骨端

Results: In the 23 cases of disease group, 16 cases were unilateral and 7 cases were bilateral. X-ray examination showed local prominence between ischium and pubis in all cases. Lamellar changes of the bone inhomogeneous in density with round translucence were found in 8 cases accompanied with intact cortex. Mild osseous hyperplasia was found in 8 cases without changes of periosteum and soft tissues. CT examination of 8 cases presented with local prominence between iscbium and pubis, translucence, cataclasm, discontiguous osteal cortex with irregular ends, sclerotic medullary cavity of honey surroundings, but no sequestration and changes of periosteum and soft tissues. The above-mentiooed X-ray features appeared in 14 cases among normal group, bilateral in 3 cases.

结果：病变组23例中，16例为单侧，7例为双侧。X线表现为坐骨耻骨结合处局限性骨膨隆，8例有层状改变，病变区内密度不均，有类圆形低密度透光影，骨皮质完整，8例周围骨质轻度增生，未见骨膜反应和软组织改变。8例CT表现为坐骨耻骨结合处局部膨大，其内有低密度透光区，有碎裂，骨皮质连续性中断，断端边缘欠整齐，邻近的髓腔轻度硬化，无明显的死骨和骨膜反应，邻近的软组织正常；正常组中14例出现上述X线改变，其中3例为双侧性。

NON-UNIT bone from the left shoulder to right shoulder bone end.

总肩宽；由左肩骨外端量至右肩骨外端。

Begin the incision oer the anterolateral aspect of the leg medial to the fibula and 5 cm proximal to the ankle joint. Carry it distally oer the joint, the anterolateral aspect of the body of the talus, and the calcaneocuboid joint and end it at the base of the fourth metatarsal Fig.

切口起自腓骨内侧、踝关节近端5cm处的小腿前外侧面，向远端延长跨过踝关节、距骨体前外侧以及跟骰关节，终于第四跖骨基底部(图1-28A)。

Then, anastomose extensor indicis proprius having vessel with distal branch proximal, anastomose deltal distal postenior interosseous having vessel with ulnar nerve deep branch through tunnal at fore-arm, Cutting self skin nerve for right length, anatomose distal posterior interosseous distant part with thenar branch through skin nerve cutted.

用带血管蒂的示指固有伸肌支与终末支近端吻合，将带血管蒂的骨间后神经终末支通过隧道在前臂掌侧与尺神经深支直接吻合；切取自体皮神经合适长度，将骨间后神经终末支远端通过切取的皮神经与鱼际肌支相吻合。

From April 2003 to February 2008, a total of 36 patients (39 limbs) suffered from refractory bone nonunion were studied, there were 22 males and 14 females with an average age of 51.5 years (range, 15~71 years). The nonunion occurred in 19 tibia, 9 humeri, 7 femora, and 4 radius or ulnae. The nonunion experienced operation for 1 to 4 times (average, 2. 5 times). The fracture gaps were4.5~36 mm (average, 16.5 mm) according to X-rays measurement before operation. The shortened length of lower limb was 5-40 mm (average, 21 mm).

方法］2003年4月－2008年2月，共收治四肢难治性骨不连36例39肢，男22例，女14例；年龄15~71岁，平均51.5岁；胫骨19肢，肱骨9肢，股骨7肢，尺、桡骨4肢；治疗骨不连手术次数1~4次，平均2.5次；术前X线片骨不连骨断端距离：4.5~36mm，平均16.5mm；下肢短缩距离：5~40mm，平均21mm。

All rats were sacrificed at 12 weeks after operation. the macro-pathological changes of samples were graded by mankin's scale.bone mineral density of right distal femoras and femora condyles were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanner.

术后12周处死动物取材，采用mankin评分系统评分；用双能骨密度仪测量右侧股骨远端1/4骨密度和股骨内外侧髁软骨下骨的骨密度；右侧股骨髁脱钙后切片，行番红&o&染色和mmp-13免疫组化染色；右侧胫骨近端做硬组织切片，测量软骨下松质骨的骨组织形态计量学参数。

All of the studies evaluated the use of calcium phosphate cement for the treatment of metaphyseal fractures occurring primarily through trabecular, cancellous bone.

所有研究评价磷酸钙骨水泥治疗干骺端松质骨骨折。3个研究的对照组为自体骨移植，其它的研究对照组没有使用骨移植材料。

The periosteum of the femoral Metaphysis in aged rat, the RANK mRNA expressed was less than those in the bone of 12-week-old rat, in the trabecular bones, the expressing of RANK was stronger in the ovariectomized rats than in the sham-groups.

在老年雌性大鼠的股骨干骺端皮质骨外膜中RANK的表达较12周鼠龄的股骨干骺端中RANK的表达减弱，骨内膜中RANK的表达在不同的鼠龄中变化不明显。

The main pathological changes of complicated fracture of proximal humerus of the elderly people are osteoporosis and bone defect of fracture site,bone graft pedestaling in cavitas medullaris and internal fixation can recover or reconstruct the normal anatomy of proximal humerus,also make for bone union and function recovery of shoulderjoint,which is an effective approach for treatment of complicated fracture of proximal humerus for the elderly people.

老年人肱骨近端复杂骨折，其主要病理变化是骨质疏松和骨折部位骨缺损，髓内支撑植骨内固定能够恢复或重建肱骨近端正常解剖关系，有利于骨折愈合和肩关节功能恢复，是老年肱骨近端复杂骨折有效治疗方法。

Proximal and distal centralisers facilitate reproducible creation of a complete, uniform, cement mantle.27 The benefits of contemporary cementing techniques have been shown in the Swedish hip register,28 and very good mid-to-long-term results have been published.

近端和远端的中置器促进形成完全、均匀的骨水泥套。瑞典髋关节登记系统显示，现代骨水泥技术有着极好的中、长期临床疗效。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。