髋

Modify the model by FreeForm software and dissecte the model of haunch bone; import the 3D visible model of haunch bone into Ansys8.0 software. Add mechanics parameter to the haunch bone model, construct 3D finite element model of acetabulum. 2、On the base of common fracture line of acetabular posterior wall fracture in clinical cases, split the acetabular 3D finite element model according to 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 areas fractures of posterior wall after simplify setting, obtain four types of acetabular posterior wall fracture model(including normal condition of acetabulum).

按髋臼骨折Letournel分类标准并根据临床髋臼后壁骨折病例常见骨折线位置，进行简化设定，依次按后壁1／3，2／3，3／3面积骨折将髋臼三维有限元模型后壁进行拆分，获得三种髋臼后壁骨折状态的有限元模型；再模拟双足直立位对髋骨约束设定，分别对后壁正常及不同面积骨折状态模型进行加载，获取各模型应力分布图并记录臼顶负重区、髋臼前壁和剩余后壁在不同后壁骨折状态下应力分布大小及改变。

The quantitative measurement parameters included:(1) Anterolateral acetabular lip angle, ALAL,(2) Lateral acetabular inclination, LAI,(3) Transverse rotation of the acetabulum, TRA,(4) Spherical index of ossification center of the femoral head,(5) Diameter of ischium in acetabulum center.

在三维图像上，测量髋臼前外侧缘倾斜角、面髋臼上缘倾斜度、臼横向旋转角、骨头骨骺核球形指数，在横断面图像上测量髋臼中心坐骨的厚度；定性观察：根据髂骨部分髋臼上缘的病理变化，把所有异常侧髋臼分为两组，轻型缺损：髋臼上缘清晰可以辨认，重型缺损：髋臼上缘模糊不能辨认，或形成假臼。

For hips, the rate of gross labral tears was about 81.7%, most of them (80%) located in the anterior superior quadrant. The average size of the tears expansion was about 2.5 cm (0.5~4.5 cm). The acetabular labrum could increase of acetabular volume about 33%.

髋臼唇撕裂的发生率为81.7%（49/60例），多发生在髋臼的前上象限(80%)，撕裂的大小为(2.5±0.2)cm (0.5~4.5cm)，髋臼唇可使髋臼腔的容积增加33%。

The excellent and good rate was 89.13%. In the DHS, there were 2 cases with greater trochanter fractures, 1 case with over boring, 2 cases with pulmonary infections, 2 cases with urinary system infection and 1 case with coxa vara. In hollow pressing whorl bolt internal fixation, there were 1 case with coxa vara and 1 case with deep phlebothrombosis.

采用动力髋螺钉固定者术中大转子骨折2例，髋螺钉孔钻孔过深1例，术后发生肺部感染2例，泌尿系感染2例，髋内翻1例；采用空心加压螺钉固定者术后出现髋内翻1例，发生深静脉血栓1例。

Methods: Sixty samples of hip were harvested for this study. The width and thickness of labrum were measured on nine positions: midsuperior, anterosuperior 30°, 60°, 90°, 135° and posterosuperior 30°, 60°, 90°, 135°. The positions and size of labral tears were observed and the increasing volume of coxal cavity was measured.

取成人髋关节标本60个，测量髋臼唇在距髋臼顶点前后30°、60°、90°、135°处的宽度和厚度，观察髋臼唇撕裂的位置，测量大小，测量由髋臼唇增加的髋臼腔的容积。

［Objective］To research the method, curative effect and indications of applying arthroscopy to treat hip disease, and investigate the valuation of arthroscopy on hip disease.［Method］Totally 103 patients (129 hips) were treated with arthroscopy by corresponsive modus operandi according to different pathogenetic conditions from Oct.2001 to Jan. 2007. Among the total cases, 50 hips were osteonecrosis of the femoral head; 8 hips were traumatic hip arthritis; 34 hips were hip osteoarthritis; 9 hips were pigmented villonodular synovitis; 12 hips were hip arthritis of ankylosing spondylitis; 6 hips were chronic synovitis; 6 hips were acetabular labrum injury; 2 hips were hip joint corpus liberum; 2 hips were coxarthropathy with indefinite reasons.

