髓鞘质的

The differentiation and maturation of SC depend on axon, and the activity of integrins is expressed by axon.

在SC的分化成熟及髓鞘形成的过程中，轴突及细胞外基质的作用不可忽视。

To perform large-scale multiplex analysis of antibody responses to lipids in multiple sclerosis, we developed microarrays composed of lipids present in the myelin sheath, including ganglioside, sulfatide, cerebroside, sphingomyelin and total brain lipid fractions.

我们采用微列阵技术对多发性硬化脂质反应性抗体进行大规模多重分析，微列阵组成包括髓鞘中的脂质，其中包括神经节苷脂、脑硫脂、脑苷脂、鞘磷脂、总的脑脂质。

As time passes, the unconnected myelin is destroyed.

时间长了，这些脱离联系的髓鞘质就会被毁坏。

BACKGROUND: Myelination following axonal regeneration is a key factor affecting the recovery of spinal cord injury.

背景：轴突再生后髓鞘化是影响脊髓损伤后恢复的一个关键性因素，而少突胶质细胞存活的多少直接影响轴突再生后髓鞘化。

CD82 thus appears to be a critical molecule in the regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor migration and myelination.

CD82是调解少突胶质前体细胞迁移髓鞘形成的关键分子。

To explore the mechanism of neuron development retardation and myelination abnormality caused by alcohol,the membrane lipid fluidity of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes which is related to neuron and myelin development were measured by using DPH fluorescence probe.

为探讨酒精所致的神经元分化成熟迟滞和髓鞘形成受阻机制，本文以DPH荧光探针研究了酒精对与神经元和髓鞘发育相关的星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞膜脂质流动性的影响。

Nodes of Ranvier; saltatory conduction; Schwann cells; oligodendrocytes; myelin basic protein; demyelination; remyelination; myelinopathy; myelinogenesis; myelin-associated protein; myelin sheaths; demyelinating neuropathy; myelin proteolytic protein; chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy; multiple sclerosis; MS

郎飞氏结；跳跃传导；施旺细胞；少突神经胶质细胞；髓鞘碱性蛋白脱髓鞘；髓鞘再生；髓鞘质病；髓鞘形成；髓磷脂-关联的蛋白质；髓鞘；脱髓鞘神经病；髓磷脂溶解蛋白的蛋白质；慢性炎症性脱髓鞘多神经根神经病；多发性脑硬化；MS

We introduced improved primary mixed glial culture and different-attachment method to isolate and purify the OPCs, the cells were proliferated in serum-free medium, flow cytometry and immunohischemistry methods were employed to estimate the purity of cultured OPCs. Their abilities of differentiation and expression of trophic factors were identified by RT-PCR and immunostaining. Several methods including TUNEL and MTT were adopted to estimate the protective effects of conditioned culture medium from oligodendrocyte lineage cells on the primary cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Intravitreal transplant of OPCs, combined with retrograde fluorescent labeling the superior colliculus and intraorbital optic nerve transection, were used to investigate the protective effects of OPCs on the axotomized RGCs in vivo. Intravitreal transplantof OPCs or NSCs on the newborn rats, and retinal transplant of OPCs on the young rats were performed, to observe the myelin formation in the retina at different stages after cellular transplantation. Optic nerve transection was carried out on some rats with myelinated retinae, to study the influence of myelination on the injuried RGCs.

为此，本研究采用改良的胶质细胞混合培养与差速贴壁方法获得大鼠OPCs，使用无血清培养基进行扩增、培养，用免疫组织化学和流式细胞技术对培养细胞的纯度进行鉴定，对少突胶质系细胞表达部分营养因子的情况进行检测；采用TUNEL、MTT等方法对少突胶质系细胞条件培养基对原代培养小脑颗粒神经元的保护作用进行检测；将OPCs移植入成年SD大鼠玻璃体内，利用上丘逆行荧光标记技术，观察眼内移植的OPCs对眶内视神经切断时的视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用及其持续时间；将OPCs或NSCs移植入新生和幼年SD大鼠玻璃体或视网膜内，观察不同时期视网膜内髓鞘形成与分布特点，分析髓鞘的超微结构，并观察眼内髓鞘形成对损伤神经节细胞的保护作用。

Results: ApoD was observed positively expressed in type2 astrocytes and oligodendrocytes from O2A lineage, while it was not expressed in type1 astrocytes from T1A lineage. Accordingly, we can verify the phenomenon found in the study of T1A and T2A gene different expression profile that ApoD mRNA was highly expressed in T2A and lowly expressed in T1A. Conclusion: It can be concluded that lipid metabolism related genes such as ApoD play important roles in the generation and differentiation of O2A lineage, which closely correlate with internal mechanism of lipid metabolism in the brain and myelogenesis.［Key words］astrocyte(T1A, T2A); oligodendrocyte; O2A lineage; apolipoproteinApoD

我们已采用基因芯片技术在mRNA水平研究两型星形胶质细胞的基因表达谱差异，发现ApoD在2型星形胶质细胞中差异高表达，故本文拟用激光共聚焦双重免疫荧光标记技术进一步在蛋白质水平观察ApoD在体外分化成熟的两型星形胶质细胞以及少突胶质细胞中的表达情况，以期为我们深入研究ApoD等脂代谢相关基因在脑内脂质代谢和神经髓鞘发育机制中所起的作用提供有用的实验依据，依此探讨胶质细胞发生和分化的信号机制。

A case is made that areas of chronic demyelination arise because of concurrent loss of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and oligodendrocytes and that because of the slow rate of repopulation that occurs in old individuals the recruited OPCs are not exposed to the acute inflammatory environment required to generate remyelinating oligodendrocytes.

一种说法是慢性脱髓鞘的区域产生系因少突胶质原始细胞和少突胶质细胞并存，而且因老年个体中缓慢的再生率，补充的OPCs没有暴露于产生髓鞘再生少突胶质细胞需要的急性炎症的环境。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。