髌

Objective To study the effect of treatment of suprapatellar bursitis and inflama- tion of subpatellar fat pad and their correlation.

目的 探讨原发性髌上滑囊炎与髌下脂肪垫炎的治疗及其相关性。

No synarthrophysis, wound infection, implant disrupture, screw loose, patellar fracture or vascular nerve injury was observed in three groups of patients; There were 12 cases presenting anterior knee pain in the B-TP-B autograft group and 5 cases presenting posterior knee pain in the semitendinosus tendon graft group.

半腱肌腱重建组5例有不同程度的膝后痛。3组膝周痛发生率的组间差异有显著性意义(P=0)，自体骨-髌腱-骨组最高，半腱肌组次之，异体骨-髌腱-骨最低。3组术后发热时间组间比较发现，异体骨髌腱骨高于自体骨髌腱骨和自体半腱肌组(P=0)。

Material and MethodsRA Rabbit Model group: 15 early RA rabbits of the same weight and variety Control group:10 normal rabbits of the same weight and varietyMethods of making RA rabbit model:elect 15 normal rabbits of the same weight and variety, dissolve Ovalbumin in 0.9% sodium chloride solution, to make the solution of 20mg/ml concengtration, blend the same quantity of complete Freund′s Adjuvant equably ,inject the mixed solution into endermic tissue of the rabbit′s scapular section, making the rabbits allergic, inject 1 ml of the mixed solution to one rabbit every time, inject 1 ml of the mixed solution in 5 different places of the rabbit′s scapular section, inject the rabbit one time every week,inject 3 weeks continuously,it turned out to be that the rabbits will be allergic, inject Ovalbumin blent with the 0.9% sodium chloride solution into the knee joint cavity of the rabbits in the fourth week, 5 mg Ovalbumin every knee joint cavity,two knees of every rabbit of the 15 rabbits are both injected,the arthrosis diameter and the exterior temperature of the knees will be added obviously in 24 hours,and they will drop gradually,at the time of the 14th or 21th day, the arthrosis diameter and the exterior temperature of the knees will get to the balance time,the incidence rate of RA is 100%.after the RA model succeeds,it is the early time of RA from the first week to the fourth week,after the fourth week,it is the late time of RA, the cartilage of the femoral condyle and the subchondral bone cortices will be changed unrecoverily.

资料与方法RA模型组：早期RA家兔模型15只，品种及体重接近。对照组：正常家兔10只，品种及体重接近。RA家兔模型制作方法：选取15只成年家兔，体重、品种接近，将卵蛋白溶解于生理盐水，配成浓度为20mg/ml的溶液，与等量完全弗氏佐剂混匀，注入家兔肩胛区皮下致敏，每只家兔每次注射1ml，于肩胛区5个不同区域注射，每周一次，连续注射3周而致敏，第4周向膝关节腔注射卵蛋白生理盐水溶液，每只关节腔注射5mg卵蛋白，15只家兔膝关节全部注射，24h内此关节直径和表面温度大幅度上升，以后缓慢下降，至14～21d达到平台期，发病率达100%。造模成功后第1～4周为早期改变，第4周以后出现不可逆的关节软骨及骨破坏。采用高频超声对RA模型组与对照组的膝关节髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜及股骨髁软骨厚度及软骨下骨皮质的回声情况进行对比观察。结果RA组模型组膝关节髌上囊积液及滑膜的厚度明显厚于对照组，其股骨髁软骨的厚度与对照组相比无明显差异，其软骨下骨皮质与对照组相比无明显改变。

PTA and FTD at all degrees and FTD at the 18 and 24 degrees of flection can be used to investigate the position of the patellofemoral joint effectively in kinematic MR and we suggest using the PTA, FTD and FTA at the 20 degree of flection in axial plane to study the patellofemoral joint in the future clinic.

动态MRI下的PTA及PTD可以很好的定量评价髌股关节的对合关系，FTD在18及24下也可以用来定量评价髌股关节的对合关系，建议在膝关节屈曲20左右进行MR检查测量PTA、FTD、FTA来定量评价髌股关节。

Failure test and displacement evaluation were used to study the biomechanics of reconstruction of ACL by hamstring tendon knot implant fixation in 13, simple tendon knots, and hamstring tendon knot with bone bolt press fit technique in 5 porcine knees.

本研究采用绳肌腱结嵌压固定法和髌腱骨界面螺钉固定法重建交叉韧带，从生物力学的角度来探讨不同材料与固定方法对固定强度的影响。1 材料与方法1.1 实验材料深低温冷冻保存的猪膝关节 35个模拟交叉韧带重建，常温下解冻，取其胫骨、股骨和髌腱骨复合材料和绳肌腱。

Afterwards, releases were carried on by the sequences: suprapatellar bursa; medial and lateral channel; medial and lateral patellar retinaculum; patella/femoral joint; condyloid socket; medial and lateral chamber; adhesion between femoral and quadriceps.

方法］釆用膝前内、前外及骸骨内上、外上4个5~10mm切口，先松解、扩张髌上囊创造出进入关节镜的空间，依照髌上囊→内、外侧沟→髌骨内、外侧支持带→髌股关节→髁间窝→膝关节内侧室→外侧室→股骨与股四头肌之间的粘连顺序进行松解。

Objective: Patellofemoral malalignment is commen in clinics, and it will lead to chondromalacia.

研究目的髌股关节对合不良是临床常见疾病，可以导致髌股关节软骨的病变，严重影响人们的生活质量。

Methods 27 cases of patellofemoral pain combined with osteoarthritis of patellofemoral joint, chondromalacia of patella, malalignment of patella, sublimation of patella, or excessive lateral pressure syndrome were treated with modified tibial tubercle advancement procedure combined with removing local inflammatory synovium Results The therapeutic effect was excellent and good in 24 out of 27 cases.

分别患有髌股关节炎、髌骨力线不正、髌骨半脱有软骨软化或髌股外侧间隔压力过高综合征等的髌股间疼痛的患者27例，采用发言奶胫骨结节势高术，结合切除局部炎变的滑膜。结果 27例患者中24例疗效优良。

All right hind knees were made in this way: the auterior wall of suprapatellar bursae was scraped, the posterior wall of suprapatellar bursae and the infrapatellar fat pad were cut off.

手术切开右后膝关节，搜刮髌上囊前壁，切除大部分髌上囊后壁滑膜和髌下脂肪垫，术毕用长腿管形石膏固定右后肢膝关节于伸直位。

Patellofemoral alignment were evaluated through MRI in 12 of them. We followed up 34 Cases (37 knees) and compared patellofemoal score with prcoperation, so that we could evaluate the effects of bipolar radiofrequency in the treatment of patellofemoral malalignment.

其12例12膝手术前后进行了MRI检查，对髌股关节对合的变化进行比较分析。34例37膝手术后获得了随访，采用Kujila髌股关节评分法比较了他们在手术前后的髌股关节得分情况。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！