骨传导

(1) The input of the internal fixation implant should be in accordance with the compressive trabeculae and be clingy with the femoral calcar, Abduction in small degree (10-30°) will improve the stress in femoral neck region. The stress distribution of the femur under extemal violence explained why the old people are easy to get the middle and low part fractures of the femoral neck and intertrochanteric fractures.(2) The finite element model of femoral neck fracture is good in orrowing various fixation methods for femoral neck fracture.

(1)三维有限元方法用于研究不规则物体是一种有效、准确的数值方法，不仅能考虑到所研究物体的几何形状，而且也考虑到物体的内部结构特性；股骨颈处的压力骨小梁和股骨距是重要的承载结构，内固定物的放置应循压力骨小梁方向尽量紧贴股骨距钻入；载荷主要通过压力骨小梁和股骨距传导至股骨干的中下1/3处；一定角度的下肢外展（10-30°）会较明显的增加股骨颈区的应力，而下肢的内收反而会减小此区的应力；暴力作用时股骨上端应力分布特点从生物力学角度说明老年人易于发生股骨颈中下段骨折和转子间骨折的原因。

On the fracture section, three strain gauges were put above the pins of groups fixed with external fixator. The gauges were recorded when the femurs were loaded vertically. Results (1) The compressive trabeculae and femoral calcar in the femoral neck region are the main load-bearing construction. The contract of the abductor muscle can protect the hip joint. When the model femur was abducted in small degree (10-30°), the stress improved gradually with the abductor angle. But adduction of the model will gradually decrease the stress in that area. When external violence was put on it, the main stress distribution was on the upper femur, which was in the middle and lower part of the femoral neck and between greater trochanter and lesser trochanter.

同时在④⑤两组又应用电阻应变片贴于断端间的三枚斯氏针上方以测定钢针上的应力与应变结果(1)股骨颈处的压力骨小梁和股骨距是重要的承载结构；载荷的传导主要通过压力骨小梁和股骨距由股骨颈区传至股骨干的中下1/3处；外展肌力的收缩对髋关节有一定的保护作用；在小角度外展实验中（10-30°）股骨颈区的应力递增，超过30°时股骨颈区的应力又逐渐减小，但在内收实验中随角度增大股骨颈处应力呈递减趋势；当外界暴力作用时，应力主要集中在股骨上段，即股骨颈中下段和大小转子处及其之间。

Thirty-seven percent of the femora demonstrated stress-transfer bone remodeling at fifteen years.

其中37％在15年后出现压力传导骨的改建。

Implant remained stable, but limited surface is aailable for stress transfer and bone ingrowth.

假体虽稳定，但可用作应力传导和骨长入的表面有限。

Further, 1 case with COM had a non-healing perforation and 1 case with cholesteatoma had the complication of labyrinthitis. CONCLUSION: The overall outcome of non-cholesteatoma cases showed efficient improvement of hearing by skillfully performed ossiculoplasty. Of the cholesteatoma cases, hearing was reconstructed after removing ossicles for disease eradication.

藉由施行听小骨成形手术，来重建中耳腔疾病所导致的传导性听障，在临床的预后方面，对於非胆脂瘤的患者在熟练的手术技巧下，可以增进病患的听力；而胆脂瘤患者在根除肿瘤外，可以在听小骨拆除后来重建听力。

To find out more about the signal transduction of the osteoclast under mechanostimulus is a much-researched area overseas.

探讨机械应力下调控破骨细胞功能活性的信号传导通路是国外近年来的一个研究热点。

The results show that the transmission of the occlusal force and stress distribution of the pen-implant bone of this repair method is very satisfying. The maxillary repair method using the microsurgery fibula graft and Branemark zygoma implant is secure and feasible.

故腓骨重建颧种植修复上颌骨缺损方法能够有效传导力，其周围支持组织具有良好的应力分布，是一种安全有效修复上颌缺损、恢复咀嚼功能的临床方法。

Its research groups include auxology and pediatric skeletal conditions, cell signalling, developmental biology, developmental neurobiology, human bone cell research, neonatal immunology research, neurodegenerative disease, neurotransmitter biology, stem cell etc.

该系的研究小组包括：生长学与小儿骨骼疾病，信号传导，发育生物学，发育神经生物学，人体骨细胞研究，新生儿免疫研究，神经退化疾病，神经递质生物学，和干细胞等。

The manner of stress transfer from a cementless acetabular component to the surrounding acetabular bone dictates its initial stability.

应力从非骨水泥型髋臼假体传导至周围骨的方式决定了关节的初期稳定性。

To hear sound, hold the bone conduction speaker gently against the temple.

使用时，将骨传导扬声器轻置于太阳穴。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。