髋臼的

Procure normal 3D finite element model of acetabulum by adding mechanics parameter to the haunch bone model with Ansys software.

正常髋臼及不同面积后壁骨折条件下应力分布情况按设定骨折线在模型上将髋臼后壁进行拆分后获得髋臼后壁1／3、2／3、3／3骨折的三维可视模型和有限元网格模型。

Modify the model by FreeForm software and dissecte the model of haunch bone; import the 3D visible model of haunch bone into Ansys8.0 software. Add mechanics parameter to the haunch bone model, construct 3D finite element model of acetabulum. 2、On the base of common fracture line of acetabular posterior wall fracture in clinical cases, split the acetabular 3D finite element model according to 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 areas fractures of posterior wall after simplify setting, obtain four types of acetabular posterior wall fracture model(including normal condition of acetabulum).

按髋臼骨折Letournel分类标准并根据临床髋臼后壁骨折病例常见骨折线位置，进行简化设定，依次按后壁1／3，2／3，3／3面积骨折将髋臼三维有限元模型后壁进行拆分，获得三种髋臼后壁骨折状态的有限元模型；再模拟双足直立位对髋骨约束设定，分别对后壁正常及不同面积骨折状态模型进行加载，获取各模型应力分布图并记录臼顶负重区、髋臼前壁和剩余后壁在不同后壁骨折状态下应力分布大小及改变。

PartⅢThe study of macrography, histology, pathology and apoptosis After the impactive injury of acetabular cartilageObjective To discuss the change of short and long peoriod for the impactive injury of acetabular cartilage by using different energy,the pathological mechanism of chondral injury and the relation between chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degeneration. Methods fifty-four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into high energy and low energy groups randomly, of which the two groups which were made through the homemade impactive equipment by impacting the right acetabular cartilage of rabbit at 35cm and 15cm with 0.400kg weight vertically and simulating the mechanism of impactive injury of human acetabular cartilage.

方法新西兰大白兔54只，平均年龄6个月，体重2.5±0.5kg，模拟人髋臼软骨冲击伤机制，采用自制冲击装置，用质量为0.400kg的重锤，分别沿导向杆从高35cm和15cm处下滑垂直冲击兔右侧髋臼软骨，建立兔髋臼软骨冲击伤模型，随机分为高能组和低能组，另一组为对照组，每组18只。

Methods Twenty–four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into model group and control group randomly, of which the two groups which were made through the homemade impactive equipment by impacting the right acetabular cartilage of rabbit at 45cm with 0.400kg weight vertically and simulating the mechanism of impactive injury of human acetabular cartilage. Each group was 12.The model group was injected SH.The control group was injected NaCl solution. The observation of macrography, histology (stained by HE, safarnin O and toluidine blue), transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope and the method of TUNEL were made for the three groups that were killed postinjuriously at 4 day and 4 week.

方法新西兰大白兔24只，平均年龄6个月，体重2.5±0.5kg，模拟人髋臼软骨冲击伤机制，采用自制冲击装置，用质量为0.400kg的重锤，沿导向杆从高45cm处下滑垂直冲击兔右侧髋臼软骨，建立兔髋臼软骨冲击伤模型，随机分为模型组和对照组，每组12只。

Methods: Sixty samples of hip were harvested for this study. The width and thickness of labrum were measured on nine positions: midsuperior, anterosuperior 30°, 60°, 90°, 135° and posterosuperior 30°, 60°, 90°, 135°. The positions and size of labral tears were observed and the increasing volume of coxal cavity was measured.

取成人髋关节标本60个，测量髋臼唇在距髋臼顶点前后30°、60°、90°、135°处的宽度和厚度，观察髋臼唇撕裂的位置，测量大小，测量由髋臼唇增加的髋臼腔的容积。

The model had good duplicability and stability through the method of establishing the animal model in which the simple operative method,small wound and convenient nurse was obtained so easilyis that the animal model was spread easily.The study of the change of short and long period was made to provide the experimental base and reason through the animal model.

结论通过自制冲击器冲击兔右侧髋臼软骨，模拟冲击伤机制，初步建立髋臼软骨冲击伤实验动物模型并量化冲击能，通过统计学分析，大体和组织病理学检查，并与国外动物模型相比，本模型重复性和稳定性好，术式操作简单，创伤小，护理方便，易于推广，为研究活体动物髋臼软骨冲击后的短期和长期变化提供实验基础和依据。

Grouping lesional and homeochronous normal hip to pair, dynamic measuring AI and AI in each age groups of lesional and normal hip on before reduction、after reduction 3rd month、6th month、9th month、12th month, describing the characteristics of acetabular development in each age groups on every observation time-points, comparing the difference of lesional acetabular development with normal acetabular physiological development.

并以患侧髋关节与同期健侧髋关节进行配对分组，动态测量各年龄组患儿患、健侧髋关节在复位前、复位后第3、6、9和12个月时的髋臼指数和髋臼深度与宽度比值AI(D/W，描述各年龄组在各时间观察点上髋臼发育的特点，比较患侧髋臼发育与健侧髋臼生理发育的差异。

This three-dimensional image database would be helpful to new recognition of the acetabular, especially, to serve as an important reference base for the operation design and anatomic reconstruction of acetabula.

提示应用反求工程可以建立髋臼三维图像数据库，有助于对髋臼骨形态的重新认识，可为髋臼骨折的手术设计和髋臼缺损的解剖重建提供重要的参考。

The hip images made with MPR showed that the minimum thickness of the medial wall of acetabula ranged from 2.0 mm to 10.9 mm.

MPR 冠状面和轴面成像示髋臼内侧壁最薄处的厚度为2.0 ～ 10.9 mm.15 例单侧脱位患者患侧与健侧髋臼比较，髋臼开口相差2.7 ～ 19.1 mm，深度相差2.3 ～ 13.1 mm。

Methods Acetabular index,CE angle,acetabuar head index and acetabular depth were carefully measured on roentgenograms of 120 developmental dysplasia of the hip cases over 5 years post-operation and 120 normal children whose age were similar to sick children as control group during following-up.

方法对比120例术后5年以上的双髋X光片和随机选择的与随访时年龄相近的120例正常的双髋正位X光片，仔细测量髋臼指数、CE角、臼头指数和髋臼深度，对单侧者还进行双侧对比测量。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。