马克思的

The subjective conditions of the formation of Kautsky's view on Marxism have the following four aspects: a good cultural quality, a solid knowledge base and broad perspective; profound internationalism complex and persue of freedom and democracy; academic integrity of curiousness and diligency; conscious participation in revolutionary practice and acceptance of education from Marx and Engels.

而考茨基的马克思主义观得以产生的主观条件有以下四个方面：良好的文化修养、坚实的知识基础和宽广的视野；深厚的国际主义情结以及对自由民主等终极价值的诉求；求知好学、勤勉严谨的学术品格；自觉参加革命实践并接受马克思和恩格斯的教育。

Compared with the late works of Marx, there are also rich humanistic thoughts in the young Marx's doctoral dissertation. As the discussional theme of the paper, the viewpoint about hominine essence and hominine freedom and liberation is just different from the late point of views at the side of the thinking start which is self-awareness of people.

与马克思后期的作品一样，青年马克思撰写的博士论文中也有着丰富的人学思想，以人的本质和人的自由与解放问题为探讨的主题，只是从探讨的思路来看与后期不同，是从人的自我意识出发来展开对人的问题的思考的。

From Karl Marx to Mao Ze-dong, especially Deng Xiao-ping, all paid much attention to the important position of the productive force in the Party's line, guiding principle and socialist development. The inheritage and the development of these important thought's theoretical origin is that the Party must become the loyal representative of Chinese advanced social productive force. Mao Ze-dong and Deng Xiao-ping combined Marxism with Chine...

从马克思到毛泽东，特别是邓小平，都十分重视生产力在党的路线、纲领及社会主义发展中极其重要的地位，对这些重要思想的继承和发展是&党要成为中国先进社会生产力的忠实代表&思想的理论渊源；毛泽东、邓小平把马克思主义与中国革命和社会主义建设实际相结合形成的、以毛泽东思想和邓小平理论为指导的新的文化理念，奠定了&党是中国先进文化前进方向的忠实代表&思想的理论基础；中国共产党为广大人民最根本利益而奋斗的历史经验，以及毛泽东、邓小平所一贯坚持的群众路线，则与&党始终是中国最广大人民群众的根本利益的忠实代表&思想是一脉相承的

Besides, the lelated studies in china have got some other special problems:Firstly, because of a undue and stereotyped interpretation of the classic of marxism, and a one- sided and superficial understanding of Germany philosophy, especially Kants philosophy,some scholares can not understand and grasp the fundamental spirit of the Marxism deeply-ahistorical and dialectical materialism idea of freedom-the cornerstone of the theory about therule of law, the theory in china lack of the spirit of freedom of the essential value of the rule of law universally, so they are not only unprofound but also unthoroughness.

此外，我国的相关研究还存在如下问题：首先，由于对马克思主义经典著作持一种片面化、僵化的解读模式，以及对于德国古典哲学、尤其是康德哲学片面化、表面化的理解，一些学者未能深刻理解和把握马克思主义的根本精神——历史的、唯物辩证的自由思想——这一法治理论的基石，我国的法治理论比较普遍地缺乏对于法治的自由精神这一根本价值取向的深刻理解，由此导致其不仅不深刻，而且不彻底。

This paper criticizes some theories about value of natural resources, explains the value of forest resources with Marx's labor axiology,thinks that the value is determined by the labor-time in socially necessary on utilized the worst woodland which based social wants in process of reproduction of forest resources,not by the total price of various use value.It puts forward that the value of a use value of forest resources is a compensation of stated value of forest resources on this use value,and its compens...

该文批判了西方有关自然资源的效用论、地租论和传统马克思主义经济学中的无价论、实用论，运用马克思劳动价值论解释森林资源的价值，认为其价值量决定是由森林资源再生产中已利用的最差等级林地的以社会需要为基础的社会必要劳动时间决定的，而不是森林各种使用价值的加总，各种使用价值的价值量是一定的森林资源价值量在该使用价值上的分摊量，其价值补偿是成本补偿而不是效益补偿。

The reason is that the universality of contradiction can be explained more briefly, for it has been widely recognized ever since the materialist-dialectical world outlook was discovered and materialist dialectics applied with outstanding success to analysing many aspects of human history and natural history and to changing many aspects of society and nature by the great creators and continuers of Marxism--Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin; whereas the particularity of contradiction is still not dearly understood by many comrades, and especially by the dogmatists.

