黄

Objective: The purpose of our studies are gaining a better insight into the effect of genistein on mesangial cell"s phenotype change and ECM expression plus degradation under DN circumstances.We add genistein with different concentrations in high glucose cultured rat mesangial cells;feed DM rats with the single concentration genistein for different days;to explore the expression of SMemb,the mark of mesangial cell"s hypertrophy phenotype change;to examine the synthesis of Fn as well as the change of the balance between MMP-2 and TIMP-l;to comprehend its effect on renal pathological changes of DM rats and some related factors;trying toexplore the possible mechanisms.Through these studies,we will have some information about the experimental value of genistein in DN field.

目的：为了研究金雀异黄素对DN环境下大鼠MC肥大表型转换标志物SMemb和ECM分泌及降解的影响，我们拟在细胞水平以不同浓度的金雀异黄素作用于高糖培养下大鼠MC，在动物水平以同一浓度的金雀异黄素作用于DM大鼠不同时间，观察细胞表型转换标志物SMemb、ECM主要成分Fn、ECM降解酶系统基质金属蛋白酶—2(MMP-2)／基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂—1(TIMP-1)表达的变化，同时观察金雀异黄素对DM大鼠肾脏病理及影响肾脏病进展的糖脂代谢紊乱的影响，并进一步探讨金雀异黄素发挥作用的可能机制；为明确金雀异黄素在DN治疗中的地位及意义提供实验依据。

The first part discusses about the effects of the five factors:temperature,relative air moisture,rate of frass sifting,density of larvae,fodder water percentage to growth speed and survival rate of older mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.) larvae through rotational composite design of quadratic regression. Two models were established to describe the effects of the five factors. The models showed that percentage of fodder water is the major factor that has effect on the growing speed of T. molitor larvae,and fodder water is the major factor on death rate. The models also show that temperature on growth speed,temperature and fodder have important effects on death rate,and the significant test showed they have significant difference on 1% or 5% level. From the two models,by frequency analysis,we can get the optimizing rearing condition,in which the mealworm larvae overweight 10% per day,temperature is 25-26 ,frass sifting rate is once 2-4 days,density of larvae is 0.61-0.79 g/cm2,fodder water is 33.27%-39.71%. And the rearing condition,in which total death rate of T.

第一部分：采用五因素二次正交旋转组合设计，以黄粉虫幼虫饲养过程中饲养温度(X_1)相对湿度(X_2)、虫粪筛除频率(X_3)、饲养密度(X_4)以及饲料含水量(X_5)五因素为参试因素，考查它们对黄粉虫高龄幼虫的生长及存活的影响，建立了以黄粉虫幼虫增重率及死亡率为目标函数的回归模型，并进行了简化： Y_增=127.5079+18.6559x_5+2.7894x_3x_4-2.3854x_3x_5-3.0594x_1~2+1.8241x_3~2-3.8559x_5~2 Y_死=1.7459+0.4108x_1+0.0975x_2+0.9025x_4+0.3442x_5+0.0834x_1~2+0.3060x_4~2-0.2623x_5~2 分析结果表明：影响黄粉虫幼虫生长后期增重及死亡的主要因素分别为饲料含水量和饲养密度；饲料含水量和温度对黄粉虫增重有着重要的影响，饲养密度、温度、饲料含水量对黄粉虫的死亡有着重要的影响，其影响均达1％或5％显著水平；黄粉虫幼虫后期日增重率大于10％的饲养条件为：温度26～27℃、筛粪频率2～4天／次、饲养密度0.61～0.79g／cm~2、饲料含水量33.27～39.71％。

Content of Chla,β-carotene and zeaxanthin of S. platensis grown in Se decreased, violaxathin, fucoxanthin, 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin and peridinin increased, Chla and Chlb of D. salina also decreased, but carotene increased, all pigments of D. zhanjiangensis increased except violaxanthin and 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin decreased. Effect of Ge on pigments of microalgaes were different in different algaes: Chla,β-carotene and zeaxanthin of S. platensis decreased, three other carotene increased, in D. salina, violaxanthin and lutein decreased, violaxathin, fucoxanthin and 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin increased, all pigments of D. zhanjiangensis increased except fucoxanthin and peridinin decreased; Chla,β-carotene and violaxanthin of Chlorella sp increased, but fucoxanthin and peridinin decreased.

