鱼类

In the end it suggests some counter-measures, including: developing cage acquiculture in the bends and branches as the stradegy direction in cultivation program; developing high-density flowing aquiculture making use of the stream resources; selectively developing dam-intercepting bends acquiculture and quality pool fishery; intensifying the protection and utilization of the natural fish resources so as to develop special variety and establish fry production base; developing large-water-area throw-in and enrichment and culture fishery and halieutics; protecting ecological environment and establishing economic fish and rare fish protection district; perfecting fishery institution and intensifying fishery management and bettering the fish breeding; developing tourist and fishing industry; establishing related mechanism including government control mechanism, market guiding mechanism, management and running company system, sales market share system, farmer organizing and uniting system, leading enterprise leading system; increasing the investment to the fishery industry in the area

文章最后提出发展三峡水库渔业的对策包括：养殖项目的战略定向为利用库湾库汊，发展网箱养鱼；利用山溪流水资源，开展高密度流水养鱼；利用高水位区库湾，有选择地开展坝拦库湾养鱼和精养池塘渔业；强化天然鱼类资源保护与合理利用，进行特色品种的开发和苗种生产基地的建设；大水域放流增殖，发展捕捞业；保护生态环境，建立经济鱼类和珍稀鱼类保护区；健全渔政机构、加强渔政管理、做好鱼类繁殖；积极发展游钓业；建立与渔业发展相适应的配套机制包括政府调控机制、市场导向机制、管理运营公司制、营销市场股份制、农民组织协会制、龙头企业带动制；增加三峡水库渔业的资金投入。

Researchers have had systematically studied on this technique for many years, and this technique has been utilized in application and made a lot of effects;2 Combining with the techniques of cell engineering (nuclear transplantation and electric fusion etc.), and through the process of culturing histiocyte of fish, cryopreservation and re-culture after thawing, carrying out somatic cell breeding of fish.

多年来，国内外学者对各种鱼类精液的冷冻保存进行了大量的系统研究，目前这项技术已达到实用水平，并日益发挥作用；二是对鱼类培养的组织细胞冷冻保存，通过鱼类细胞的培养、超低温冻存、解冻后再培养过程，结合细胞工程技术进行体细胞育种；大量的研究结果表明鱼类体细胞核具有发育的全能性，随着细胞培养技术、细胞工程技术日益发展成熟，完全具备实现鱼类物种种质长期保存的理论基础和技术条件。

The feeding and excretion of three little fishes (Hemiculter. leucisculus, Tilapia. aurea and Cirrhinus. molitorelld) was studied and their effect on water quality of Qiankeng reservoir in Shenzhen City Around the topdown effect of fish was also studied. Based on the analysis of their stomach contents, their diet composition was assayed. The three fishes" feeding rhythm in cage and their rate of digestion indoor were looked into, and their daily ration was estimated through the method of daily average fullness index. Using the spectrophotometer, the content of chlorophyll a in the stomach was measured, and the feasibility of taking the chlorophyll a as an index of measuring the feeding of fish on phytoplankton was studied. Adopting the national standard method, the effect of the three fishes" excretion on total nitrogen, total phosphorus, CODMn, pH, turbidity and conductivity coefficient was surveyed. The effect of feeding and excretion offish on water quality was discussed and the results revealed as follows:H.

围绕鱼类的下行效应，本文以深圳茜坑水库三种小型鱼类Hemiculter leucisculus罗非鱼Tilapia.aurea和鲮鱼Cirrhmus.molitorella为研究对象，以胃含物分析为基础，分析了三种鱼类的食物组成；调查了网箱中自然状态下三种鱼的摄食节律，在室内调查了三种鱼的食物消化速率，运用日平均饱满指数法计算出三种鱼的日粮；采用分光光度法测定了鱼体肠叶绿素含量，探讨了叶绿素作为鱼类对浮游植物摄食量衡量指标的可行性；采用国家标准的水质测量方法，测定了鱼类排泄对总氮、总磷、高锰酸盐指数、pH、浊度和电导率的影响量。

In order to test the practical usefulness of the prober LZF-I we conducted population investigation, paternity determination, tissue stability and applicable extent in fish and obtained following results. The probability of chance association between random individuals was 9.23×10-16,and this indicates that the LZF-I fingerprints are completely individualspecific The paternity probability was 0.999962, and it showed that the inheritance of alleles is in accord with the Mendelian Law. The LZF-I oligonucleotide fingerprinting probe was stable.It was very effective in detecting both individual and species specificities of fish.

