鳞翅目

Phylogenetic tree derived from all known EPVs spheroidin gene indicates that the order of the EPV host is in relationship with the genus of corresponding EPV, which agrees with a recent point that "Lepidopteran EPVs and Orthopteran EPVs should be divided into two distinct genus".

对已知的几种昆虫痘病毒球状体蛋白基因做系统进化树，结果显示，以病毒寄主的昆虫分类目作为昆虫痘病毒的分属依据，更符合分子水平的分析结果，也与近年来许多学者所提出的"将鳞翅目与直翅目昆虫痘病毒分为2个不同的属"的观点相一致。

Based on the combined dataset of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 13 protein coding genes,using the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of fifteen species of lepidopteran insects,The resulst showed the same topologies and supported a close relationship between the Geometroidea,Noctuoidea and Bombycoidea.This result deviates from the traditional view.

基于线粒体基因组13个蛋白质编码基因的核苷酸序列及氨基酸序列的联合数据集构建了15种鳞翅目昆虫的系统树，采用BI和ML分析方法建树，所得拓扑结构类似，都显示蚕蛾总科，尺蠖蛾总科和夜蛾总科关系较近，结果与前人研究的结果不完全一致。

In order to enhance its resistance to bacterial blightand lepidopteran such as leaffolder, striped stem borer and yellow stem borer etc, we intergessed Xa21 and Bt genes into the genetic background of 93-11 by backcross scheme, combining with molecular marker-assisted selection and phenotypic selection. Through three backcross and two self generations, eight families that have homozygous Xa21 and Bt genes were obtained in the BC3F3 families. Two families show higher recovery percentage of 93-11 even up to 90.59%.

为了进一步提高其对白叶枯病的抗性、同时增加其对水稻鳞翅目害虫（如稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟和三化螟等）抗性，利用常规回交育种方法和结合分子标记辅助选择将Xa21基因和Bt基因同时导入93-11中，在BC3F3家系中筛选到8个家系含纯合的Xa21基因和Bt基因，其中有两个家系与93-11比较其遗传背景的回复率很高，达到90.59%。

Conservation effort for the species effectively began in 1895, when the great lepidopterist F.W.

早在1880年代里，就有人表示对大蓝蝶命运的关切。在1895年，当著名的鳞翅目昆虫学家F.W。

Nabokov is a writer of multiple identities——not only a talented latecomer in "the first wave" of Russian emigrant literature, but also a forerunner of American postmodernism literature; not only a novelist, but also a critic, a translator, and a poet writing in Russian and English; furthermore, apart from his distinguished contribution in literature, he is also an expert in lepidopterology——which make Nabokov's works particularly appealing to from three perspectives, that is, postmodernism, comparative literature and Russian emigration literature.

纳博科夫是一名多重身份的作家，他既是俄罗斯侨民文学第一次浪潮中的后起之秀，也是美国后现代主义文学的先驱；既是一名小说家，也是评论家、翻译家、诗人；既用俄语创作，也用英语创作；既在文学领域内纵横，又在鳞翅目昆虫学方面颇有建树。他的这些跨越性特征使他同时出现在后现代主义研究、比较文学研究以及俄罗斯侨民文学研究的视阈内。

AT shows pernicious effect of environmental hormone on lepidopteron of silkworm.

AT对鳞翅目昆虫家蚕有环境激素毒性影响。

OBJECT: To investigate the effect of environment hormone on lepidopteron, studied of 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and P-nony-phenol act on the Bombyx silkworm in vivo, BmN cells, Sf9 cells and silkworm hemopoietic organ in vitro.

目的 为了探讨环境激素对鳞翅目昆虫的影响，研究了环境激素2，4—二氯苯酚(2，4-DCP)和壬基酚对家蚕机体、BmN和Sf9培养细胞及家蚕培养造血器官的作用。

To study the effect of environmental hormone on lepidopteron and its using methodproperly,the effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP)on ovary cell of Bombyx silkwormand of Autographa califobiea(SF9)were researched.

为了探讨环境激素对鳞翅目昆虫细胞的影响及其利用途径，研究了环境激素2，4一二氯苯酚(2，4-DCP)对BmN (家蚕Bombys mori 卵巢细胞)和SF9(苜蓿丫纹夜蛾Autograph califobiea 卵巢细胞)的影响。

As described above,two important lepidopteron pests,beet armyworm and cotton bollworm were surveyed and confirmed for existence of endogenous piggyBac elements. An intact piggyBac-like element was also obtained from the genome of cotton bollworm, and was thought to be potentially active.

综上所述，本究调查确定了鳞翅目两种重要农业害虫甜菜夜蛾和棉铃虫具有内源性piggyBac类似因子，并且从棉铃虫中获得了一个结构完整，具有潜在活性的piggyBac转座子。

In our study,two important lepidopteron pests,beet armyworm and cotton bollworm were surveyed for their endogenous piggyBac.As a result,endogenous piggyBac elements were found in these two insects,and one of the piggyBac elements isolated from the genome of cotton bollworm was intact and thought to be potentially active.1 Clonging and sequence analysis of piggyBac from beet armywormUsing PCR technique,with degenerate primers,a DNA fragment of piggyBac-like element was cloned from the genome of beet armyworm,spodoptera exigua hubner.The DNA fragment was 456bp in length,and the deduced amino acid sequence shares 50%- 78% similarity with other piggyBac elements from insects.But one stop code was found in this DNA fragment.

由于转座子很难用常规的RT-PCR和RACE技术进行克隆鉴定，故本研究在兼并引物PCR的基础上，利用inverse PCR和vectorret PCR技术，不仅调查了鳞翅目两种重要的农业害虫甜菜夜蛾和棉铃虫的內源piggyBac存在情况，同时克隆到了內源性的piggyBac转座子，并且从棉铃虫中获得了一个结构完整、具有潜在活性的piggyBac转座子HaPLE1.1甜菜夜蛾piggyBac转座子基因的克隆与序列分析采用PCR技术，利用兼并引物，从甜菜夜蛾基因组中克隆出一个內源性piggyBac类似因子的DNA片段，并命名为SePLE。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。