骨突

Objective To analysis the complications caused by technique of intraoral Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy for correction of mandibular prognathism and how to prevent them from occurring.

目的：探讨应用下颌升支矢状劈开截骨术矫治下颌前突并发症的原因及预防措施。

Key Words: Postoperative Stability, Mandibular Prognathism

所以，我们认为改良式下颚枝垂直截骨术，很适合来治疗下颚前突较为严重的患者。

Thirty-two patients( 9 males and 23 females ), treated for absolute mandibular prognathism by modified intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy, were evaluated cephalometrically at least two-years postoperatively.

中文摘要下颚前突症是下颚骨过度生长所致，其颜面特徵与发生率随种族不同而有所差异，除了外貌的问题之外，咀嚼功能的障碍、发音问题、人际关系与心理因素都是患者求助治疗的原因。

Results Different chin convexity and radian mainly showed characteristic of chin soft tissue profile.

结果：不同骨面型患者颏部软组织形态特征主要表现在颏部的突度和弧度的不同。

These abnormalities are secondary to the Arnold-Chiari malformation and include frontal bone scalloping, and obliteration of the cisterna magna with either an "absent" cerebellum or abnormal anterior curature of the cerebellar hemispheres.

这些颅脑的异常是继发于Arnold-Chiari畸形的，包括额骨扇形畸变，小脑延髓池闭塞，或小脑呈现异常后突。

objectiveto explore the drain way to tear with inferior lacrimal passage ruined critically.methodsthe special silicon tube whose bore 1mm and diameter 2mm was inserted between conjunctival sac and nasal vestibule,the tube was placed under the soft tissue of bucco-nasal groove and in the surface of the protrusion of upper jaw bone.resultsthere were 32 patients who undergone tube above five years.one patient of them was pulled out the tube because of papilloma hyperplasia,the other patient was pulled out the tube with the tube slide below,and the rest 30 patients kept the drain well and co

目的探讨下泪道破坏严重时泪液引流途径。方法在结膜囊-鼻前庭间安置一个内径1mm、外径2mm的特制硅胶导管，此管置于鼻颊沟软组织下，上颌骨前突表面。结果治疗32例，观察5年以上，其中1例因结膜乳头状瘤增生而拔管，1例因导管下滑而拔管，30例引流良好，病人亦能耐受。本文就引流机制、并发症、机体耐受问题和操作进行了详细地讨论。结论泪道外插管是下泪道严重损害时泪液引流的一种较好的解决方法。皮下；结膜鼻腔造瘘术；硅胶导管

The dotted line indicates the level of the spinous process osteotomy.

虚线表示棘突截骨的位置。

Flouroscopic image of special bone pins implanted into adjacent spinous processes of a functional spinal unit and accelerometers mounted in place externally.

Flouroscopic引脚形象植入到邻近的特殊骨棘突脊柱的功能单位和加速度计的地方安装在外部。

Methods Through scalp coronal incision, the zygoma was desected and shifted medially and laterally so as to lower the contour of zygomatic bone. Subperiosteal rhytidectomy was performed simultaneously to remodify the facial skeleton and soft tissue.

采用头皮冠状切口入路，将颧骨、颧弓截断向内上方移位，降低颧突及颧弓高度，同期行骨膜下除皱术，对面部骨支架与软组织重新塑形。

Results: Lateral extradural approach could be used to expose the second and third branches of trigeminal nerve,trigeminal ganglion,posterior vertical segment of the intrapetrosal ICA,abducent nerve and horizontal segment of the intrapetrosal ICA;lateral intradural approach could be used to expose the lateral,anteroinferior and posterosuperior venous spaces,almost all the cranial nerves within the cavernous sinus and horizontal segments of the intracavernous ICA;superior approach could be used to expose the medial,lateral and posterosuperior venous spaces,medial side of the anterior genu,anterior vertical and clinoidal segments of the intracavernous ICA and the lateral side of the hypophysis.

结果：外侧硬膜外入路可用于显露三叉神经第2、3支，三叉神经节，海绵窦内颈内动脉后垂直段，外展神经及岩骨颈内动脉水平段；侧方硬膜下入路可用于显露海绵窦外侧及前下，后上静脉间隙，以及所有走行在海绵窦内的颅神经和海绵窦内颈内动脉水平段；上方入路可用于显露海绵窦内侧、外侧及后上间隙，海绵窦内ICA水平段、前膝、前垂直段及床突段的内侧面，以及垂体的外侧面。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了