高大

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

When I first came to Xiamen, a southern coastal city, everything struck me as new: the very big subtropical trees with full blossoms and fruits, and also in striking colors. For example, the tall palm, the captivating silk cotton, the flamboyant flame tree with full-blown flowers, the colorful bougainvilleas, the brilliant Chinese redbud, and also many other unknown plants—they are all so bright and attractive. The scene is unimaginable in North China.

初到南方的海滨城市厦门，一切都是陌生的，新奇的，让我感到新鲜的是在这里——亚热带风景中有许多高大的树木都是开花结果的，而且种类繁多，色彩丰富，如：高大的棕榈树、诱人的木棉花，枝叶花朵布满天空的凤凰树，多彩的三角梅，盛开的紫荆花，还有诸多不知名的植物是如此的丰富多彩。

As you enter the city proper, edifices, icons, and images to match your expectations take shape: a bridge with heroic statues along its parapets; a towering cake of ornate marble decorated with allegorical figures in extravagant poses; a piazza and an obelisk under an umbrella of pine trees; a massive stone arena, even bigger than you imagined, that you realize with awe is the fabled Colosseum.

进入市区，你期望中的高大建筑、雕像和画像就出现在面前：桥梁的低矮挡墙上排列着历史英雄人物的塑像；高大而华丽的大理石块上雕刻着千姿百态的寓言故事主人公；广场和方尖塔荫庇在松树林之下；巨大的石砌圆形剧场比想象中的更大，你怀着敬畏的心情发现这就是传说中著名的古罗马角斗场。

I should have told Eiden,the tall boy with a childish face about the foolish mistake I made yesterday .When I introduced the four Great inventions of Ancient China to him, I forgot to mention "printing" and confused "paper" and "paper-making" which are actually the same thing.I wish to hug linda ,the Vice-principal who is so big but so kind once more.She said she wished me to visit her school and I regrettably told her that as a librarian I would never have such a chance. Hearing that ,she nodded with understanding and said firmly that she had,and she would come some day and visit me again.

我还想告诉Eiden，那个高大却一脸稚气的男孩，昨天我给他介绍的四大发明，不小心忘讲printing了， paper and paper-making是一回事，我想再和身材高大却和蔼的女校长linda拥抱一下，她说她希望我能去拜访他们学校，我告诉她我作为图书管理员也许永远也没有机会，她理解得点点头，说她还有机会，还会来二中，相信她下次来还能记得我，Evergreen。

The plantation defoliated in dry seasons while the mountain rain forest was tall and dense evergreen broadleaved forest and kept green in dry season.The mountain rain forest\'s arbor layer contained 3 layers.Relatively open space under the canopy,rare shrub,sparse grasses,very tall wood vines and rich epiphytes were found in it.4 Afforestation did not change the life form spectrum significantly.

西南桦人工林的乔木层在旱季落叶，而山地雨林外貌为高大、常绿、茂密的阔叶林，即使旱季也仍保持林冠葱绿的外貌，乔木层可明显的分为3层，林下比较空旷，灌木植被少见，草本植物分散，另外具有高大的木质藤本植物和附生植物。4人工造林对群落的物种生活型谱影响不大。

In the practice it plays an important part in insect surveys, the choice of grain method, the improvement of grain storage level, the extension of storage time and the delay of grain quality deterioration. 1 Research on stored product insects in large warehouse 1.1 Community composition and structure analysis of stored product insects in large warehouse By means of GJ89 type probe trap investigation of stored grain insects and analysis of community composition and structure of large warehouse were carried out in Chongqing Beibei State Grain Reserve Depot. The results showed that there were main Lipocelis botrychophilus、 Cryptolestes ferrugineus、 Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Sitophilus zeamais etc in large warehouse

