黄斑

Objective To investigate the relationship between lipid deposition in the Bruch?s membrane and the retinal pigment epitheliumcells and age,and characteristics of lipid deposition in the age-related macular degeneration.

目的 验证Bruch膜及视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epithelium，RPE)脂类沉积与年龄的关系，以及老年性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration，AMD)病眼的脂类沉积特点。

Calretinin; fovea centralis; macula lutea; ora serrata; photoreceptors; rods; cones; optic tract; optic nerve; visual cortex; color vision; photoreception; opsin; rhodopsin; guanine nucleotide-binding protein; G protein-coupled receptors; ion channels (cyclic GMP-gated); guanylate cyclase; cyclic GMP; dark adaptation; visual pigments; polyenes; 11-cis-retinal; vitamin A; chromophores; arrestin; recoverin; phosducin; transducin; bipolar cells; retinal ganglion cells; retinal progenitor cells; amacrine cells; Mueller cells; light; retinogenesis; ommatidia; optic vesicles; retinitis pigmentosa; blindness; macular degeneration; blind spot; Mach bands; electroretinograms; binocular vision; visual acuity; vision; retina

光感受；视蛋白；视紫质；鸟苷酸-结合蛋白；G蛋白-电偶受体；离子通道；鸟苷酸环化酶；环鸟苷酸；暗适应；视色素；多烯；11 - cis -视网膜的；抗干眼醇；发色团；抑制蛋白；恢复蛋白；phosducin；转导蛋白；双极细胞；视网膜神经节细胞；视网膜祖细胞；无长突细胞；米勒细胞；光；retinogenesis；小眼；视泡；色素性视网膜炎；盲的；黄斑变性；盲点；马赫带；视网膜电流图；双目视觉；视敏度；视觉；视网膜

Amongst the many important functions of the RPE, it has the ability to phagocytosis and digest the rod outer segments which is shed on a daily basis. The malfunction of RPE leads to retinal diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa, Best"s disease, Stargardt"s disease,Lebers congenital amaurosis and age-related macular degeneration.

RPE能吞噬脱落的视细胞外节膜盘(rod outer segment，ROS)，这对视细胞外节的更新及维持正常视觉功能至关重要，其功能障碍会导致严重视网膜疾病和一些严重的遗传性变性眼病，如Best病，Stargardt病和Leber先天性黑矇，年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration，AMD)等。

Amongst the many important functions of the RPE, it has the ability to phagocytosis and digest the rod outer segments which is shed on a daily basis. The malfunction of RPE leads to retinal diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa, Best\'s disease, Stargardt\'s disease,Leber\'s congenital amaurosis and age-related macular degeneration.

RPE能吞噬脱落的视细胞外节膜盘(rod outer segment，ROS)，这对视细胞外节的更新及维持正常视觉功能至关重要，其功能障碍会导致严重视网膜疾病和一些严重的遗传性变性眼病，如Best病，Stargardt病和Leber先天性黑矇，年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration，AMD)等。

Objective To investigate the causation and the function of fundus angiography in the diagnosis of macular hemorrhage.

目的 分析黄斑部出血的病因及眼底血管造影在诊断中的作用。

Now my courtyard in January 2006, the cataract of gimmick small cut that undertook in January 2008 excises combination artificial crystalline lens appears to low eyesight patient has case study and be adopted after embedded operation nurse accordingly, obtain favorable result, report as follows now. 1 clinical data 1.1 average data in January 2006, the operation treated a patient in January 2008 562 (594), male 304, female 290; age 6 years old of ~89 year old, senile sex cataract 482 (504), traumatic sex cataract 26 (26), complication cataract 50 (60), congenital cataract 4 (4), light of the eyesight before art feels - 0.3, there is the person that force of backsight of art of apparent diagnostic effect restores 26 times before art, among them diabetic retinal pathological changes 10, pathological changes of senile sex yellow spot 8, glaucoma optic nerve is damaged 7 times, corneal blaze 1. Standard of 1.2 low eyesight diagnoses watch of eyesight of standard of standard application international to undertake checking according to our country low eyesight, optimal and correctional eyesight is in 3 months after art 0.05 above, but in 0.3 it is low eyesight standard below. 1.3 results 594 art hind are inchoate...

现将我院2006年1月—2008年1月进行的手法小切口白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入手术后出现低视力病人进行原因分析并采取相应护理，取得良好效果，现报告如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料2006年1月—2008年1月手术治疗病人562例(594眼)，男304眼，女290眼；年龄6岁~89岁，老年性白内障482例(504眼)，外伤性白内障26例(26眼)，并发症白内障50例(60眼)，先天性白内障4例(4眼)，术前视力光感-0.3，术前有明显诊断影响术后视力恢复者26眼，其中糖尿病视网膜病变10眼，老年性黄斑病变8眼，青光眼视神经损害7眼，角膜白斑1眼。1.2低视力标准根据我国低视力诊断标准应用国际标准视力表进行检查，术后3个月最佳矫正视力在0.05以上，但在0.3以下为低视力标准。1.3结果594眼术后早期。。。

Results In stage Ⅰ, 4/6 was found the traction of biconvex posterior vitreous detachment at fovea.

结果 Ⅰ期裂孔中有4/6可观察到黄斑前双凸型玻璃体后脱离对中心凹的牵拉。

In early stage Ⅱ,9/10 was found the traction of biconvex posterior vitreous detachment at fovea. In late stage Ⅱ, 10/14 was found the operculum, and among the opercula, 8/10 was found some evulsed retinal tissue.

期裂孔的早期中有9/10可观察到黄斑前双凸型玻璃体后脱离对中心凹的牵拉；Ⅱ期的晚期中有10/14可观察到裂孔盖膜，这些盖膜中有8/10可观察到含有部分撕脱下来的视网膜神经组织。

As the most common form of blindness, macular degeneration affects 10 percent of Americans older than 65 years.

黄斑退化是最常见的失明原因，在65岁以上的美国人中，有10%的人受这一病变的影响。

Compare to the negative control group, the Bruch membrane thickness of the huangbankang treated group is thinner.

结论黄斑康改善了血脂异常小鼠血液生化等指标，小鼠CBRC病变得到一定程度改善。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。