骨硬化

Cystic and expansile changes, 1 cystic, 1 expansive, 2 osteolytic, 6 irregularly thickened bony cortex, 5 surrounding bone sclerosis, 2 periosteal reaction, 2 spotty calcification, 3 irregular crest of bone in lesion and 4 soft tissue mass.

骨皮质不规则增厚6例，病变周围骨质增生硬化5例，伴骨膜反应2例，病变区内见斑点状钙化2例，有不规则骨嵴3例，软组织肿块4例。

Compared with ears treated by oral stapedectomy with original stapes, ears treated by small fenestra stapedotomy and stapes mobilization or elevation, more decreased air-bone gap and lower rates of post-operative sensorineural hearing loss and dizziness at high frequencies were found.

3种术式在提高耳硬化症患者的听力方面均具有较好的疗效，其中以足板小孔开窗术疗效最佳，其次是镫骨撼动或提高术，并且在减少术后并发症方面均优于镫骨全切除术。

More advanced disease is manifested by severe joint space narrowing, marked osteophyte formation at the joint margins, dense sclerosis of subchondral bone, and subchondral cysts.

更严重的疾病，表现为关节间隙更窄狭，在关节边缘有明显骨赘形成，软骨下骨坚实硬化以及软骨下囊肿。

More advanced disease is manifested by severe joint ace narrowing, marked osteophyte formation at the joint margi , de e sclerosis of subchondral bone, and subchondral cysts.

更严重的疾病，表现为关节间隙更窄狭，在关节边缘有明显骨赘形成，软骨下骨坚实硬化以及软骨下囊肿。

The osteoid osteoma was found to have a circular or oval radiolucency which was less than 2 cm in diameter with different degrees of bone sclerosis around the nidus. Of the 9 cases, 5 showed an irregular area with less density on plain X-ray film. CT scanning showed nidus in all cases. MRI showed nidus in 1 case. Radioactive scanning showed radioactive concentration in 4 cases.

骨样骨瘤的影像学表现为一圆形或卵圆形的透亮区，直径cm，其周围有不同程度的骨质硬化。9例X线平片仅5例发现不规则密度减低区，9例CT均清楚显示病灶瘤巢； 1例MRI也观察到类似瘤巢的改变。4例同位素检查均表现为病变区核素浓聚现象。

A disease of the ear in which the movement of the stapes within the oval window becomes impeded by abnormal deposits of spongy bone, leading to a progressive loss of hearing.

耳硬化症一种因松质骨发生病态淤积阻塞了锉骨在耳蜗窗内的运动的耳病，可导致渐进性耳聋

Osteoarthritis of the facet joints is similar to that of all diarthrodial joints, which displayed many changes such as cartilaginous surface defects, subchondral bone sclerosis, osteophyte formation, narrow capsule, apophyseal misalignment, and synovial hyperplasia.

腰小关节骨性关节炎同其他关节的骨性关节炎一样，表现为软骨面的病损，软骨下骨的硬化及骨赘形成，关节腔狭窄，关节囊增厚及滑膜增生等改变。

The sclerosed cortex was removed at both ends of the nonunion long bone. A suitable length of fibula plate were transplanted by screw with or without internal fixator plates.

去除骨不连的两断段硬化骨质，切取适当长度的游离腓骨骨板，用螺丝钉或钢板内固定。

Patients in later series had neither risk factors for osteonecrosis nor osteonecrosis at other extraskeletal sites; instead osteoporosis and significant cardiovascular morbidity/atherosclerosis was found in most of the patients.6,19,21 Other findings suggesting an ischemic etiology in these patients is absent enhancement on MRI of the affected vertebrae,7,15,20 "ischemic bone" noted intraoperatively,14 and vertebral body biopsies demonstrating reactive bone/fibrosis and occasionally osteonecrosis and hyalinized marrow.

以后病例系列中的患者既没有引起骨坏死的因素，在其它地方也没有出现骨坏死，而是骨质疏松症和显著的心血管疾病/动脉粥样硬化发病率[6，19，21]，其他的发现表明，在这些患者受影响的椎体上MRI不会出现增强影[7，15，20]，术中可看到&缺血性的骨块&[14]，椎体活检可看到有活性的骨/纤维化，有时可见骨坏死和玻璃样变[8，11，14，16，17，30，31]。

Results: All lesions showed classical features on CT with varying degree of matrix mineralisation, 8 of 10 located at attached bone of vertebral b...

结果：全部10例骨母细胞瘤病灶内部CT表现均为典型的斑点状或沙粒状骨化，10例中有8例位于附件骨，7例表现有周围不连续的硬化带，3例受累骨密度普遍增高，2例出现附近软组织肿胀影。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。