骨软骨赘

During the process of osteophyte formation mesenchymal cells covering the periosteal bone surface proliferate and differentiate into chondroblasts and osteoblasts, which build up cartilage and bone matrix.

在骨赘形成过程中，覆盖骨膜骨的间充质细胞增生、分化为软骨母细胞和成骨细胞，后两者构建了软骨和骨基质。

Through dynamic observation in the morphology with a microscope, we first proved that osteophyte arises from the proliferation of peripheral articular cartilage and further endochondral ossification.

我们在显微镜下通过对骨赘形成的动态观察，首次证明骨赘是由周边关节软骨细胞增殖，再经软骨内化骨而形成的。

More advanced disease is manifested by severe joint space narrowing, marked osteophyte formation at the joint margins, dense sclerosis of subchondral bone, and subchondral cysts.

更严重的疾病，表现为关节间隙更窄狭，在关节边缘有明显骨赘形成，软骨下骨坚实硬化以及软骨下囊肿。

More advanced disease is manifested by severe joint ace narrowing, marked osteophyte formation at the joint margi , de e sclerosis of subchondral bone, and subchondral cysts.

更严重的疾病，表现为关节间隙更窄狭，在关节边缘有明显骨赘形成，软骨下骨坚实硬化以及软骨下囊肿。

Osteoarthritis of the facet joints is similar to that of all diarthrodial joints, which displayed many changes such as cartilaginous surface defects, subchondral bone sclerosis, osteophyte formation, narrow capsule, apophyseal misalignment, and synovial hyperplasia.

腰小关节骨性关节炎同其他关节的骨性关节炎一样，表现为软骨面的病损，软骨下骨的硬化及骨赘形成，关节腔狭窄，关节囊增厚及滑膜增生等改变。

According to the different pathological changes, clearing synovium, biting off or gouging cataplasis cartilage, trimming asperous articular surface and sclerotin surface, stripping hyperplastic osteophyma, drilling under the cartilage to decompress, biting off and gouging injury glenoid labrum, dislodging corpus liberum, lavaging articular cavity with physiological saline and other therapeutic tools were applied.

根据不同病变情况，镜下采取清理滑膜、咬除或刨削退变的软骨、修整不平的关节面和骨质面、磨除增生的骨赘、软骨下微钻孔减压、咬除并修整损伤盂唇、取出游离体、生理盐水灌洗关节腔等治疗手段。

Osteoarthritisis a non-specific inflammation which is mainly characterized by the changes in the cartilage; it could result in subchondral bone necrosis,cystis degeneration,bone mineral densityincrease and the osteophyte formation.

骨关节炎是以软骨改变为主要特征，进而造成软骨下骨坏死、囊性变、骨密度增加和伴发骨赘形成的一种非特异性炎症。

Methods selective and limited minimally invasive debridement under arthroscope was applied to 54 patients with osteoarthritis of knee joint; hyperplasia of inflammatory synovial membrane and abrasion of anterior cruciate ligament were chipped or vaporized with radiofrequency, the corpus liberum were taken out, cartilage was scoured into certain shape; excision or partial excision were performed to hyperplastic intercondyloid spine, osteophyma and menisci; intercondyloid fossa was formed.results 45 cases were followed up for an average of 18 months (from 6 months to 24 months); the clinical symptoms of most cases released obviously and the joint function improved.conclusions minimally invasive debridement under arthroscope can effectively release oa symptoms, improve joint function and raise the quality of life.

对54例膝关节骨性关节炎患者进行关节镜下选择性、有限化微创清理术。手术内容包括刨削或射频汽化增生的炎性滑膜组织和前交叉韧带磨损、游离体取出、软骨打磨成形、增生髁间棘切除、部分骨赘切除、半月板部分切除、髁间窝成形。结果随诊45例，平均18个月（6～24月），大多数患者临床症状明显缓解，关节功能改善。结论关节镜微创清理术可有效缓解oa症状，改善关节功能，提高生活质量。骨关节炎；膝关节；关节镜检查

In the MRI group, MR images were taken and assessed for location and severity of defects of cartilage by Noyes classification, osteophytes, subchondral cysts, sclerosis, meniscal and/or ligamentous tears.

MRI组根据MRI影像诊断软骨缺损的部位，对软骨缺损严重程度进行Noyes分级，对韧带、半月板、骨赘和软骨下骨囊腔改变情况进行评定，并诊断是否属于前内侧骨关节病变。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。