鼻

Results Chronic nasopharyngitis is mainly showed as shallow infundibuliform recess change, localized or permeable incrassation of nasopharyngeal wall, nasopharynx shape weird with complication sinusitis.Parapharyngeal space compression to slight,general not to accompany otomastoiditis. Structure is integrity of basion, mucosal line is Integrity of mucous membrane of nasopharynx at enhancement scanning.

结果 慢性鼻咽炎主要表现为咽隐窝变浅、鼻咽壁局限性增厚、鼻咽壁弥漫性增厚、局部软组织肿块、鼻咽形态怪异、伴副鼻窦炎等，咽旁间隙受压较轻，一般不伴中耳乳突炎，颅底骨质结构完整，增强扫描鼻咽粘膜线完整。

Finite element analysis for patients with unilateral cleft lip and nasal alar collapse shows that: 1, Affected side of nasal columella are the key mechanical part to rectify deformed nose, followed part is the ipsilateral nasal alar; 2, The stress concentration of the nasal septum suggests that the nasal septum rectification is very important, its rectification and fixation are perhaps the important content of deformed nose rectification .

对单侧鼻畸形患者鼻部的有限元分析表明：1、鼻小柱患侧部是畸形整复的力学关键部位，其次是患侧塌陷鼻翼；2、鼻中隔部应力的集中，提示了鼻中隔部位整复的重要性，其整复和固定可能是单侧唇裂鼻畸形整复的重要内容。

It suggested that under static status, the nasal septum, nasal columella and the lateral feet of nasal alar were the most concentrated areas of stress distribution. They are key mechanical parts of deformed nasal.3.2 Nasal displacement load analysis of patients with unilateral cleft lip and nasal alar collapse Deformed nasal displacement load three-dimensional finite element analysis showed that if the ipsilateral and contralateral nasal parts obtain similar geometry, the positions around nasal columella in ipsilateral nostril were the most stress concentrated region, next parts were the nasal septum and the lateral nasal alar.

提示静态状态下，鼻中隔、鼻小柱和两侧鼻翼外侧角是应力分布最集中部位，也是畸形鼻部的关键力学部位。3.2单侧唇裂鼻翼塌陷畸形患者的鼻部位移载荷形变后力学分析单侧唇裂鼻畸形患者的位移载荷三维有限元分析表明，畸形鼻部的患侧要获得和健侧近似的几何形态，其患侧鼻孔近鼻小柱周围应力分布最为集中，其次为鼻中隔和患侧鼻翼外方。

Important issues about pediatric rhinosinusitis were also addressed in our studies. First, we tried to compare the results obtained by endoscopic middle meatal culture and maxillary sinus punctures in children with rhinosinusitis. Our data demonstrated that, when performed in pediatric patients (especially in children with younger age), the correlation between endoscopic middle meatal culture and maxillary sinus puncture was not as favorable as in the case of adult patients.

我们的研究也探讨了几项儿童鼻及鼻窦炎的重要课题，首先，我们比较鼻及鼻窦炎病童上颌窦穿刺与内视镜中鼻道培养的报告，结果显示，在儿童鼻及鼻窦炎的培养上，内视镜中鼻道采样与上颌窦穿刺的培养结果一致性没有在成人运用时理想，特别是在年纪小的病童。

The nose contour of all patients was satisfactory. Conclusion For patients with minor imperfection, such as flat nasion, better nose contour could be achieved by increase the height of nasal bone with mini-implant.

微小假体鼻根局部隆鼻术对单纯鼻根部低平者，通过置入微小假体，提高骨性部分，尤其是鼻根部的高度，可以获得更好的鼻外形效果。

BACKGROUND: The soft tissues would shrink with nasal framework collapse following surgical trauma, which cause aseptic inflammation, lead to parts of cartilage resorption. Accordingly, long-term saddle nose deformity usually accompanied by short nasal columella.