通过对鱼类的群体实验、亲子鉴定实验、组织细胞的稳定性实验和鱼类种类的适用范围实验后，测得：(1)LZF-I DNA指纹探针属多位点寡核苷酸探针；(2)LZF-I DNA指纹探针在鱼类种群中的鉴别机率为9.23×10 E-16；(3)LZF-I DNA指纹探针在鱼类亲子鉴定实验中的父系概率为0.999962；(4) LZF-I DNA指纹探针，是一种稳定的，既具有个体识别能力，又具有一定种属特异性的、适用于鱼类DNA指纹图研究的基因指纹探针。

The Center is organized to have the following ten functional units : aquaculture environment, fish genetics and disease resistant strains, fish nutrition, fish virology, fish bacteriology, fish mycology, fish protozoology and parasitology, fish pathophysiology, aquaculture medicine, pathogen free fish stock.

该中心由以下10个功能单位组成：水产环境、鱼类遗传学与抗病品系、鱼类营养、鱼类病毒学、鱼类细菌学、鱼类真菌学、鱼类原生动物学和寄生虫学鱼类病理生理学、水产养殖医学、无病原鱼类养殖。

Importantly, recent analyses8 have begun to reveal new relationships between early vertebrates, in which acanthodians and placoderms are scattered among the early divisions of gnathostome evolution; acanthodians, in particular, are cropping up on chondrichthyan and osteichthyan stem groups.

有颌类包括硬骨鱼类以及软骨鱼类。软骨鱼类仅占有颌类物种数的2%，其余98%的有颌类都属于硬骨鱼类。在硬骨鱼类中，大约一半是辐鳍鱼类，剩余的统称肉鳍鱼类。辐鳍鱼类包括从斑马鱼到多鳍鱼的大约2万8千个种。

Thirty-two species of wild freshwater fish were collected,belonging to three orders,ten families,and twenty-seven genera,among which,there were twenty-one species of Cypriniformes,four species of Perciformes,and seven species of Siluriformes.

采集的野生淡水鱼类32种，隶属于3目10科27属，其中鲤形目鱼类21种，占65.6%，鲈形目鱼类4种，占12.5%，鲇形目鱼类7种，占21.9%。

Based on the trophodynamics in marine ecological system and the primary productivity data from the fishing grounds of east Fujian during the marine investigation in Taiwan Strait, the concentration of organic carbon of phytoplankton and 52 species of main economic fishes were determined, and the nutritive level of the fishes and ecological efficiency in the fishing ground were calculated. The ecological carrying capacity of fish resources was 630800 tons using Cushing model and dynamics model.

闽东渔场位于26000'一27010'N、1 19050'一125000'E，北邻浙江温台渔场，南接台湾海峡，属亚热带海第2期林法玲：闽东渔场鱼类资源生态容量和最大可持续开发量域，鱼类资源丰富，系我国南方海域重要渔场之一。20世纪80年代以来，闽东渔场鱼类资源呈现衰退现象，有关鱼类资源生态容量和可持续开发量是渔业生产和管理部门所关注的问题。

SINEs insertion can be stably delivered to descendants, thereby, SINEs can provide the reliable evolutionary information, and used as molecular markers for phylogeny events within 50Mys, such as the levels of family and order.Cyprinidae, the largest fish family, comprises approximately 210 recognized genera and 2010 species.

鲤科鱼类是世界上现生鱼类中最大的一个科，约有210属2010个种，但有关鲤科鱼类中SINEs的研究却很少，目前相关的报道仅限于斑马鱼基因组内；而有关利用SINEs插入位点信息进行鲤科鱼类系统进化的研究更没有报道。

Both three systems showed low abundance of herbivorous fishes. Relative abundance of fishes and coral reefs was least in the anthropogenically impacted systems. However, relative abundance of fishes did not differ in the protected and non-protected systems, suggesting the little effect of marine protection area.

而受人为活动影响的珊瑚礁生态系则显示，破坏的保护区之鱼类和珊瑚比例最少，但藻类最多；然而鱼类比例在保护区和非保护区间，除非是受到高度管制的保护区，鱼类比例会较高外，二区间的鱼类比例差异并不大，显示保护区可能未受到较妥当的保护，无法发挥其效能。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