髌

Objective:To summarize clinical application of the medial sural artery pedicled muscle flap to cover soft tissue defects on the prepatellar region.

目的：总结腓肠内侧动脉带蒂肌瓣修复髌前软组织缺损的临床应用结果。

Lateral retinacular overlap suture and medial retinacular release could make patella tilt. Three months after operation, Outerbridge Ⅰ～Ⅱ grade cartilage degeneration could be seen in medial articular cartilage of patella.

采用外侧支持带紧缩缝合和内侧支持带松解可以造成山羊髌股关节倾斜，3月后发生以髌骨内侧面OuterbridgeⅠ级和Ⅱ级为主的病变。

KT-2000arthrometer side-to-side difference of anterior displacement was 13% versus 20% in Quadrupled-stranded semitendinosus group and patellar tendon group at 30 pounds.

但是，髌韧带组伸膝角度丧失(≤3°)的机率大于四股半腱肌腱组，分别为40％和6％，P＜0.001，有显著性差异。

Wider access to the joint may be attained in the following ways:(1) by extending the incision proximally,(2) by extending the proximal part of the incision obliquely medially and separating the fibers of the astus medialis,(3) by diiding the medial alar fold and adjacent fat pad longitudinally, and (4) by mobilizing the medial part of the insertion of the patellar tendon subperiosteally.

还可以通过下述方法扩大手术显露：①将切口向近端延长；②将切口近端部分斜向内侧延长并分开股内侧肌纤维；③纵向劈开内侧翼状襞及邻近的脂肪垫；④骨膜下松解髌韧带止点的内侧部分。（缩略图，点击图片链接看原图

Problems from patellofemoral components of TKA graduately replace those from tibiofemoral components, and has been put emphasis for research.

髌股骨元件的问题逐渐取代胫股骨元件的问题成为新近人工膝关节的研究重点，其应力破坏、磨耗、松脱以及磨屑所造成的骨溶解问题正亟待研究人员的投入加以解决。

The models of articulation as seen in the lateralroentgenograms of the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral joints were correlated with the anatomy of surface of distal end of femur.

测量这些圆弧表面的半径、圆弧所对的圆心角以及它们的圆心之间的距离，并且把髌股关节和股胫关节侧位X线片上看到的关节的模型和股骨远端表面的解剖学结构相对应。

Then we discussed the valuation of MRI in detecting cartilage abnormalities. 3. Creation and evaluation to the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral catilage degeneration modle Sixteen goats were used in this experiment.

关节镜下的按照Outerbridge软骨分级标准进行诊断，分析MRI分级和关节镜分级的相关性和SPIR/3D T1-FFE诊断软骨病变的敏感性及特异性，讨论MRI对髌股关节软骨病变诊断的价值。

The radii of these surfaces, the angles they subtened, and the distances between their centers were measured in lateral roentgenograms. The models of articulation as seen in the lateralroentgenograms of the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral joints were correlated with the anatomy of surface of distal end of femur.

测量这些圆弧表面的半径、圆弧所对的圆心角以及它们的圆心之间的距离，并且把髌股关节和股胫关节侧位X线片上看到的关节的模型和股骨远端表面的解剖学结构相对应。

Based on these MRIs, researchers determined how much cartilage loss occurred over time at the two joints of the knee: the tibiofemoral joint, where the thigh bone meets the lower leg bone; and the patellofemoral joint, behind the kneecap.

基于这些，磁共振成像，研究人员确定有多少软骨发生损失随着时间的推移，两个关节膝关节：胫股关节，大腿骨会见小腿骨骼；及髌股关节，后面膑。

Three months later, the surface of the articular was smoother than the sham-operated side. The histological score of cartilage was significantly higher than the sham-operated side in patellofemoral joint group p＜0.05=, in the tibiofemoral group the difference was not obvious.

处理后3月，发现髌股关节组双极射频治疗侧髌骨软骨表面仍光滑，软骨组织评分高于对照侧（p＜0.05）；胫股关节组双极射频治疗侧股骨内髁软骨面的形态比对照侧平整，软骨组织学评分没有显著差异。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失