鸦片战争

Based on sufficient historical data,this paper,from the perspectives of the Japanese diplomatic envoys,gives a detailed account of such social realities in shanghai after the Second Opium War as refugee rushes,Opium desasters and foreign religion preachment

本文以详实的史料为依据，从日本幕府使团的独特视角，对第二次鸦片战争后的上海难民如潮、鸦片泛滥、洋教传播等方面的真实情景作了详细考述。

Protestantism was introduced to China in the early 19th century, and spread widely after the Opium War.

基督教曾于19世纪初传入中国，并在鸦片战争后大规模传入。

In the aftermath of the second opium war in 1860, it was the 8th Earl of Elgin who ordered French, British and Punjabi soldiers to destroy the Old Summer Palace in Beijing.

在1860年，作为第二次鸦片战争的直接后果的一部分，是第八代的艾林－俄而思家族的人命令法国，英国和彭加陛的士兵们完全捣毁了北京的圆明园。

His son is less well-known, but he was also responsible for what many view as an infamous act of cultural vandalism. In the aftermath of the second opium war in 1860, it was the 8th Earl of Elgin who ordered French, British and Punjabi soldiers to destroy the Old Summer Palace in Beijing.

他的儿子没那么有名，但他也犯下了在许多人看来属于破坏文化的恶劣行径。1860年第二次鸦片战争爆发后，这位第八世埃尔金伯爵命令法国、英国和旁遮普士兵毁掉了北京的圆明园。

Since the Opium War in 1840, I had then entered a "semifeudal and semicolonial" social conditions, the establishment of the Republic of China after the 1911 Revolution, but also just gone through 20 years of hard capitalism and the construction phase, and then was war submerged, until the founding of New China, China directly into the socialist construction phase.

自从1840年鸦片战争以来，我国便进入了一个"半封建半殖民地"的社会状况，辛亥革命之后所建立的中华民国，也只走过了20多年的艰辛资本主义建设阶段，随后就被战争所淹没，直到新中国的建立，中国就直接进入了社会主义建设阶段。

Modern Chinese porcelain: After the Opium War, China became a semifeudal and semicolonial society, China's national industry has been seriously destroyed, golden famous kilns also tends to stagnation and decline.

中国近代的陶瓷：鸦片战争以后，中国沦为半封建半殖民地社会，中国的民族工业受到了严重摧残，千载名窑也停滞而趋向衰落。

Since 1840 opium war,china has gradually fallen into a semifedual semicolonial society.and in the later 110 years between 1840and 1945 ,france ,britain japan ,america and other empirical power unremittingly launched hundreds of agressive war against china,which caused a great loss to chinese people and property.

自1840年鸦片战争以后，中国一步一步地由一个封建大国沦为半殖民地半封建的国家。从1840年到1949年的110年间，英、法、日、美、俄等帝国主义列强先后对中国发动过大小数百次侵略战争，给中国人民的生命财产造成了

The Opium War broughtChina the following results: Firstly, it made China lose its national sovereign and territorial integrity and turn itfrom an independent country to a semicolonial country.

鸦片战争的结果：一是使中国丧失国家主权和领土完整，由一个主权国家开始成为一个半殖民地国家；二是大量泛滥的鸦片烟掠走了中国巨额财富，毒害和降低了中国的国民素质，阻碍了近代中国历史的发展；三是破坏了农业和手工业结合的小生产经济结构，打破了中国经济发展的滞缓状态，刺激和促进了中国资本主义近代工业的发生和发展；四是惊醒了中国人，先进的中国人开始了漫长的学习西方资本主义的过程，最后才找到马克思主义，并使之与中国社会实际结合起来，走上国家独立和社会主义道路。

One week later, I went to Arthur Waley, an english sinologist of the early 20th century, and borrowed his The Opium War, which surprised me again.

一星期后，我找到了20世纪初英国汉学家阿瑟·韦利写的"鸦片战争"，对我来说这又是一个惊奇。

"To dislodge the worship of the west that had helped foment much of the unrest leading up to 1989, successive patriotic education campaigns waged in textbooks, newspapers, films and monuments drew concerted attention to China's century of humiliation (c. 1840-1949) inflicted by foreign imperialism, always beginning with the opium wars, always passing slickly over the CCP's own acts of violence."

"为了消除对西方的崇拜--在导致1989年事件的动荡中，这起到了主要的推波助澜作用--政府接连发起的爱国主义教育运动，通过课本、报章、电影和纪念馆，把人们的注意力集中转向帝国主义给中国带来的百年屈辱(1840年-1949年)--他们总是从鸦片战争说起，也总是轻巧地跳过中国共产党自己的暴行。"

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。