高大平房仓储粮昆虫生态学研究 1.1 高大平房仓散装储粮昆虫群落组成及结构分析使用GJ89型粮虫陷阱检测器对中央储备粮重庆北碚直属库高大平房仓储粮昆虫进行系统调查，并对其群落组成及结构进行了分析，结果表明高大平房仓储粮昆虫主要有书虱Lipocelis botrychophilus、锈赤扁谷盗Cryptolestes ferrugineus、腐食酪螨Tyrophagus putrescentiae和玉米象Sitophilus zeamais等4类，其中书虱为绝对优势种群；在粮堆垂直方向0～50cm 4类昆虫发生最多，100～150cm发生最少；4类昆虫在粮面0～50cm丰富度、优势度、多样性及均匀度4项指标均高于50～100cm和100～150cm，水平方向6个区域各项指标差异不大。

Sunshine, beaches, and cactuses are the impressions of Penghu.I have traveled to Penghu. The most exciting memory of the journey was to pick the ripe cactus fruit and enjoyed it on the roadside of this passionate island. I used steel to create the stem of cactuses, and replaced the sharp thorns with soft films in order to pull the distance to be closer with humans. The cactuses became friendly and approachable. People could touch it without getting stabbed.

在这热情岛屿的路旁，悄悄摘下成熟的仙人掌果实，吃了起来，是旅行中最兴奋的记忆了，我将一棵棵高大的仙人掌种植在草皮上，拉近与人的距离，而那影响靠近心情的尖刺，被我用软软的塑胶片取代了，现在你可以随意的拨弄它而不会被刺伤，站在它高大的身旁，慢慢、懒懒、轻松、幽默的姿态，你是不是也被感染了呢？

First thing that catches your eyes is the high-ceilinged living room space, tall windows, bright lighting, gorgeous thick curtains, elegant white sand screens, high-ceilinged room with wooden beams and ceiling coupled with luxurious chandeliers, tall sofa background wall of an increasingly luxurious and solemn, hollow carved Chinese wooden frame, hidden inside a yellow light, silhouetted against the large area of calligraphy calligraphy and painting - the atmosphere and uninhibited.

首先映入眼帘的是挑高的客厅空间，高大的窗户，明亮的采光，华丽厚重的窗帘，飘逸洁白的沙帘，挑高空间用木梁吊顶配以豪华的大吊灯，高大的沙发背景墙愈发显得华贵而庄严，雕华镂空的木格，里面暗藏黄色的灯光，映衬大面积的的书法字画-，大气而豪放。

And she hath strong rods to make sceptres for them that bear rule, and her stature was exalted among the branches: and she saw her height in the multitude of her branches.

她生出一根粗壮的枝条，可作统治者的权杖，它的躯干高大，超过其他的枝叶。因它身量高大，在密茂的枝叶中，也可以见到。

Grass of willow leaf horsewhip because plant is lofty, plant the question on potted management is very much, lofty cauline wind is blown or collide to fold caustic easily artificially for example, after blossomming, carry wait not easily, before not quite the farmer is willing to be planted commodity is trafficced, in recent years the farm be current because of sightseeing condition, this kind grows the grass of willow leaf horsewhip that exuberant amount jumps over the United States more more just is able to come forward, additional also outside constant somebody thinks grass of Liu Xie horsewhip by accident is edible flavor plant, that is the concern that because of grass of as citric as flavor plant horsewhip the name approachs very much, should reminding Liu Xie horsewhip is careless here is not flavor plant without edible value, be to view and admire crop purely!

柳叶马鞭草由于植株高大，种成盆栽治理上问题很多，例如高大的茎风吹或人为碰撞易折损。开花后运送不易等，以往不太有农民愿意种成商品贩卖，近年因为观光型态的农场盛行，这种生长旺盛数量越多越美的柳叶马鞭草才得以出头，另也外常有人将柳叶马鞭草误以为是可食用的香料植物，那是因为与香料植物柠檬马鞭草名称很接近的关系，在此要提醒柳叶马鞭草不是香料植物没有食用价值，纯粹是观赏作物喔！

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。