骨端

Methods:Twelve patients with fresh transverse fracture of patella were reviewed in the study.The hemarthrosis,blood clot,fracture fragments and soft tissues between them were cleared with arthroscopy.With the help of C-arm X-ray,the fracture was reduced with manipulation method.After the articular facet reached anatomical reduction,two Kirschners were inserted percutaneously from proximal end to distal end of fracture to fix the fragments,Two hollow screw were put along the approach of Kirschners,and tension band fixation was performed with the shape of "8".Results:All the patients were followed up averagely 12.4 months.

12例新鲜髌骨横骨折患者通过关节镜清理关节腔内的血凝块、碎骨块和骨折块之间嵌顿的软组织，直视下观察骨折复位情况以指导骨折复位固定，在C形臂X线透视下帮助骨折复位，关节镜观察关节面解剖复位后，经皮从近折端向远折端平行打入2枚克氏针固定骨折块，顺克氏针拧入2枚中空螺钉，拔除克氏针，顺螺钉空心导入钢丝，行张力带&8&字固定。

We reconstructed the 3-D and virtual endoscopy image about nasal septum, frontal area of the apertura of sphenoidal sinus, sphenopalatine foramen, sphenopalatine artery and sphenoidal sinus use Volume Rendering, Multiplanar Reformation, Virtual Endoscopy and Curved Planar Reformat, and measured and ,about undertaked The nose, nasal septum, sphenopalatine artery, anterior region of the aperture of sphenoidal sinus, sphenopalatine artery and adjacent structures of hypophysial fossa were dissected, observed, measured and analysised the dependency anatomic structure at the same time.

结果： 一、标本解剖 1、鼻孔长径11.32±0.82(10.2~13.2)mm，鼻孔短径7.85±1.21(5.2~9.8)mm。鼻中隔厚度在前、中、后部分别为5.02±0.42(3.8~5.4)mm、5.57±0.47(4.5~6.4)mm、5.55±0.55(4.8~6.4) mm。 2、鼻中隔骨与软骨交界处距前鼻棘21.26±2.47(18.1~27.6)mm，距鼻孔内侧缘中点33.72±3.52(27.1~40.6)mm，距鼻小柱30.12±2.84(26.9~36.8)mm，距蝶窦口下缘38.04±3.49(32.4~45.1)mm，距后鼻孔41.82±3.96(36.9~50.1)mm。四方软骨中部厚度、边缘厚度、前后径、上下径分别为：1.12±0.13(0.92~1.42)mm、1.28±0.24 (0.83~1.67)mm、30.93±4.52(24.9~40.6)mm、29.94±2.14(24.8~34.3)mm。 3、蝶窦口长5.64±0.39(4.92~5.94)mm，宽3.58±0.22(3.10~3.96)mm，距上鼻甲尾部9.5±0.9(8.5~12.1)mm，距上鼻道未端14.5±1.1(12.5~16.4)mm，距中鼻甲尾

Methods:Animal models of 25 adult mixed breed dogs were established by transverse osteotomy at bilateral iliopectineal crest,which were fixed with ATMFS anterior column connector and steel plate respectively. The animals were examined at 2,4,6,8,and 12 weeks by X-ray,macropathological observation and biomechanical test. Tetracin fluorescent labeling,HE staining,Masson triad colour staining,in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical method were performed and histological image analysis were applied.

建立犬双侧骨盆弓状线骨折的动物模型，分别采用ATMFS前柱固定器和5孔重建钢板内固定，于术后2、4、6、8、12周分别行影像学检查、大体观察及生物力学测试；采用四环素荧光标记法、HE染色、Masson三色染色法、原位杂交法、免疫组织化学法进行组织学观察并图像分析；采用RT-PCR法检测骨折端不同时期骨钙蛋白和核心转录因子mRNA相对表达量的变化。

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Physiological pressure-measuring instrument was used to detect and compare the intraosseous pressure of bilateral distal femoral medullary canal of the model and control groups.

主要观察指标：①使用生理测压仪，测量对照组和模型组术后不同时间点动物双侧股骨远端骨内压，并进行比较。

Results］Parameters of mediolateral ,medial and latera anteroposteriordimensions and the aspect ratio of the resect proximal tibia surface were obtained. The parameters were confirmed by statistics analysis.［Conclusion］The geometry and anatomy of the knee in Chinese people have significant differences from the western people.

结果］获取正常胫骨近端截面内外侧前后径、横径、前后径与横径的比值，内外侧前后径、横经、前后径与横径的比值在不同性别的差异具有统计学意义，内外侧前后径、前后径与横径的比值在不同截骨面高度的差异具有统计学意义。

LISS is an effective and minimally invasive internal fixation method for treatment of proximal tibia fractures with less complication.

结论LISS对胫骨近端骨折是一种有效的微创内固定治疗方法，术中不需植骨，术后并发症少。

OBJECTIVE: To explore the significance of telomere length diversifies in the chronic compartment syndrome in lumbosacral region.

目的：探讨端粒长度变化在腰骶部慢性骨筋膜间隔综合征中的意义。

The abnormal condition of telomere is involved in chronic compartment syndrome in lumbosacral region.

端粒的异常状态参与腰骶部慢性骨筋膜间隔综合征的发生。

Interfragmentary technique (see Chapter 50) should be used for screw fixation of the medial malleolus to proide compression across the osteotomy site.

内踝的螺丝钉固定应使用骨折断端间加压技术(见50章)，以在截骨面上加压。

Interfragmentary technique (see Chapter 50) should be used for screw fixation of the medial malleolus to provide compression across the osteotomy site.

内踝的螺丝钉固定应使用骨折断端间加压技术(见50章)，以在截骨面上加压。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。