鼻

Methods 63 patients with nosebleed were cured by using a microwave cautery under nasal endoscope.

探讨鼻内镜下微波烧灼治疗鼻出血的应用价值方法对63例鼻出血患者在鼻内镜下使用微波烧灼出血点止血。

Methods\ The size and shape of conchae, nasal meatuses and the structures of the lateral wall in middle nasal meatus were observed and measured on 67 sides of the sagittal head specimens and the distances from anterior nasal spine to other anatomic parts were also measured.

方法选用67侧正中矢状切的头部标本，观测各鼻甲、鼻道及中鼻道外侧壁结构的形态和大小，并测量前鼻棘至各解剖部位的距离。

Methods: Among these 32 patients with narrow nasal valve,10 were operated with anterior inferior turbinectomy,4 with deviation orthopedic of protruding trian gular outer cartilage (2 on the left,2 on both sides),6 with bone-widen operation of osseous pyriform aperture(2 on the left,4 on both sides).The nasal ventilation before and after operation was observed.

32例鼻瓣膜区狭窄患者，行下鼻甲前端切除术10例，鼻外侧软骨凸出矫正术4例(左侧2例、双侧2例)，骨性梨状孔狭窄扩大术6例(左侧2例、双侧4例)，观察手术前后鼻通气改善情况以判定疗效。

The ostium of frontal sinus Positions should be divided into two type by the interaction of basal lamella of bulla and cribriform roof. TypeⅠ: The ostium of frontal sinus is located in lateral sinus, flows through superiorsemilunar hiatus to middle nasal meatus. It is about 20%. TypeⅡ: The ostium of frontal sinus is located in ethmoid infundibulum, frontal recess and its cell, flows through interior semilunar hiatus to middle nasal meatus. It is about 80%. Among them there are about 62.5% in ethmoid infundibulum, about 37.5% in frontal recess.

额窦鼻口的位置可根据筛泡基板与筛顶连接的情况划分为两种类型：Ⅰ型额窦的鼻口开口于侧窦，经上半月裂流入中鼻道，约占20%；Ⅱ型开口于筛漏斗、额隐窝及其气房，经下半月裂流入中鼻道，约占80%，其中开口于筛漏斗约为62.5%；开口位于额隐窝约为37.5%。

This subject is composed by rhniology, pharynology, laryngology esophagusology and tracheaology,otology, neck-surgery, special inflammation and occupational disease of this area.

耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科学主要包括鼻科学，咽科学，喉科学气管食管学，耳科学，颈部科学，耳鼻咽喉特殊性炎症和耳鼻咽喉的职业病。

Results:The distance from the front wall of sphenoid sinus to the nasal spine was 56.5±5.9 mm for left and 54.9±7.2 mm,44.3±6.5 ,,for left and 44.0±6.5 mm for right to nasion.The average distance from middle point of sphenoid saddle bottom to nasal spine was 74.5±6.4 mm for left and 73.8±6.8 mm for right,60.9±7.2 mm and 60.2±7.8 mm to nasion.

结果：前鼻棘至蝶窦前壁的平均距离：左侧：56.5±5.9mm；右侧：54.9±7.2mm；鼻根点至蝶窦前壁的平均距离：左侧：44.3±5.6mm；右侧：44.0±6.5mm；前鼻棘至鞍底中点的平均距离：左侧：74.5±6.4mm；右侧：73.8±6.8mm；鼻根点至鞍底中点的平均距离：左侧：60.9±7.2mm；右侧：60.2±7.8mm。

The average distance from middle point of sphenoid saddle bottom to nasal spine was 74.5±6.4 mm for left and 73.8±6.8 mm for right,60.9±7.2 mm and 60.2±7.8 mm to nasion.

结果：前鼻棘至蝶窦前壁的平均距离：左侧：56.5±5.9mm；右侧：54.9±7.2mm；鼻根点至蝶窦前壁的平均距离：左侧：44.3±5.6mm；右侧：44.0±6.5mm；前鼻棘至鞍底中点的平均距离：左侧：74.5±6.4mm；右侧：73.8±6.8mm；鼻根点至鞍底中点的平均距离：左侧：60.9±7.2mm；右侧：60.2±7.8mm。

Among the sampling methods used to investigate the pathogens responsible for rhinosinusitis, maxillary sinus puncture is considered to be the gold standard. Although endoscopic middle meatal culture seems to correlate well with the results obtained by maxillary sinus puncture, the reliability of documentation of bacteria by endoscopic culture in children with rhinosinusitis is still unknown. Finally, because studies on current bacterial resistance patterns in pediatric patients are limited, we employed maxillary sinus puncture to obtain sinus secretions for bacterial culture and analysis of antibiotic resistance in children with chronic rhinosinusitis.

关於鼻窦的培养方法，一般而言上颌窦穿刺为公认获得鼻窦细菌培养的准则，虽然证据显示在成人使用内视镜中鼻道培养的结果与上颌窦穿刺所获得的培养结果相关性很高，不过目前儿童使用内视镜中鼻道培养的可信度依然不明，因此我们的研究也比较鼻及鼻窦炎病童上颌窦穿刺与内视镜中鼻道培养的结果，以厘清在儿童使用内视镜中鼻道采样培养鼻窦致病菌的可信度。

Objective:To provide detailed anatomical data of the theory and practice for endoscopic surgery in the PPF by studying the related applied anatomy of PPF through the lateral wall of the nasal cavity approach of endoscopic middle meatal transpalatine approach、middle meatal transantral approach and inferior turbinectomy transantral approach respectively.

目的：通过鼻内镜下鼻腔外侧壁中鼻道经腭骨入路、中鼻道经上颌窦入路、下鼻甲切除经上颌窦入路三种手术入路方式对翼腭窝进行相关应用解剖学研究，为临床鼻内镜下翼腭窝手术提供详实的解剖学理论和实践基础。

Objective: To observe the effect of septoplasty and partial turbinectomy on the peak flow of nose, and to evaluate the value of the peak flow of nose in the diagnosis of the nasal chronic diseases.

目的：观察鼻中隔矫正术和下鼻甲部分切除术对峰值鼻呼吸流量的影响，以确定峰值鼻呼吸流量在慢性鼻病中的诊断价值。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。