高估

Overvalued reason has this in common with political absolutism: under its dominion the individual is pauperized.

被高估的理性类似于政治专制：在它的支配之下是个体的困顿。

Corporate profits after taxes in the five years 1971 through 1977 also averaged less than 6 percent of the national income (in spite of the fact that, as a result of insufficient accounting adjustment for inflation, they were probably overstated).

从1971年到1975年，这个比率年平均也低于6%（事实上，由于通货膨胀因素的会计调整不够充分，这个比率可能被高估）。

At age 78, I've concluded that speed afoot is a ridiculously overrated talent.

在 78 岁这一年我总结出徒步疾行是荒谬的被高估的才能。

The first part concerned the self-conceptions of competence in the field of childrens physical exercise.

实验发现：1泛化经验下，小班幼儿对自己的跳远能力作出不切实际的高估，直接经验对此倾向没有显著的修正作用；中、大班幼儿在泛化经验下，对自己能力的估计相对保守，但在三次试跳后，也表现出高估倾向，但两者与其实际能力间都存在不同程度的显著相关，表明这种高估在学前中后期已具有一定的现实基础；2幼儿在多项目判断上比在单项目判断上更容易表现出能力高估，但多项目任务上对能力的程度判断，则0 细致地体现出幼儿对任务难度与能力间关系的理解和在自我能力判断中的运用。。

In the last part, the paper appraises mortgage value using the former and improved capitalization rate respectively. Making using of the method of appraisal bias, the paper concludes that using the former capitalization rate results in overrating the appraisal result, while using the improved capitalization rate does not exist overrating problem. Based on that, the paper compares the former and improved capitalization rate from the following six aspects- mortgager, financial institution, appraisal institution, conservative principle of appraisal of mortgage, default risk, mortgage rate, and finally concludes that the improved capitalization rate is more scientific and accurate.

通过案例分析分别运用改进前后的资本化率进行评估，运用评估bias方法对评估结果进行研究，得出运用改进前的资本化率进行评估存在高估的现象，而运用改进后的资本化率进行评估则不存在高估的问题，在此基础上从抵押人、金融机构、评估机构、保守性估价原则、违约风险、抵押利率六个方面对改进前后的资本化率进行了系统的比较，得出改进后的资本化率更加科学精确的结论。

P×P and P were two major non-Bayesian algorithms. 6 Less than 25% of the participants used frequency. In those who got other results except P , much more people used probability. Experiment 2 had a randomized multigroup posttest design. There was only one factor named implied condition which had five levels: not imply, imply P, imply addition, imply division and imply all. The results showed that: 1 All the implied conditions significantly improved the participants' performance. When under the condition of implying division, the participants derived the best results. 2 31.9% of the participants got correct answer, 73% of who used frequency to rewrite the information. 3 78% of the participants could apply one or several of the four concepts: probability of "not the event", multiplication rule, addition rule and condition probability.

结果表明：1 被试的估计受问题内容的影响，权威型问题情境容易使被试高估，非权威型问题情境使被试的高估现象大大减少；数据结构和提问形式对被试估计不产生影响。2 有近5%的被试能正确估计P，其中 73%使用频数对信息进行再表征。3 贝叶斯推理中各分步骤的困难程度由低到高分别是：乘法、P、加法、除法。4 有50%的被试能运用对立事件概率、概率乘法、概率加法、条件概率这四个概念中的一种或者几种。5 使用最多的两种非贝叶斯算法是P×P和P。6 不到25%的被试使用频数；求得除P以外各类结果的被试中，使用概率的人数远多于使用频数的。

Bill Gates has said: We always are the change that overmeasure future will produce two years, underestimate the change that future will produce 10 years however. 5 years, not long not short, so I also do not know Li Yan grand be overmeasure after all, still underestimated.

比尔·盖茨说过：我们总是高估未来两年将发生的变化，却低估未来十年将发生的变化。5年，不长不短，所以我也不知道李彦宏到底是高估了，还是低估了。

The GPI method assumes that the cloud with brightness temperature below 235K would be rainy, then the area of rain is equal to the coverage of cold cloud below 235K. It may be suitable for most part of China at tropic and subtropic area. But for northern part and plateau area of China, the GPI overestimates precipitation due to lack of enough water vapor.

4GPI方法假定云顶亮温低于235K时，将产生降水，降水区的面积就等于低于235K亮温覆盖的区域，这在热带和中纬度大部分地区可能是适用的，但对我国北方干旱地区以及高原地区，则存在明显的高估，表明有云不一定会有雨，为了修正西北部降水的系统性高估，引入相对湿度修正因子，即在一定温度条件下，加上一定的湿度条件，才能形成降水。

On average, these dually listed companies are still traded at a 30% premium in HongKong, or the H share market, over the price of the same stock in the A share market.

如果我们比较同时在国内外上市的公司的股价就能发现，这些双重上市公司在H股市场的股价比在A股市场平均要高出百分之三十，而在五年前这个数字却是百分之三百八十，显然这些上市公司的股票价格区间被压缩了，但其在A股市场的价值并不低，（这句话应该翻译为：A股市场的总体价格水平并不偏低），这些股票的价值被高估了（和海外市场比，A股市场依然被高估了）。

However, there is a potential that some segments in an eDocument may be overrated by the PageRank analysis. In this work, two potential reasons, which cause the overrating problem, are identified:(1) Some eDocuments are difficult to cause memory difficulty or selective reading and (2) A reading activity can be treated as a traversed thread over an eDocument.

然而PageRank演算法却有可能高估数位文章片段的重要性而导致摘要的准确度降低，在研究中两个主要造成高估数位文章片段问题的可能性首先被指出来：一、某些数位文章不容易造成记忆上的困难或选择性阅读；二、阅读活动可以被视为一条往返於数位文章上的线。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。