暴露于硒中的钝顶螺旋藻（S.platensis）的叶绿素A、β-胡萝卜素和玉米黄素的含量都减少，岩藻黄素、19'-乙酰氧化岩藻黄素、多甲藻素和紫黄素的含量明显增加，盐生杜氏藻的叶绿素类也减少，但类胡萝卜素的含量则增加，湛江叉鞭金藻（D.zhanjiangensis）中除紫黄素和19'-乙酰氧化岩藻黄素有减少外，其它色素都增加；锗对四种微藻光合色素的影响也不尽相同，钝顶螺旋藻（S.platensis）的叶绿素A、β-胡萝卜素及玉米黄素含量减少，岩藻黄素、19'-乙酰氧化岩藻黄素和紫黄素的含量增加，盐生杜氏藻中除紫黄素和叶黄素有增加外，其它色素都减少，湛江又鞭金藻（D.zhanjiangensis）正相反，除岩藻黄素和多甲藻素有减少外，其它色素都增加，小球藻的叶绿素A、β-胡萝卜素和紫黄素增加较大，但岩藻黄素和多甲藻素则减少。

A salt of a xanthic acid,especially a simple xanthic acid salt,as of sodium or potassium,used as a flotation collector for copper, silver ,and gold.

黄原酸盐一种黄原酸的盐，尤指单一的黄原酸盐。如黄原酸钠或黄原酸钾，是黄原酸的化合物之一，用作铜、银和金的飘浮物集中剂

To further study the chemical constitutes of lipophilic active parts, we prepared Alc95% and Alc50% according to original literature. 20 compounds were isolated by using macroporous resin, silica gel, polyamide, Sephadex LH-20, Rp-18, preparative TLC and preparative HPLC chromato-graphy. The structures of them were elucidated by means of physical and chemical properties, modern spectroscopic analysis techniques—UV、IR、 EI/MS、ESI/MS、〓H-NMR、〓C-NMR、DEPT、HMQC、HMBC. They are nine anthraquinones: chrysophanol (95-1), physcion (95-2), emodin (95-5), aloemodin (95-7), rhein (50-1), sennoside A or B (50-6),ω-hydroxylemodin (95-10), chrysophanol-8-0-β-D-glucoside (95-12), aloemodin-ω-0-β-D-glucoside (95-13); three phenanthaquinones: tanshinone ⅡA (95-3), cryptotanshinone (95-6), tanshinone Ⅰ(95-4); one isoflavone: 7, 3'-dihydroxyl-5' methoxyisoflavone (95-14) and protocaechuic aldehyde (95-9), protocaechuic acid (95-11), astragaloside Ⅳ(50-4), amygdalin (50-5), 2, 3, 5, 4'-tetrahydroxylstilbene-2-0-β-D-glucoside (50-3),-catechin (50-2), cinnamic acid (95-8). Among them, 3'-dihydroxyl-5' methoxyisoflavone (95-14) is a new compound.

经过溶剂萃取、大孔吸附树脂富集、Sephadex LH-20精制、制备TLC及Semi-pre HPLC等手段从中分离了20个化合物，利用理化性质和波谱技术(UV、IR、EI／MS、ESI／MS、〓H-NMR、〓C-NMR、DEPT、HMQC、HMBC)相结合鉴定了它们的结构，分别为9种蒽醌类化合物：大黄酚，大黄素甲醚，大黄素，芦荟大黄素，大黄酸，番泻苷A或B，ω-羟基大黄素(ω-hydroxylemodin)，大黄酚-8-0-β-D-葡萄糖苷(chrysophanol-8-0-β-D-glucoside)，芦荟大黄素-ω-0-β-D-葡萄糖苷(aloemodin-ω-0-β-D-glucoside)；3种菲醌类化合物：丹参酮ⅡA(tanshinoneⅡA)，隐丹参酮，丹参酮Ⅰ(tanshinone Ⅰ)；1种异黄酮：7，3'-二羟基-5'-甲氧基异黄酮（7，3'-dihydroxy-5' methoxyisofla-vone）以及原儿茶醛，原儿茶酸，黄芪甲苷(astragaloside Ⅳ)，苦杏仁苷，2，3，5，4'-四羟基二苯乙烯-2-0-β-D-葡萄糖苷（2，3，5，4'-tetrahydroxylstilbene-2-O-β-D-g1ucoside），Z—儿茶素，桂皮酸。

In 300mg/kg JSS treatment, the yolk color was 6 degree too. While added 500mg/kg JMH into the basal diet, the egg yolk color was up to 9 degree. Supplement of oxytetracycline + JMH or chlortetracy dine + JMH in the basal diet, the egg yolk color was up to 8 and 6 degree respectively and decreased one and three color unit respectively than that of JMH treatment. Added oxytetracyclimne + JSS or chlortetracycline + JSS, the egg yolk color was up to 8 and 6degree respectively. When added arsanilic acid + JSS, the egg yolk color was up to 7 degree and improved one color unit than that of JSS treatment. When added arsanilic acid +JMH to basal diet, the egg yolk color was up to 8 degree and decreased one color unit than that of JMH treatment.