这是因为马克思主义的伟大的创造者和继承者马克思、恩格斯、列宁、斯大林他们发现了唯物辩证法的宇宙观，已经把唯物辩证法应用在人类历史的分析和自然历史的分析的许多方面，应用在社会的变革和自然的变革的许多方面，获得了极其伟大的成功，矛盾的普遍性已经被很多人所承认，因此，关于这个问题只需要很少的话就可以说明白；而关于矛盾的特殊性的问题，则还有很多的同志，特别是教条主义者，弄不清楚。

Wrights class theory has great significance in practice to our understanding of the new changes in class relations of contemporary capitalism and the development of Marxism according to the new changes: Firstly, Wright'theory of the new changes in contemporary capitalist class relations will enable our understanding of this class structure to be founded on more complete analytical data, and make us have a more accurate knowledge and understanding about the non-applicability of Marx's prediction in his class theory of polarized class relations in capitalism.

赖特的阶级理论对于我们认识关于当代资本主义社会阶级关系新变化并且根据这种新变化来发展马克思主义具有很大的现实意义：首先，赖特的当代资本主义社会阶级关系新变化的理论，使我们对当代资本主义的阶级结构的认识能够建立在比较完整的数据分析基础之上，也使我们对马克思所预言的资本主义阶级关系两极分化的阶级理论在当代的不适用性有了更加准确的认识和了解。

From such two levels as the history and logic of forming and developing Marxist educational economical thoughts, and practice and exploration of reforming and developing China's socialist enterprise, the chapter makes a systematic and deepened research and hackling of Marxist educational economical thoughts and their Sinicised theories, makes a profound investigation on the logical relationships between the reform and development of socialist educational enterprise, economic construction, and social progress, proves the scientificity of the judgement of " education has a leading and overall roles in modem construction" in a scientific way, and by combining with the hackling and researches of Jiang Zemin's educational economical thoughts, puts forwards such several important principles as converting the economic construction into the orbit of depending on the progress of science and technology, and raising the diathesis of the workers, insisting on the prior development of educational enterprise, insisting on overally implementing the strategy of science and education make a country stronger, pushing forward the two basic changes of educational turns, continuously deepening the educational reform, promoting education development, and combining with the progress of the economic society.

第二章 教育要与生产劳动和社会实践相结合从梳理分析马克思主义关于教育与生产劳动相结合思想的形成与发展及其实质与意义入手，论证了现代教育坚持与生产劳动和社会实践相结合的重要意义，考察了毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民等三代领导核心在中国革命和社会主义现代化建设的不同历史阶段对马克思主义教育与生产劳动相结合原理的创新与发展，对实行教育与生产劳动相结合的内容、原则、途径和方式等进行了全面阐述，并结合对江泽民有关论述的研究，提炼出教育与生产劳动相结合是坚持社会主义教育方向的根本措施，教育与社会实践相结合是当代青年成长的必由之路，推进经科教、产学研一体化是教育适应经济社会发展的崭新途径、适应经济发展和社会进步是教育与生产劳动相结合的本质等结论。

To master the spirituous nature really ,we should grasp firmly that the practical philosophy is a new kind of philosophical thinking On one hand ,we reedier deeply that the great change about Marx philosophy is to explain the change from the knowledge system of abstract ontology to practical and historical theory who was based on the judge about personal liberation and revolution to the other hand we conuprahend deeply that the develop patents of future philosophy i...

要真正把握马克思哲学的精神实质，就是要把实践哲学把握成一种新的哲学思维，深刻认识马克思哲学伟大变革的全部要旨在于从解释世界的抽象本体论的知识体系转向现实的、历史的、以人的解放为核心的批判和革命的哲学理论，深刻理解未来哲学发展的新范式即&不是实践的观点，而是实践思维&这一基本准则和方向。

Chinese Communist holds absolute negative attitude to capitalism production relations for a long time, the cognition to whose mode of production is indeterminate but be change,the aversion to capitalism is deepseated as a whole;that the author of Marxist classics wipes out consistent private ownership idea has been to put the theoretical source reforming into practice,but then Max has brought forward the objective of a struggle of Communist:Wipe out a private ownership,the understanding of private owner leads to promptness reforming arrival;realize socialist industrialization that capitalism industry and commerce who restores a period is bent solely on profit,profiteer at the expense of others one aspect part shows with national economy is the arrival having driven promptness reforming pro and con.

长期以来，中国共产党人对资本主义生产关系持绝对否定态度，而对其生产方式的认识则是变化不定的，总体上对资本主义的厌恶是根深蒂固的；而马克思主义经典作家消灭私有制的一贯构想则是实行改造的理论根源，马克思提出了共产党人的奋斗目标：消灭私有制，而中国共产党人对私有制的理解也必然导致改造的迅速到来；实现社会主义工业化和国民经济恢复时期资本主义工商业唯利是图、损人利己一面的部分表现则从正反两方面推动了改造的迅速到来。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。