骨软骨肉瘤

There was neither cyclin D1 nor cdk4 expression in chondroma of the jaws.

Cyclin D1和cdk4在颌骨软骨肉瘤过表达且与其发生和发展有关。

Objective To analyze the expression and significance of E2F-1 in chondrosarcoma of the jaws.

目的分析E2F-1在颌骨软骨肉瘤中的表达及意义。

AIM To analyze the expression and significance of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) in chondrosarcoma of the jaws.

目的 分析细胞周期素依赖激酶4（CDK4）在颌骨软骨肉瘤的表达及意义。

E2F- 1 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 20 cases of chondrosarcoma and 8 cases of osteochondroma of the jaws.

方法利用免疫组化ABC法检测E2F-1在20例颌骨软骨肉瘤和8例骨软骨瘤中的表达。

METHODS CDK4 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 20 cases of chondrosarcoma, 8 cases of osteochondroma and 8 cases of hyperosteogeny of the jaws.

利用免疫组化法检测CDK4在20例颌骨软骨肉瘤、8例骨软骨瘤和8例骨质增生中的表达。

the results indicate that cyclin d1 and cdk4 are overexpressed in chondrosarcoma of the jaws and closely correlated with its development.

cyclin d1和cdk4在颌骨软骨肉瘤过表达且与其发生和发展有关。

Our findings demonstrate that in conjunction with clinical and radiographic findings, immunohistochemical evaluation with a panel of D2-40, EMA, brachyury, and GFAP is most useful in distinguishing chordoid meningioma from chordoid glioma, skeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, chordoma, low-grade chondrosarcoma, and enchondroma. A lack of strong, diffuse S100 reactivity may also be useful in excluding chordoid meningioma.

我们的结果表明，结合临床和影像学资料，D2-40、EMA、brachyury和GFAP这样一个免疫标记组合就能很好地鉴别脊索样脑膜瘤和脊索样胶质瘤、骨的黏液样软骨肉瘤、骨外的黏液样软骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、低级别软骨肉瘤、内生性软骨瘤。S100染色不强烈、不弥漫也有助于排除脊索样脑膜瘤的诊断。

EMA was the most effective antibody for differentiating chordoid meningioma from skeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, low-grade chondrosarcoma, and enchondroma, whereas D2-40 was the most effective antibody for differentiating chordoid meningioma from extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma and chordoma.

EMA是鉴别脊索样脑膜瘤和骨的黏液样软骨肉瘤、低级别软骨肉瘤、内生性软骨瘤最有效的抗体，而D2-40则是鉴别脊索样脑膜瘤和骨外黏液样软骨肉瘤、脊索瘤最有效的抗体。

Staining extent and intensity were evaluated semiquantitatively and mean values for each parameter were calculated. Immunostaining with D2-40 showed positivity in 100% of skeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas, 96% of enchondromas, 95% of low-grade chondrosarcomas, 80% of chordoid meningiomas, and 75% of chordoid gliomas. Staining with S100 demonstrated diffuse, strong positivity in all (100%) chordoid gliomas, skeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas, low-grade chondrosarcomas, and enchondromas, 94% of chordomas, and 81% of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas, with focal, moderate staining in 40% of chordoid meningiomas.

我们半定量地评估了这些免疫染色的广度和强度，并且计算了它们各自的平均值。D2-40阳性表达于100%例骨的黏液样软骨肉瘤、96%例内生性软骨瘤、95%例低级别软骨肉瘤、80%例脊索样脑膜瘤和75%例脊索样胶质瘤。S100染色弥漫且强烈地表达于所有的（100%）脊索样胶质瘤、骨的黏液样软骨肉瘤、低级别软骨肉瘤和内生性软骨瘤，94%例脊索瘤，81%例骨外黏液样软骨肉瘤，还有，局灶性、中度表达于40%例黏液样脑膜瘤。

In this study, immunohistochemical staining was performed with antibodies against D2-40, S100, pankeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, brachyury, and glial fibrillary acidic protein in 4 cases of chordoid glioma, 6 skeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas, 10 chordoid meningiomas, 16 extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, 18 chordomas, 22 low-grade chondrosarcomas, and 27 enchondromas.

本研究中，我们给4例脊索样胶质瘤、6例骨的黏液样软骨肉瘤、10脊索样脑膜瘤、16例骨外黏液样软骨肉瘤、18例脊索瘤、22例低级别软骨肉瘤和27例内生性软骨瘤做了D2-40、S100、pankeratin、上皮膜抗原、brachyury和胶质纤维酸性蛋白的免疫组化染色。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。