饲料中添加300mg/kg的金闪闪，蛋黄颜色也是6级，没有产生增色效果，添加500mg/kg的加美黄，可使蛋黄颜色达到9级，提高3个比色单位，土霉素与加美黄配合使用，蛋黄颜色为8级，比加美黄组降低1级，金霉素与加美黄配合使用蛋黄颜色为6级，比加美黄组降低3级，土霉素与金闪闪配合使用可使蛋黄颜色升到8级，比金闪闪组提高2级，金霉素与金闪闪配合使用蛋黄颜色仍为6级，阿散酸与金闪闪配合使用，蛋黄颜色为7级，比金闪闪组提高1级，阿散酸与加美黄配合使用蛋黄颜色为8级，比加美黄组降低1级。

These compounds were identified as follows:chrysophanol (FP-1),physcion(FP-2),eriosematin(FP-3),scoparone(FP-4),lupeol(FP-5),betulinic acid(FP-6),3\',4\'-Dihydroxy-trans-cinamic acid octacosyl ester(FP-7),β-sitosterol (FP-8),flemiphilippinone A(FP-9),monopalmitin(FP-10),emodin(FP-11),islandicin (FP-12),salicylic acid(FP-13),p-methoxyphenylpropionic acid(FP-14),trideca-1, 3-diene(FP-15),lupinifolin(FP-16),flemichin D(FP-17),flemiphilippinin A(FP-18), auriculasin(FP-19),erythrinin B(FP-20),6-C-prenylluteolin(FP-21), 8-(1,1-dimethylallyl) genistein(FP-22),flemiphilippinin E(FP-23),flemiphilippinin F (FP-24),5,7,3\',4\'-tetrahydroxy-6,8-diprenylisoflavone(FP-25),flemiphilippinin D (FP-26),dorsmaninsⅠ(FP-27),osajin(FP-28),6,8-diprenyleriodictyol(FP-29), lupinalbin A(FP-30),genistein(FP-31),3\'-O-methylorobol(FP-32),orobol(FP-33), 5,7,2\',3\',4\'-pentahrdroxyflavone(FP-34),the mixture of biochanin A and prunetin (FP-35 and 36),genistin(FP-37),sophororicoside(FP-38),3\'-O-methylorobol-7-glucoside(FP-39),the mixture of sissotrin and prunetin 4\'-O-β-D-glucoside(FP-40 and 41),adenosine(FP-42) and luteoloside(FP-43,mixture).

这些化合物分别为大黄酚(FP-1)、大黄素甲醚(FP-2)、eriosematin(FP-3)、滨蒿内酯(FP-4)、羽扇豆醇(FP-5)、白桦酸(FP-6)、咖啡酸二十八烷酯(FP-7)、β-谷甾醇(FP-8)、蔓性千斤拔酮A(FP-9)、单棕榈酸甘油酯(FP-10)、大黄素(FP-11)、islandicin(FP-12)、水杨酸(FP-13)、对甲氧基苯丙酸(FP-14)、十三烷-1，4-二烯烃(FP-15)、lupinifolin(FP-16)、千斤拔素D(FP-17)、蔓性千斤拔素A(FP-18)、auriculasin(FP-19)、erythrinin B(FP-20)、6-C-异戊烯基木犀草素(FP-21)、8-(1，1-二甲烯丙基)-染料木黄酮(FP-22)、蔓性千斤拔素E(FP-23)、蔓性千斤拔素F(FP-24)、5，7，3′，4′-四羟基-6，8-双异戊烯基异黄酮(FP-25)、蔓性千斤拔素D(FP-26)、dorsmaninsⅠ(FP-27)、osajin(FP-28)、6，8-双异戊烯基圣草素(FP-29)、lupinalbin A(FP-30)、染料木黄酮(FP-31)、3\'-O-甲基香豌豆苷元(FP-32)、奥洛醇(FP-33)、5，7，2′，3′，4′-五羟基黄酮(FP-34)、鹰嘴豆素甲和樱黄素的混合物(FP-35和FP-36)、染料木苷(FP-37)、槐属苷(FP-38)、7-葡萄糖基-3\'-O-甲基香豌豆苷(FP-39)、印度黄檀苷和樱黄素4′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的混合物(FP-40和FP-41)、腺嘌呤核苷(FP-42)和木犀草苷(FP-43，混合物)。