摘要背景：外伤致鼻基本支架塌陷后，软组织也会塌陷收缩，另外外伤损伤鼻软骨会引起鼻软骨无菌性炎症从而致部分软骨吸收，所以长期的鞍鼻畸形常伴有鼻小柱过短。

Methods we developed a surgical technique to correct short nose by increase tissue volume in nasal tip ,nasal alae and the columella. The technique contain three steps:① Wide dissection and prolongation of the outer skin envelope to cover the lengthened framework by a "V" formed surgical approach from columellar base to inner edge of alae.②Silicone or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene implant is used to correct saddle nose and to length nasal framework.③A papilionaceous concha composite graft containing a elliptic ear cartilage and a onlay "V" formed skin and subcutaneous tissue is grafted to inner edge of columella and alae. Results we performed the procedure on 8 patients.

通过8例短鼻缺陷受术者采用蝶形复合耳郭组织游离移植到鼻尖鼻翼以增加鼻尖鼻翼的组织量以达到延长短鼻的目的，手术分为三个步骤：首先从鼻小柱基底到两侧鼻翼内缘做V形切口，广泛分离鼻尾端皮肤粘膜；然后，通过硅胶或ePTFE假体材料间插并缝合于两侧大翼软骨之间延长鼻尖部软骨支架；最后，将蝶形耳后复合组织块移植到切口部以增加鼻尖鼻翼部的组织量，术后观察该法延长短鼻的实际效果。

Expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in chronic rhinosinusitis and its significance The expressions of p38MAPK、Phospho-p38MAPK was detected with immunohistochemistry method in uncinate press mucosa from 20 chronic rhinosinusitis patients and middle turbinate mucosa samples from 10 submucous resection patients.

p38MAPK在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎黏膜中组织中的表达和意义的研究应用免疫组化方法检测MAPK家族成员p38（p38MAPK）及其活化（Phospho-p38MAPK）形式在20份慢性鼻-鼻窦炎钩突黏膜标本的表达，以鼻中隔偏曲的中鼻道侧中鼻甲黏膜为对照。

Results In 50 cases of fracture of nasal bone, fracture of the frontal process of maxillary bone was found in 43 cases, fracture of lacrimal bone in 29 cases and fracture of orbital walls in 24 cases. Separation of nasomaxillary suture was found in 36 cases, nasofrontal suture in 14 cases, lacrimo-maxillary suture in 18 cases and internasal suture in 9 cases.

结果 50例鼻区复合骨折中均有鼻骨骨折，伴发上颌骨额突骨折43例，泪骨骨折29例，额骨鼻部骨折16例，眶壁骨折24例；伴发鼻颌缝分离错位36例，鼻额缝分离14例，泪颌缝分离18例，鼻骨间缝分离9例，额颌缝分离10例。

We obtained the nasal deformation with three-dimensional reconstruction images and adjusted to separate the images of nasal cartilage, defined the form and structure of nasal deformation. Then we measured 10 cases of adult cadavers nasal alar, lateral and septal cartilage through modern mechanical measuring instruments, to obtain the elastic modulus of above three part structure of nasal cartilage, then to obtain more accurate nasal cartilage elastic modulus data through statistical analysis. At the same time, according to the relevant literature, we obtained nasal soft tissue biomechanical properties, mainly were elastic modulus and Poisson\'s ratio. Finally we established three-dimensional finite element analysis model of unilateral cleft lip nasal deformation, defined the model\'s constraint conditions and carried out biomechanical measurement and analysis of unilateral cleft lip nasal deformation.

将唇裂鼻畸形患者鼻部进行三维重建并调校，分离出外鼻软骨的影像，并对鼻部组织进行分层和重建，确定畸形鼻的形态和组织结构；通过现代力学测量仪器，对10例成人尸体鼻部的大翼、侧鼻和中隔软骨进行弹性模量的测量，获得上述三部分鼻部软骨结构的弹性模量数据，并通过统计学分析来获得较为准确的鼻部软骨结构的弹性模量数据，同时查阅相关文献，得到鼻部软组织的相关生物力学性质，主要为弹性模量和泊松比；建立单侧唇裂鼻畸形的畸形鼻部三维有限元分析模型，确定有限元分析的边界条件等，进行单侧唇裂鼻畸形的鼻部生物力学的测量和分析。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。