗效，指导临床选择合适的术后鼻内填塞物。方法：对134例慢性鼻窦炎分别采用凡士林纱条(40例)、藻酸钙纤维(sorbalgon，27例)、膨胀海绵(merocel，36例)和瑞纳凝胶快速止血材料(gel knit，31例)四种材料填塞鼻腔，24 h～48 h取出填塞物，根据填塞后鼻腔胀痛、头痛程度，取出填塞物后鼻腔出血程度等评价疗效。结果：凡士林纱条填塞组，82.5%有鼻腔胀痛或头痛；sorbalgon藻酸钙纤维组11.1%；merocel组44.4%；gel knit组3.2%，四组比较差异非常显著(χ2=70.21，p.01)。取出填塞物后鼻腔再出血分别为85%，11.1%，41.7%和9.7%，四组比较差异非常显著(χ2=54.28，p.01)。结论：鼻内镜手术时，应综合考虑诸方面因素合理选用术后填塞物。瑞纳优势较为全面，可作为鼻内镜手术的常规填塞材料。

Objective The purpose of this study was to describe the changes of resonance characteristics of the nasal cavity, including nasal sinuses, and nasal airway resistance after endoscopic sinus surgery, through objective measurement of nasality and NAR before and after ESS.

目的 通过对慢性鼻窦炎Ⅰ型患者行内窥镜鼻窦手术(endoscopic sinus surgery， ESS)前后鼻音及鼻腔阻力检测，探讨此S后鼻腔鼻窦共鸣特性的改变及鼻腔阻力的变化特点。

Results Experimental group, 36 cases of patients cured, 32 cases of control group; the experimental group post-operative complications occurred in 2 cases, 11 cases of control group Conclusions To retain part of the uncinate process and opening up sinus surgery may be to maximize the retention of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses of the physiological function and structure of the integrity of the nasal cavity to be effective in the preservation of protective barriers to reduce the uncinate process behind the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses by the direct impact of air flow.

对照组行经典的鼻内镜手术。手术后根据主观症状及复查时鼻内镜下局部状态对疗效做综合评价。结果实验组术后治愈36例，对照组32例；实验组术后并发症发生2例，对照组11例。结论保留部分钩突的鼻窦开放术，可最大程度保留鼻腔、鼻窦的生理功能和结构的完整性，可有效地保存鼻腔的保护屏障，减少钩突后方的鼻窦受到鼻腔气流的直接冲击。

A subject was selected strictly from 30 healthy young people through nasal endoscopic examination, acoustic rhinometry measurement and CT scanning. Based on the CT image data of the subject, digital model of normal nasal cavity was reconstructed through Fluent 6.1.22 software. At the same time, according to the surgical requirements of FESS (remove the uncinate process and open the ethmoid sinus, maxillary sinus, and sphenoid sinus), post-FESS digital nasal cavity model was simulated. The viscous motion of nasal airflow before and after FESS was calculated by Navier-Stokes equations to compare the differences of airflow velocity, distribution, and pressure.

从30例健康青年人中，通过鼻内镜、鼻声反射测定仪及CT检查，严格筛选出一例研究对象，根据该入选对象的鼻腔CT影像资料，利用Fluent 6.1.22软件重建出正常鼻腔的数字模型，同时根据功能性鼻窦内镜手术的要求（切除钩突，开放筛窦、上颌窦和蝶窦）模拟出鼻内镜术后的鼻腔数字模型，再用Navier-Stokes方程对手术前后鼻腔气流的粘性运动进行数值计算，比较内镜手术前后鼻腔的气流速度、分布和压力的差异。

Common symptoms included unilateral headache and nasal obstruction,pus or bloodstain in the nasal discharge and caseous matter in the nasal cavity.

鼻窦真菌病主要临床特征是：①单侧鼻窦受累，尤其是上颌窦；②单侧头痛鼻塞、脓血涕或鼻腔干酪样物；③ct检查常见鼻腔鼻窦有软组织块影或钙化斑；④鼻腔鼻窦有阻塞因素存在。

Methods 40 cases with the disease of unilateral cavitas nasi and accessory nasal cavity were retrospectively analyzed that were comfirmed by pathology.

结果 鼻息肉16例，乳头状瘤9，鼻腔鼻窦癌7例，血管瘤3例，霉菌性鼻窦炎3例，鼻腔恶性淋巴瘤1例，鼻腔神经鞘瘤1例。

Methods Total 349 patients, 265 case with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis and 203 case underwent two partial inferior turbinectomy and 62 case underwent partial inferior and middle turbinectomy, 46 case with nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis and underwent nasal polypectomy and transnasal ethmoidectomy, 38 case with deviation of nasal septum and underwent septoplasty.

349例鼻腔术后患者（慢性肥厚性鼻炎265例，行双侧下鼻甲部分切除术的患者203例，行中下鼻甲部分切除术患者62例；鼻息肉摘除、筛窦开放术患者46例；鼻中隔矫正术患者38例）随机分为两组，A组181例采用&层叠式&方法鼻腔填塞并分次抽取，B组168例采用传统的&口袋式&方法鼻腔填塞及抽取。

They were divided into two groups at random, and differently treated with the expansion sponge and the vaseline gauze nasal packing for haemostasis. Then haemostasis efficacy and host response, such as scabbing of nasal cavity, adhesion and ulceration, were all observed. Results revealed that, 48 patients achieved successful haemostasis efficacy by the packing.

为比较膨胀海绵和凡士林油纱条鼻腔填塞控制鼻出血的效果及组织相容性，将2004-03/2005-06上海中医药大学附属曙光医院耳鼻喉科收治较严重的鼻出血患者50例患者进行随机分组，分别采用膨胀海绵或油纱条进行鼻腔填塞止血处理，观察止血效果及有无鼻腔结硬痂、粘连和溃烂等材料宿主反应。

He-Ne laser irradiation of nasal cavity and points can improve the circulation in the brain and nasal cavity,adjust central nerve system and immune function and increase the metabolism of the nasal cavity so that the nerve-vessel function in the nasal membrane was recovered.

He-Ne激光穴位和鼻腔照射治疗慢性单纯性鼻炎的机制是照射后改善脑和鼻腔血循环、调节了中枢神经系统和机体的免疫功能、增强鼻腔代谢，从而恢复了鼻粘膜的神经血管功能。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失