鼻肌

Its distal aponeurosis blends with the pars transversa of the nasalis muscle to form the superficial musculoaponeurotic system of the nose.

其远端腱膜与鼻肌横部混合形成鼻表浅肌肉腱膜系统。

Scar resection in upper lip, orbicularis oris muscle reconstruction, Z-plasty, V-Y plasty or double movable mucomuscular complex flaps for vermilion defects were applied to slight nasolabial deformities. In severe labionasal deformities, Forked flap was used at the upper lip to lengthen columella for patients who have enough upper lip tissue, while for those who have deficient upper lip tissue, the prolabium was advanced into columella for lengthening and an Abbé flap was adopted for upper lip reconstruction. Results Since 2000, we have treated 23 patients of secondary deformities of bilateral cleft lip.

对上唇及鼻畸形较轻者，采用上唇瘢痕切除，口轮匝肌重建，V-Y成形、Z成形术或双侧肌蒂红唇肌粘膜瓣向中间推进矫正红唇口哨畸形；对唇鼻畸形较严重但上唇组织较多者，采用鼻底叉形瓣延长鼻小柱进行矫治；对唇鼻畸形严重并有上唇过紧者，采用前唇组织瓣延长鼻小柱，下唇带蒂组织瓣旋转修复上唇正中缺损。

Treatment of 6 cases of traumatic cerebrospinal rhinorrhea in frontal sinus by intranasal endoscopic surgery was reported. We adopt a procedure to open and enlarge the nasofrontal duct under direct vision by intranasal endoscopic surgery firstly and find the fistula, then repair it with its own smashed muscle, and support it with muscular membrane and gelfoam,iodoform pledget.

经鼻内窥镜外科治疗外伤性额窦脑脊液鼻漏6例，利用经鼻内窥镜外科技术开放和扩大鼻额管，在直视下找到瘘口，应用自体碎肌肉覆盖瘘口，外加肌膜和明胶海棉、碘仿纱条填塞，对于单纯内窥镜下手术有困难者，结合眉弓小切口联合额窦切开进行修补。

We adopt a procedure to open and enlarge the nasofrontal duct under direct vision by intranasal endoscopic surgery firstly and find the fistula, then repair it with its own smashed muscle, and support it with muscular membrane and gelfoam,iodoform pledget.

经鼻内窥镜外科治疗外伤性额窦脑脊液鼻漏6例，利用经鼻内窥镜外科技术开放和扩大鼻额管，在直视下找到瘘口，应用自体碎肌肉覆盖瘘口，外加肌膜和明胶海棉、碘仿纱条填塞，对于单纯内窥镜下手术有困难者，结合眉弓小切口联合额窦切开进行修补。

Results Apart from100%of delineating of the four rectus muscles,optic nerve and lacrinal gland,CT was able to depict not only about50%of oblique muscle,superior ophthalmic vein,ophthalmic artery and the trochlea,but also musculotendinous ring,aterior ethˉmoidal artery,posterior ethmoidal artery,medial and lateral long posterior ciliar artery,central retinal artery,inferior ophˉthalmic vein,supraorbital nerve,lacrimal sac,nasolacimal duct etc.

结果 眼眶水平CT断层扫描除对4条直肌、视神经、泪腺100%显示外，上斜肌、眼上静脉、眼动脉、滑车的显示率在近半数。另外，肌腱环、筛前筛后动脉、内外侧睫状后长动脉、视网膜中央动脉、眼下静脉、肌支动脉、眶上神经、泪囊、鼻泪管等也可显示。

METHODS: Through vestibular and columellar approach, the major alar cartilage and nasalis were repositioned to the normal anatomical positions, the deviated septum and columella were corrected by cutting the abnormal attachment of the orbicular muscle to the anterior nasal spine.

鼻唇畸形二期修复时做鼻翼缘前庭合并鼻小柱切口，矫正大翼软骨、鼻肌、鼻小柱及鼻中隔的异常解剖位置，离断鼻中隔的异常附着，部分患者去除多余的鼻中隔组织，并将鼻中隔软骨末端可靠固定在正确的位置，与软组织逢合固定，或与前鼻棘等骨性组织缝合固定，同时矫正偏斜的鼻小柱等软组织，通过鼻部软、硬组织的矫正，恢复鼻的正常形态。

Objective: To explore the methods and effect of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in head and neck reconstruction.

目的：探讨胸大肌肌皮瓣在耳鼻咽喉头颈外科手术中的应用方法及临床效果。

The anatomic and histological examination and comparison of the musculus depressor septi nasi were performed in 33 normal cadavers and 30 patients with unilateral cleft lip undergoing the operation for secondary nasal deformities.

我们在唇裂与正常鼻肌肉组织的解剖组织学比较观察中发现，单侧完全性唇裂患侧降鼻中隔肌缺损，有助于正确理解唇裂鼻小柱和鼻中隔软骨尾缘的移位与畸形等特征性形态的形成。

In orde to probe the prevention and the therapeutic mechanism for Chinese medicine, and provide the laboratory basis for the incidence theory on chronic rhinitis. A method of using smoking with SO2, and submuscular injection with esbrogen on guinea pigs to establish chronic rbinitis model with the deficiency of lung Qi is introduced, And constrasted with the method of purly using smoking with SO2, or submuscuiar injection with estrogen. It shows the conbination of using smoking with SO2, and submuscular inj...

为了探索中医药防治慢性鼻炎的机理及为中医学对有关慢性鼻炎发病机理的认识提供实验室依据，本文在文献报道基础上，采用SO2及雌激素共同作用制作肺气虚豚鼠实验性慢性鼻炎模型，并与单纯SO2染毒或单独雌激素肌注的方法进行了对比研究，结果表明，采用SO2染毒及雌激素肌注的方法可引起鼻粘膜慢性非特异性炎症改变；动物生态属肺气虚型；且优于单纯采用SO2染毒及单纯雌激素肌注造模。

During operation, an intranasal and marginal combining incision was made to expl ore the alar cartilages and to from a mucosal-cartilage flap in the nasal vest ibule. After the deformity of septal cartilage and the abnormalities of the alar base on the cleft side were repaired, the total alar cartilage was repositioned and rotated with suspension and V-Y advancement to correct the nasal deformiti es. Results Since 1993, a total of 92 cases were treated by the above p rocedure and satisfactory results were obtained.

手术经鼻端和患侧前庭联合切口，解剖、显露双侧鼻翼软骨，同时形成患侧前庭粘膜软骨瓣；在纠正鼻中隔软骨偏曲，松解患侧鼻肌复合体起点，使鼻翼脚无张力抬高后，再通过悬吊技术和粘膜软骨瓣的V-Y推进，将患侧鼻翼软骨进行整体旋转复位；最后，应用口轮匝肌上部纤维内收抬高鼻翼脚，用鼻肌复合体起点复位调整鼻孔形态，完成鼻畸形的矫正。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。