髌上的

Objective To study the effect of treatment of suprapatellar bursitis and inflama- tion of subpatellar fat pad and their correlation.

目的 探讨原发性髌上滑囊炎与髌下脂肪垫炎的治疗及其相关性。

Material and MethodsRA Rabbit Model group: 15 early RA rabbits of the same weight and variety Control group:10 normal rabbits of the same weight and varietyMethods of making RA rabbit model:elect 15 normal rabbits of the same weight and variety, dissolve Ovalbumin in 0.9% sodium chloride solution, to make the solution of 20mg/ml concengtration, blend the same quantity of complete Freund′s Adjuvant equably ,inject the mixed solution into endermic tissue of the rabbit′s scapular section, making the rabbits allergic, inject 1 ml of the mixed solution to one rabbit every time, inject 1 ml of the mixed solution in 5 different places of the rabbit′s scapular section, inject the rabbit one time every week,inject 3 weeks continuously,it turned out to be that the rabbits will be allergic, inject Ovalbumin blent with the 0.9% sodium chloride solution into the knee joint cavity of the rabbits in the fourth week, 5 mg Ovalbumin every knee joint cavity,two knees of every rabbit of the 15 rabbits are both injected,the arthrosis diameter and the exterior temperature of the knees will be added obviously in 24 hours,and they will drop gradually,at the time of the 14th or 21th day, the arthrosis diameter and the exterior temperature of the knees will get to the balance time,the incidence rate of RA is 100%.after the RA model succeeds,it is the early time of RA from the first week to the fourth week,after the fourth week,it is the late time of RA, the cartilage of the femoral condyle and the subchondral bone cortices will be changed unrecoverily.

资料与方法RA模型组：早期RA家兔模型15只，品种及体重接近。对照组：正常家兔10只，品种及体重接近。RA家兔模型制作方法：选取15只成年家兔，体重、品种接近，将卵蛋白溶解于生理盐水，配成浓度为20mg/ml的溶液，与等量完全弗氏佐剂混匀，注入家兔肩胛区皮下致敏，每只家兔每次注射1ml，于肩胛区5个不同区域注射，每周一次，连续注射3周而致敏，第4周向膝关节腔注射卵蛋白生理盐水溶液，每只关节腔注射5mg卵蛋白，15只家兔膝关节全部注射，24h内此关节直径和表面温度大幅度上升，以后缓慢下降，至14～21d达到平台期，发病率达100%。造模成功后第1～4周为早期改变，第4周以后出现不可逆的关节软骨及骨破坏。采用高频超声对RA模型组与对照组的膝关节髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜及股骨髁软骨厚度及软骨下骨皮质的回声情况进行对比观察。结果RA组模型组膝关节髌上囊积液及滑膜的厚度明显厚于对照组，其股骨髁软骨的厚度与对照组相比无明显差异，其软骨下骨皮质与对照组相比无明显改变。

Identify the inferior edge of the vastus medialis and bluntly dissect it off the periosteum and intermuscular septum for a distance of 10 cm proximal to the adductor tubercle. Identify the tendinous insertion of the muscle on the medial patellar retinaculum Fig.

先确认股内侧肌下缘，将其从骨膜和肌间隔表面钝性分离直至收肌结节近端10cm处；再确认肌肉在髌内侧支持带上的腱性附着点(图1-41C)。

Identify the inferior edge of the astus medialis and bluntly dissect it off the periosteum and intermuscular septum for a distance of 10 cm proximal to the adductor tubercle. Identify the tendinous insertion of the muscle on the medial patellar retinaculum Fig.

先确认股内侧肌下缘，将其从骨膜和肌间隔表面钝性分离直至收肌结节近端10cm处；再确认肌肉在髌内侧支持带上的腱性附着点(图1-41C)。

Afterwards, releases were carried on by the sequences: suprapatellar bursa; medial and lateral channel; medial and lateral patellar retinaculum; patella/femoral joint; condyloid socket; medial and lateral chamber; adhesion between femoral and quadriceps.

方法］釆用膝前内、前外及骸骨内上、外上4个5~10mm切口，先松解、扩张髌上囊创造出进入关节镜的空间，依照髌上囊→内、外侧沟→髌骨内、外侧支持带→髌股关节→髁间窝→膝关节内侧室→外侧室→股骨与股四头肌之间的粘连顺序进行松解。

Methods: 28 patients with isolated patellofemoral complications after total knee arthroplasty were scaned by computed tomography. The epicondylar axis and tibial tubercle were used as references to measure rotational alignment of the femoral and tibial components.

28例施行人工全膝关节置换术后出现单纯髌股关节并发症的患者进行膝关节轴位CT扫描，选择股骨髁上轴和胫骨结节作为CT扫描的参考标志来测量股骨假体和胫骨假体的旋转角度，分析旋转稳定性与髌股关节并发症的相关性。

The mechanical properties of the patellar tendon were significantly correlated to its mass density.

结果 髌腱的生物力学性质基于性别上的差异均无显着性，而与其密度呈正相关。

The mechanical properties of the patellar tendon were significantly correlated to its mass density.

结果 髌腱的生物力学性质基于性别上的差异均无显著性，而与其密度呈正相关。

The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of supervised exercise therapy vs usual care for 131 patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, in recovery, pain, and function.

这项研究的目的在於比较监督下的运动治疗与常规照护，对於131位有髌股关节疼痛症候群病患，在恢复、疼痛与功能上的疗效。

But our study suggested that the innervation of knee joint had two layer groups : the superficial layer group and the profunda layer group.

浅层为皮神经，部分干较粗，容易形成皮神经瘤；深层可以分为伸膝肌支膝关节支组成的髌上区组，隐神经分支组成的内侧及髌下区组，腓总神经关节支组成的后外侧区组，月国丛神经组成的月国区组4组。4组神经在关节囊外分布有重叠交叉，但区域明确。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失