鳞

The mechanisms of apoptosis of skin squamous cell carcinoma induced by IFN-γand ATRA Introduction and objective Skin squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm derived from epidermal keratinocyte and squamous cells of skin appendant organ .It is one of the most common skin carcinoma, and the incidence rate of SCC is 20% in malignant non-melanoma. It is a common disease that seriously harms health of people in our country, so we should pay more attention to it.

维甲酸、γ-干扰素诱导皮肤鳞状细胞癌SCL-1细胞凋亡的机制研究前言与目的皮肤鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma，SCC，简称鳞癌)是起源于表皮角质形成细胞或附属器鳞状上皮细胞的一种恶性肿瘤，是常见的皮肤恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率约占全部非黑素细胞癌的20％。

The mechanisms of apoptosis of skin squamous cell carcinoma induced by IFN-γand ATRA Introduction and objective Skin squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm derived from epidermal keratinocyte and squamous cells of skin appendant organ .

维甲酸、γ-干扰素诱导皮肤鳞状细胞癌 SCL-1细胞凋亡的机制研究前言与目的皮肤鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma，SCC，简称鳞癌)是起源于表皮角质形成细胞或附属器鳞状上皮细胞的一种恶性肿瘤，是常见的皮肤恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率约占全部非黑素细胞癌的20％。

The results show that the microstructure of ventra1 scale for python was composed of micro-convex and plank structure that was periodically arranged, it was mensurable and could be described by 9 characteristic parameters. Its surface was different in their forward and backward lean angle. The frictional coefficient of the ventra1 scale had closely relationship with moving direction, it decreased with the increasing load. The value of the frictional coefficient was about 0.07. The frictional coefficient while python moved backward and laterally were equal, and that was 33% more than that moved ahead. The frictional force of the ventra1 scale surface was caused by mechanical tooth function of micro-convex, acting intermolecular force and material's elastic hysteresis. The difference of forward and behind bevel for micro-convex was the anisotropy reason of frictional force.

结果表明：腹鳞表面的微观结构由指状微突体和板结构部分周期排列而成，其结构可用9个特征参数定量描述；腹鳞表面摩擦力由分子作用力、表面微突体的犁沟力、楔形作用力以及材料弹性滞后共同引起；腹鳞表面的摩擦系数在0.07左右并与运动方向有关，摩擦系数随载荷增加而减小；后向运动及左、右侧向运动时摩擦系数基本相等，比前向运动时高33%左右；腹鳞表面微突体不同方向上倾斜角度的差异是引起摩擦各向异性的主要原因。

To explore the biomarkers for differential diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells between carcinoma tissue and metastatic lymph nodes,laser capture microdissection was used to separate them.

分析食管鳞癌转移淋巴结中鳞癌细胞与食管鳞癌组织中鳞癌细胞的蛋白质的表达差异，获取鉴别两者的分子标志物。

This research eventually collected nine species of Priolepis from Taiwan, including two new records; two undescribed species P.

本研究则采获九种锯鳞鰕虎，包括新记录两种，颈纹锯鳞鰕虎与淡带锯鳞鰕虎；未描述种两种，小琉球锯鳞鰕虎 P。

The result showed that the critical low temperature of annonaceae was 1 ℃,affected by the duration of low temperature.

结果表明：2个品种番荔枝忍受低温的临界温度为1℃；低温持续时间对临界低温有影响，细鳞种番荔枝于3℃处理18 h的相对电渗率与1℃处理6 h的相近；细鳞种番荔枝束缚水和自由水的比值、可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量均高于粗鳞种番荔枝，其耐寒性略强于粗鳞种番荔枝。

Pedicels scaly; calyx large,(2–)3–8 mm, deeply 5-lobed, scaly, margin sometimes ciliate; corolla tubular-campanulate to funnel-campanulate, pink, white, or yellow; outer surface usually scaly, sometimes glabrous; stamens 10, declinate; ovary 5-locular; style straight, glabrous or scaly at base.

花梗有鳞；大的花萼，(2-)3-8毫米，深深5浅裂，有鳞，有时具缘毛的边缘；花冠管状钟状到漏斗状钟状，粉红色，白色，或黄色；外表面通常有鳞，有时无毛；雄蕊10，下倾；子房5室；花柱直，无毛的或有鳞的在基部。

The cells at the edge of the basaloid islands tended to show palisading arrangement. Squamous epithelium on the surface of tumor often accompanied with carcinoma in situ or superficial invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Occasionally cancer nets were connected with basement layer of squamous epithelium laying in the surface, and rare squamous cells or glandlike structures were seen in the cancer nests.

但BSC癌细胞分化较低异型性较强，癌巢周围细胞呈栅栏状排列，肿瘤表面鳞状上皮常伴发原位癌或浅表浸润性鳞状细胞癌；偶见癌巢与表面鳞状上皮基底层相连、或偶见癌巢内形成鳞状细胞，或腺管样结构，这些与ACC不同。

According to Bract Scale and Seed Scale Complex theory and the observation results in this experiment, the author considers that the Gnetum genus belongs to the evolvement line ofBSSC. and is more closer to conifers than other seed plant.

根据苞鳞-种鳞复合体理论，结合本文的观察结果，作者认为买麻藤属植物是苞鳞-种鳞复合体演化线上的成员，与松杉类植物的关系比较近。

Lepidophloides and lepidodendralean leaf cushion genera, such as Lepidodendron, Lepidophloios, Sigillaria and Cathaysiodendron revealed that L. lepidophloides possesses mixed features of all these genera and it can not be assigned into any of them without doubt.

将鳞皮鳞木与已知几个鳞木类植物叶座属，如鳞木属、鳞皮木属、封印木属和华夏木属进行了对比，认为鳞皮鳞木具有这几个属的混合特征，将其归入上述任何一属似乎都不太妥当。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。