黑鼠

The rats demonstrating an average of at least 280 complete contralateral turns/ 40 min for 4 times in response to apomorphine were selected as PD ra...

结果：发现6-OHDA注入大鼠右侧中脑黑质后，大鼠向损毁对侧的旋转次数明显增加(大于280圈/40min)，PD模型成功率为50.5%。

RESULTSdiabetic rats showed typical symptoms involving elevated serum glucose and weight loss (2)The rats in DM+VaD group reacted slower and made more error numbers in Y-maze than the rats in VaD group did, with a prolonged total reacting time in a whole day.(3)More neurons with serious damages, such as edema, ischemia or pyknosis could be found in DM+VaD group than in VaD group. More disarrangement of cone neurons, obvious glia proliferation, and more neuron apoptosis were found in CA area of hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS (1)2-VO in STZ-induced diabetic rats succeeded in establishing VaD animal models.(2) The cognitive dysfunction induced by VaD rats had been deteriorated by diabetes mellitus.(3)Morphology evidences proved that diabetes mellitus aggravated brain damages induced by VaD.PART II Effect of diabetes mellitus on the cholinergic nervous systemin CA1 area of hippocampus of VaDOBJECTIVE To estimate the role of cholinergic nervous system in hippocampus during the process of cognitive dysfunction aggravated by diabetes mellitus in DM+VaD group. METHODS Observe the changes of ChAT protein by immunohistochemistry stain. Chose three rats randomly from each group at each pointat two week, four week, and eight week, then sepa

经腹腔注射链脲佐菌素诱导慢性实验性糖尿病，1周后永久性结扎双侧颈总动脉(2-VO)制作VaD模型记录术后2周、4周和8周各组大鼠的体重及血糖；应用Y-迷宫检测空间定向学第二军医大学博士论文中…丈摘…要1ia；一色恤~﹁染澎糕行HE染色观察组织病理学孪叱；胶质细胞原纤维酸性蛋白protellZ，Cf冰尸标记观察星形胶质细舱的激活情况、橄声软公点娜育票票众糯黑橄居端粗默孺篇筑价井袱第二部分糖尿病对血管性痴呆大鼠海马c心区胆碱能神经系统的影响探讨海马CAI区胆碱能神经系统在糖尿病加重确D一大鼠认知障碍中所实验动物及分组同第一部分，应用免疫组织化学染色方法现察海马CAI{介狱牛第晕军l袭拔常博粗{论义

The Mongolian gerbil,having large dark eyes and a long furry tail and often kept as a pet.

蒙古沙鼠一种蒙古沙鼠，有大而黑的眼睛及长而多毛的尾部，常被当作宠物豢养

Objective To study the morphological and functional effect of pinealectomy on CRH neurons in paraventricular nucleus of rat hypothalamus as well as thefunction of melatonin supplementation, enrich the research of the effect of pinealbody and melatonin on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,provide theoreticalevidence of the effect of pineal body and melatonin on immune function andimmune-associated disease such as tumor and autoimmune disease.

目的： 研究松果体及其褪黑素对大鼠下丘脑室旁核CRH 神经元形态和功能的影响以及补充褪黑素的作用，丰富松果体及褪黑素对下丘脑——垂体——肾上腺轴影响的形态及功能方面的研究，为进一步揭示松果体及褪黑素对免疫功能以及免疫相关性疾病如肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病等的影响机制提供理论依据。

Winter by means of radioimmunology and in situ hybridazation to probe into the modulation mechanisms of kidney responsing to the winter, and observed effects of pinealectomy. The results show that there are seasonal changes in the level of MT in the Pineal body, serum, hyperthalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and the same of the third courier---c-fos and the c-jun mRNA expressions in the hyperthalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis from the Summer to the Winter.

首次通过实验，观察了雄性SD大鼠在生理状态下松果体、血清、下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴褪黑素含量的冬夏变化，下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴第三信使（c-fos和c-jun）mRNA表达的冬夏变化以及摘除松果体对上述各项指标冬夏变化的影响，实验结果表明，松果体、血清、下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴褪黑素含量以及下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴第三信使（c-fos和c-jun）mRNA表达都存在明显的季节性变化。

Objective To establish human normal melanocytes cell line in vitro and observe the effects of Azelaic acid on the pigment production of the epidermal melanocytes and B16 cells.

目的 建立体外培养的正常人表皮黑素细胞系，检测壬二酸对人表皮黑素细胞和鼠黑素瘤B16细胞黑素合成的影响。

The apoptosis induced by extract of Russula subnigricans Hongo was investigated in little white rat liver and kidney cells by agarose gel electrophoresis.The result showed that agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA extracted from poisoned little white rat liver and kidney cellsrevealed typical 180 ~ 200bp integer-fold "ladder" bands.

亚稀褶黑菇提取液能诱导小白鼠肝肾细胞凋亡，亚稀褶黑菇提取液诱导肝肾细胞凋亡是亚稀褶黑菇中毒后机体病变死亡的重要表现形式之一 5。

Methods 20 female SD rats with russula subnigricans were ramdomly divided into 4 groups as follows, normal group, fed with normal saline, model Ⅰ group, with russula subnigricans, model Ⅱ group, with Lingzhi decoction after modeled by russula subnigricans, and fourth group, with Lingzhi decoction only for comparison.

用SD大鼠20只，随机分为4组，分别为：空白组，采用生理盐水灌胃时照；模型组Ⅰ，采用亚稀褶黑菇毒素灌胃造模；模型组Ⅱ，采用亚稀褶黑菇毒素灌胃造模后，用灵芝煎剂灌胃治疗；灵芝组，采用灵芝煎剂灌胃对照。观察大鼠的存活情况、活动情况、尿颜色、尿量、尿红细胞、尿白细胞、尿蛋白、血液生化、NAG酶以及肾脏病理检查等指标。

Then rAAV-DJ-1 was transfected into HEK-293 cells for packaging. AAV vectors encoding human DJ-1 protein were stereotactically injected into the rat SN 4 weeks prior to rotenone lesion in SN. Tyrosine hydroxylase protein was determined using immunohistochemical staining. Ethovison software allowed measurement of movement distance in 30 minutes.

并转染HEK-293细胞，进行腺相关假病毒颗粒包装，所得病毒颗粒注射到大鼠脑内感染黑质神经细胞；4周后，注射鱼藤酮于大鼠黑质相同脑区；通过免疫组织化学方法鉴定TH蛋白表达情况，采用动物行为轨迹分析软件计算大鼠30 min内运动距离。

Vernonia anthelmintica can significantly enhance the activity of tyrosinase in vitro and proliferation of B-16 murine melanoma cell.

结果驱虫斑鸠菊体外可激活酪氨酸酶活性，增强B - 16鼠黑素瘤细胞增殖，提高酪氨酸酶和黑色素合成能力；对整体动物黑素细胞具有促进合成和分泌作用。结论在白癜风的治疗中，驱虫斑鸠菊可增强酪氨酸酶活性，进而促进黑素合成

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。