Their structures were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, of which 4-chloro- 2-methyl-7-(2-bromoethoxy) isoflavone, 2, 4\'-dimethyl-7-(2-bromo-ethoxy)isoflavone and 2-methyl-7-(2-bromoethoxy) isoflavone are rarely reported so far.4\'-chloro-2-methyl-7-(3-bromopropoxy)isoflavone, 2, 4\'-dimethyl-7-(3-bromo- propoxy) isoflavone, 2-methyl-7-(3-bromopropoxy) isoflavone, 4\'-methoxy-2-methyl-7-(3-bromopropoxy) isoflavone and 4\'-hydroxy-2-methyl-7-(3-bromopropoxy) isoflavone were gained by reacting 7-hydroxy-2-methyl isoflavone derivatives with 1, 3-dibromo- propane, respectively.

第三章(来源：73ABC论文网www.abclunwen.com)在丙酮溶液中以K_2CO_3为碱，使溴乙氧基异黄酮和溴丙氧基异黄酮与咪唑偶合，以较高的产率合成出10种目标化合物：2-甲基-4′-氯-7-2-(1-咪唑基乙氧基异黄酮、2，4′-二甲基-7-2-(1-咪唑基乙氧基异黄酮、2-甲基-7-2-(1-咪唑基乙氧基异黄酮、2-甲基-4′-甲氧基-7-2-(1-咪唑基乙氧基异黄酮、2-甲基-4′-羟基-7-2-(1-咪唑基乙氧基异黄酮、2-甲基-4′-氯-7-3-(1-咪唑基丙氧基异黄酮、2，4′-二甲基-7-3-(1-咪唑基丙氧基异黄酮、2-甲基-7-3-(1-咪唑基丙氧基异黄酮、2-甲基-4′-甲氧基-7-3-(1-咪唑基丙氧基异黄酮、2-甲基-4′-羟基-7-3-(1-咪唑基丙氧基异黄酮，经IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、元素分析等对其结构进行了表征，10种目标产物均未见文(来源：ABC论文cccccc网www.abclunwen.com)献报道。

Methods: The medicinal plant Rheum wittrochii Lundstr., was genetically with Ri plasmid harbouring in Agrobacterium rhizogenes 9402 strain to induce hairy roots; transformed the opines from the hairy roots were assayed by paper electrophoresis; the contents of free anthroquinones such as aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, 8-O-methylchrysophanol from the hairy roots were quantitatively determined by HPLC technique.

用发根农杆菌Agrobacterium rhizogenes 9402 所含Ri质粒遗传转化药用植物天山大黄以诱导发根用纸电泳法检测发根中冠瘿碱的存在；用高效液相色谱法测定发根中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄酚、大黄素、大黄素甲醚、大黄酚-8-甲醚等游离蒽醌化合物的含量。

Jinda Stone Arts Co.Ltd. was established in 2001. It is equipped with advanced technology. It produces and wholesales all kinds of imports and homemade stone,granite, panel material. our main products are jinda-maible,shenganna golden marble, Spanish rice Huang,Beisha rice Huang, royal golden marble, shanna,and stone arts products are special-shaped Sculptures. It is the best stone carving craft company in Yunfu. Our products are west-style portrait, fireplace, flowerpot, Roman column, stone line, fengshui ball, embossment,round column, various special-shaped carving and so on.

金达石材工艺有限公司，创办于2001年，公司实力雄厚，生产和批发进口，国产云石、花岗石荒料及板材，主要石材有金色米黄系列：圣安娜米黄、皇室水晶米黄、欧洲米黄、法国米黄、西班牙米黄、贝沙金米黄、欧洲古典米黄、旧米黄、金花米黄，以异形工艺雕刻为主，是云浮市最好的石材雕刻工艺公司，品种有中西方人像、壁炉、花盆、罗马柱、石线、风水球、浮雕、圆柱和各种异形雕刻等。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。