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Methods The flavonoids were extracted by ethanol as the solvent from Bragica juncea coss with ultrasonic wave and ethanol extraction .

方法采用超声波乙醇浸提法从芥菜中提取黄酮类物质，对所提取的黄酮类物质进行验证，并用分光光度法测定含量，用芥菜总黄酮对羟自由基清除作用进行实验。

Changes in individuals from 1992 to 1999 differed among species,for instance,Cryptocarya concinna decreased,whereas Macaranga sampsonii and Randia canthioides increased,and Engelharditia roxburghiana maintained relatively stable.

黄果厚壳桂等种群1999年的数量较1992年有所降低，黄杞、白颜树、华润楠、荷木、黄叶树等种群数量相对稳定，鼎湖血桐和光叶山黄皮则在1992年的基础上有大幅度的增长。

The correlations of eleven floral and fruit quantitative traits of Liriodendron interspecific hybrids(L. chinense×L. tulipifera) and its parent species were analysized.The aglycone and glycoside of flavonoid and carotinoids of perianth segment in the three groups were studied qualitatively and quantatively by high performance liquid chromatography.The results were as followed: The aglycone such as cyanidin, 6-hydroxyflavone and trans-chalcone and the glycoside such as glucose, rhamnose and galactose were discovered in Liriodendron interspecific hybrids and Liriodendron chinense,carotinoids such as lycopene and β-carotene were also discovered.

本文对鹅掌楸、北美鹅掌楸和杂交F_1的花果共11 个数量性状进行分析，并应用高效液相色谱对上述三大类群花被片类黄酮糖苷配基和结合糖及类胡萝卜素进行了定性和定量研究，结果如下：鹅掌楸和杂交鹅掌楸花被片类黄酮糖苷配基为花青素、6-羟基黄酮和反式查尔酮，糖苷配基结合糖为葡萄糖、鼠李糖和半乳糖；类胡萝卜素为β-胡萝卜素和番茄红素。

The ethanol extract was dissolved with HCl, the acidic extract was basified to pH9-10 with NH_3-water and extracted with CHCl_3 to give total alkaloids. five alkaloids were isolated with column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography, and three of them were identified as dehydrocorydaline、 corynoline and dihydrosanguinarine on the basis of spectral analysis MS,~1H-NMR,~(13C-NMR and physicochemical properties. All of them were found for the first time from this plant.

为研究灰绿黄堇的化学成分，本文将灰绿黄堇乙醇提取物采取酸提取、碱游离后萃取的方法得到总生物碱，然后利用柱色谱、制备薄层色谱等方法分离、纯化了灰绿黄堇中5种生物碱，并利用IR、MS、~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NMR等方法鉴定了其中的3种，分别为去氢紫堇碱、紫堇灵、二氢血根碱，均为首次在此植物中发现。

The results revealed that there was a significant triple linear re-gression relationship between the HPLC peak areas(1×10￣5mm￣2)of theaflavin(TF,x_1),theaflavin-3-gallate(TF3G,X_2)and theaflavin-3,3′-digallate(TF3,3′DG,X_3) and the organoleptic total score for tea qualityY_(totalor taste ...

结果表明，茶黄素（TL，X＿1）、茶黄素－3－没食子酸酯（TF3G，X＿2）和茶黄素－3.3′双没食子酸酯（TF3.3'DG，X＿3）的HPLC峰面积（1×10￣5mm￣2）与红碎茶感官审评品质总分和滋味得分分）之间存在显著的（P＜0.05）三元线性回归关系。

Flaveria bidentis,a potential exotic invasive weed to agro-ecosystem and rangeland ecosystem,has recently invaded Tianjin City and Hebei Provincein North China,and is spreading further.

菊科黄菊属植物黄顶菊近年出现在我国华北地区天津市和河北省的衡水、廊坊等地，其入侵范围有不断扩大的趋势。黄顶菊是一种入侵性极高的一年生杂草，对农牧业生态系统有极大的破坏性。

The bacterium Flavobacterium columnare is the pathogen causing columnaris disease, a world-wide bacterial fish disease causing heavy economical losses in aquaculture industry, and is a pathogen in China causing bacterial gill-rot disease, a serious disease in several major cultured fish species including the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus .

本研究以柱状黄杆菌和草鱼为对象，以蛋白质组学技术为手段，用比较蛋白质组学的方法研究了柱状黄杆菌强毒株和弱毒株差异表达的胞外蛋白，研究了柱状黄杆菌外膜蛋白和草鱼鳃粘液的蛋白质组。

It was difficult to extract corn pigments completely, for some of them were in a protein-bind state. It was better to use active carbon for the decolorization of GEON, the conditions were 40℃, stir time 6 hours, the ratio of carbon to hydrolyzate 1: 100 , but as to milk-like powder, it was better to extract pigments after spray drying.

最后，本文对玉米黄素的可抽提性也进行了初步研究，结果表明，部分色素与蛋白质结合而难以抽提，因而有机溶剂难以将色素抽提完全，对Gln活性肽营养液而言，可选用酶解后加活性炭进行脱色，脱色条件为40℃，搅拌6小时，炭液比为1∶100；而对黄粉蛋白乳粉而言，喷雾干燥后用乙酸乙酯脱色，可使酶解干燥后黄粉的异味减轻。

The studies took a investigation into the main biochemical constituent of the plant, and a set of quantitative analysis method to Jasminum flavonoids was established. Further more, the studies developed a water extract process, and a method to isolate and purificate Jasminum flavonoids.

本实验较全面的分析了茉莉花干的生化成分，研究了以茉莉花干为原料的速溶产品提制工艺，探讨了茉莉黄酮提取纯化条件的优化，并初步探索了茉莉黄酮的检测技术，实验结果如下：本研究建立了茉莉黄酮的分光光度测定方法。

To isolate Jasminum flavonoids, it took an investigation to the effect of various conditions in extraction. The result was with EtOH concentration 70%, temperature 75℃, extraction time 4h and the ratio of solution to liquid 1:15.The studies implemented macroporous resin to enrich Jasminum flavonoids.

在茉莉花干黄酮的提取工艺研究中，以乙醇水溶液为溶剂，考察了不同乙醇浓度浸提液、不同浸提时间，不同浸提温度和不同料液比对茉莉黄酮提取效果的影响，通过正交实验确定了茉莉黄酮的最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度70％，温度75℃，提取时间为4h，固液比为1：15。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