鼻

Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery is a branch of clinical medicine growing with the development of Otorhinolaryngology. The course mainly discusses the phenomenon of anatomy, physiology and disease of ear, nose, pharynx, throat, trachea, head and neck including the feeling organs of the hearing, equilibrium, and taste and the locomotory organs of breathe swallow, pronunciation and language.

耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学是由耳鼻咽喉科学逐步发展而来的临床医学二级学科，主要研究耳、鼻、咽、喉、气管、食管及头颈部与听觉、平衡、嗅觉各感觉器官以及呼吸、吞咽、发音、语言各运动器官相关的解剖、生理和疾病现象。

Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery is a branch of clinical medicine developed from Otorhinolaryngology. Its main subject is to study the phenomenon on anatomy, physiology and disease of ear, nose, pharynx, throat, trachea, head and neck including the feeling organs of the hearing, equilibrium, and taste and the locomotory organs of breathe swallow, pronounciation and language.

耳鼻咽喉－头颈外科学（Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery）是由耳鼻咽喉科学逐步发展而来的临床医学二级学科，主要研究耳、鼻、咽、喉、气管、食管及头颈部与听觉、平衡、嗅觉各感觉器官以及呼吸、吞咽、发音、语言各运动器官相关的解剖、生理和疾病现象。

Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery is a branch of clinical medicine developed from Otorhinolaryngology. Its main subject is to study the phenomenon on anatomy, physiology and disease of ear, nose, pharynx, throat, trachea, head and neck including the feeling organs of the hearing, equilibrium, and taste and the locomotory organs of breathe swallow, pronunciation and language.

耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学（Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery）是由耳鼻咽喉科学逐步发展而来的临床医学二级学科，主要研究耳、鼻、咽、喉、气管、食管及头颈部与听觉、平衡、嗅觉各感觉器官以及呼吸、吞咽、发音、语言各运动器官相关的解剖、生理和疾病现象。

Methods:①To observe important landmarks of bony of PPF、the neurovascular structure and its relations with the surrounding structures via endoscopic middle meatal transpalatine approach、middle meatal transantral approach and inferior turbinectomy transantral approach respectively in 10 fresh cadaveric heads(20 sides).

①通过对10具(20侧)成人新鲜尸头分别采用鼻内镜下中鼻道经腭骨入路、经上颌窦入路、下鼻甲切除经上颌窦入路进行解剖，观测手术径路中穿经结构以及重要血管神经的毗邻关系。

There are differences in upper lip and mentolabial sulcus. For class III malocclusion there are significant differences in lower lip and mentolabial sulcus. There are differences in subnasale . Campared with the facial soft tissue thickness of class II malocclusion , for class III malocclusion there are significant differences in lower lip. There are differences in subnasale and upper lip.

与安氏Ⅰ类错合患者相比，安氏Ⅱ类错合患者的颅面部软组织覆盖厚度在鼻底部有显著性差异，在上唇和颏唇沟有差异；安氏III类错合患者的颅面部软组织覆盖厚度在下唇和颏唇沟有显著性差异，在鼻底部有差异；安氏Ⅱ类错合患者的颅面部软组织覆盖厚度与安氏III类错合患者相比，在下唇有显著性差异，在鼻底部和上唇有差异。

Results The pathology of all 10 cases of nasal lymphomas were T cell Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Ann Arbor stage Ⅰ～Ⅱin9 and 1 in stage IV. The locations of 10 lymphomae were in the anterior portion of one of the nasal cavities, and the lymphomae extended posteriorly along the inferior and/or media nasalis concha in different extent. No bone structure destruction was found in all stage I cases and the bone of the media nasalis concha as well as the uncinate process was partially absorbed in the stage IV nHL. The skin of the external noses adjacent to the lymphoma of the whole 10 cases were swollen in various severity with disappearance of the subcutaneous fat.

结果 10例鼻腔淋巴瘤病理均为T细胞非何杰金淋巴瘤，9例为Ann arbor I～II期，1例Ann Arbor IV期。10例病变均发生于一侧鼻腔前部，沿下鼻甲向后呈不同程度蔓延。9例I期病变均无骨质破坏，相邻鼻背侧皮肤不同程度肿胀，皮下脂肪消失，1例IV期病变可见患侧中鼻甲及钩突骨质部分吸收，同侧眶内肿瘤侵犯。

They are also widest at the nasofrontal suture, narrowest at the nasofrontal angle, and tend to widen again inferior to the radix before narrowing near their inferior margin.

最宽部分在鼻额相接处，鼻额角处最窄，从鼻根重新变宽，至接近下缘处再次变窄。

They are also widest at the nasofrontal suture, narrowest at the nasofrontal angle, and tend to widen again inferior to the radix before narrowing near their inferior margin.

最宽部分在鼻额相接处，鼻额角处最窄，从鼻根开始变宽，至接近下缘处再次变窄。

The patients who underwent one-stage repair of secondary nasolabial deformity and deviation of nasal septum have good nasal morphology.

鼻唇畸形二期修复同期行鼻中隔偏曲矫正术，使患者能够获得较好的鼻外形，并得到保持。

ConclusionBiminshui nose drops can reduce the contents of histamine in nasal nucous coat of experimental rats, constrict or decline the total IgE values in blood serum and the counting of oxyphilic granular leukocytes.

结论鼻敏水滴鼻剂能降低实验性大鼠鼻黏膜组胺含量，抑制或降低其血清总 IgE 水平及嗜酸性粒细胞记数，提示鼻敏水滴鼻剂对变应性鼻炎具有治疗作用。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。