［目的］研究髋关节镜治疗髋关节疾病的方法、疗效及适应证，探讨关节镜在髋关节疾病中的临床价值［方法］2001年10月～2007年1月，采用髋关节镜手术治疗103例（129髋）髋关节疾病，其中股骨头坏死50髋；创伤性髋关节炎8髋；髋关节骨性关节炎34髋；色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎9髋；强脊性髋关节炎12髋；慢性滑膜炎6髋；髋关节盂唇损伤6髋；髋关节游离体2髋；不明原因髋痛2髋。

Grouping lesional and homeochronous normal hip to pair, dynamic measuring AI and AI in each age groups of lesional and normal hip on before reduction、after reduction 3rd month、6th month、9th month、12th month, describing the characteristics of acetabular development in each age groups on every observation time-points, comparing the difference of lesional acetabular development with normal acetabular physiological development.

并以患侧髋关节与同期健侧髋关节进行配对分组，动态测量各年龄组患儿患、健侧髋关节在复位前、复位后第3、6、9和12个月时的髋臼指数和髋臼深度与宽度比值AI(D/W，描述各年龄组在各时间观察点上髋臼发育的特点，比较患侧髋臼发育与健侧髋臼生理发育的差异。

Result The coincident rate and the incoincident rate were 63.23%(group A, 98 hips) and 36.77%(group B, 57 hips) respectively. For loose, dislocation or low back pain, the rate of revision in group A and group B were 6.12% and 29.82% respectively.

结果］旋转中心恢复者98髋(63.23%)，未恢复者57髋(36.77%)；A、B两组中因人工髋关节松动、脱位、髋部痛等行髋关节假体翻修术分别为6髋(6.12%)、17髋(29.82%)。

ResultThe coincident rate and the incoincident rate were 63.23%(group A,98 hips) and 36.77%(group B,57 hips) resp...

结果旋转中心恢复者98髋(63.23%)，未恢复者57髋(36.77%)；A、B两组中因人工髋关节松动、脱位、髋部痛等行髋关节假体翻修术分别为6髋(6.12%)、17髋(29.82%)。

The results were expressed in mean±1SD. Pearson X~2 test and One-way ANOVA test were used. The data analyzed using the SPSS (version 11.5). Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative value of US for the LPEH model on the children cadaver were 88%, 84%, 79%, 91%, respectively. With regard to the thickness of femora head cartilage, the thickness of the anterior layer or posterior layer, there were no significant differences among three groups. However, the anterior layer was thicker than the posterior layer in three groups. The fluid in hip joint was detected in all of 21 symptomatic hips, which was clear commonly (90%) in early procedure. The amount of fluid in anterior recess showed a positive correlation with age (p .05). No fluid was detected in the asymptomatic and normal hips (2mm). The mean maximum width of inferomedial recess was significantly larger than that of anterior recess (12.50±4.04mm vs.4.35±0.8mm, p 0.05) in the symptomatic hip joints. The echogenic entrapped labral plicaes were demonstrated in the inferomedial recess in all of 21 children with LPEH, whose length and width ranged from 5.3mm-25.0mm (mean,15.6±5.6mm) and from 4.0mm-17.0mm (mean,8.9±7.8mm).

结果1，尸体LPEH髋关节模型的超声诊断敏感性、特异性分别为88％、84％，阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为79％、91％。2，21例患儿的LPEH患髋(21侧)、健髋(21侧)，以及21例正常儿童健髋(42侧)的超声检查显示：髋关节周围软组织及股骨头无形态结构差别；股骨头软骨厚度无统计学差异(3.5±0.5mm vs.3.6±0.4mm vs.3.6±0.5mm，p＞0.05)；关节囊前层及后层厚度无统计学差异(前层厚度2.79±0.74 mm vs.2.56±0.40mm vs.2.56±0.72mm；后层厚度2.70±0.82mm vs.2.48±0.54mm vs.2.44±0.58mm，p＞0.05)，但LPEH患髋关节囊前、后层均较后二组有增厚趋势。3，LPEH患髋均存在关节腔内积液，且早期较为清晰；积液以髋关节内下间隙明显，内下间隙较前间隙明显增宽(12.50±4.04mm vs.4.35±0.8mm，p＜0.05)，其内见嵌顿滑膜唇皱襞呈稍强回声的占位性团块，长约15.6±5.6mm，宽约8.9±7.8mm，90.5％(19／21)嵌顿皱襞内未见血流信号。4，所有LPEH患髋治疗后超声复诊均显示正常。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