髓骨

BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite has favorable biocompatibility, can protect pulp tissue and promote the formation of osteoid dentin and the concrescence of pulp tissue.

背景：羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性，可保护牙髓组织，促进骨样牙本质的形成和牙髓组织的愈合，但无抗感染能力。

AIM:To observe the expression of Smad1,4,5 in h uman dental pulp tissue of normal, carious and inflammatory couditions, and explore the effect of Smad1,4,5 on dental pulp repair after tissue injury.

目的：观察骨形态发生蛋白下游信号转导分子Smad1，4，5在正常、龋坏和炎症人牙髓组织中的表达及表达差异，探讨Smad1， 4，5在牙髓损伤修复过程中的作用。

Methods: The distal 1/3 of eighty humeri was scanned by 16 layer spiral CT. The morphologic features of the intramedullary bony prominence above the olecranon fossa were observed and described on coronal, sagittal and transverse section after three-dimensional reconstruction. Then the distal 1/3 of twenty humeri was splitted vertically along the coronal midline for observing the intramedullary bony crista.

应用16层CT对80根肱骨远段1/3进行扫描，三维重建成像后，从冠状面、矢状面和横截面观察并描述鹰嘴窝上髓腔内骨性突起的形态特点，然后将20根肱骨远段1/3在冠状面上从中线纵行剖开，对髓腔内骨嵴行直观的观察。

Periosteal reaction around locked intramedullary nail is related to the effect of immune repellency of locked intramedullary nail.

带锁髓内针周围骨反应与带锁髓内针引起的免疫排斥反应相关。

Abstract］ Objective To analyze X-ray sign of periosteal reaction around locked intramedullary nail after locked intramedullary nail had been fixed and study it's mechanism of forming.

目的 分析骨折带锁髓内针固定后髓内针周围骨反应的X线表现，并探讨其形成机制。

Of the femoral fracture,there were 14 cases of fractures of shafts of femurs and 1 case of supracondylar fracture of femur;11 male, 4 female;7 left cases,8 right cases;1 case complicated with bending of bone plate and screw,6 cases with breakages of plate;1 case with bending of common intramedullary nail,2 cases with breakages of common intramedullary nails,1 case of screw and wire lock fixation complicated with pseudoarticulation formation,4 cases with nonunion of fracture.

方法］24例长骨骨折内固定手术失败应用有限切开交锁髓内钉治疗的长骨骨折翻修术病例中，股骨15例，其中股骨干骨折14例，股骨髁上骨折1例；男11例，女4例；左侧7例，右侧8例；接骨板螺丝钉折弯1例，断裂6例，普通髓内钉折弯1例，折断2例，螺钉并钢丝固定假关节形成1例，骨折不愈合4例。

It can provide a stable and reliable fixation which is of benefit for early functional exercise. Bone grafting, closed reaming technique and knee joint adhesion release should be considered in order to enhance the bone healing and the improvement of knee ROM and function. Femoral fractures; Fracture fixation, intramedullary; Fractures, ununited

使用逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折不愈合及延迟愈合具有固定可靠，便于膝关节早期功能锻炼等优点，但应联合行骨移植、闭合扩髓及膝关节粘连松解术，以促进骨折愈合，改善膝关节活动度和功能。

Fig 1 At the experimental side, two weeks after operation (HE ×100) Many pieces of cartilage cells and spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells were found, by light microscope Fig 2 At the experimental side, twelve weeks after operation (HE ×100) Medullary cavity had formed, which contained hemoblasts and adipocytes, but the trabculae was not typical, by light microscope Fig 3 At the experimental side, twenty-four weeks after operation (HE ×100) The typical cancellous bone had formed, by light microscope Fig 4 At the control side, twenty-four weeks after operation (HE ×100) A large part of CXB was degraded, resorbed and replaced by fibrous tissue, but there was'not any new formed bone, by light mocroscope

图1 实验侧术后2周(HE ×100)镜下可见很多软骨细胞条索和团块生成及大量梭形间充质细胞图2 实验侧术后12周(HE ×100)镜下可见有髓腔形成，内含有造血和脂肪细胞，骨小梁尚不典型图3 实验侧术后24周(HE ×100)镜下可见形成典型的松质骨结构图4 对照侧术后24周(HE ×100)镜下可见大部分CXB被降解吸收，为纤维组织替代，无新骨形成

Result: Gufuhuotang could obviously decrease total blood low-shear viscosity, plasma viscosity, hematocrit, serum cholesterol and triglyceride contents; under light microscope empty bone lacunas of femoral head were less, fat cells of medullary cavity were less and relatively small, and bone trabecula was sparse with no break.

结果 ：骨复活汤可明显降低全血低切粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、血清胆固醇及甘油三酯含量，光镜下见股骨头空骨陷窝数较少，髓腔脂肪细胞较少较小，骨小梁稀疏、未见断裂。

Results: A 3-dimensional finite element nrodel consisting of pulp,tooth, PDL, compact bone and cancellous bone was established.

结果：首次建立了包括牙髓、牙、牙周膜、硬骨板、板质骨和外层皮质骨的三维有限元模型。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。