马克思的

Anarchism advocated by Mikhail Bakunin is one of the main anti-Marxism thoughts during the First International period. He set up the Socialist Democratic League and advocated'abolition of all right of inheritance','abolition of the notion of country'and'defiance of authority', and attacked the Paris Community, which has brought great damage and negative effects to the Workers'Movement.

巴枯宁的无政府主义是第一国际时期主要的反马克思主义思潮之一，他所组建的"社会主义民主同盟"、所宣扬的"废除继承权"、"废除国家"、"反对权威"以及对巴黎公社的攻击等给当时的工人运动带来了极大的影响和危害，为了揭示其无政府主义的本质，清除其对工人运动的影响，马克思与其进行了长期的、艰苦的、复杂的斗争。

There are two absolute converse attitudes about sustained development of social economic among the classis economist, one is Adam Smith as the delegation of pessimist, the other is Malthus as the delegation of pessimist. Marx and Engles developed the continuous development by summarizing others' thinking, but the next economists discarded the theory of Marx after October Liberation in Russia and Chinese Liberation got success. Serious fact tells us: Political economics can't discard the concept of sustained development which the basic theory in political economics.

古典经济学家对社会经济的可持续性问题存在着两种截然不同的看法，一种是以亚当斯密为代表的乐观派，一种是以马尔萨斯为代表的悲观派；马克思、恩格斯在总结前人思想的基础上，发展了可持续发展思想；但是，苏联十月革命胜利和中国革命胜利后的政治经济学却舍弃了马克思恩格斯的这些思想；严酷的现实告诉我们，政治经济学不能抛弃可持续发展观念，可持续发展应当是政治经济学的一个基本思想。

Until the Marxism propagated in China, the Communist Party of China wasnt possible to unite the whole social power and call on all the people to begin with the new time of social Modernization, an active, powerful time, to realize the Chinese nation independence , socialist system superiority and communize social ideal.

直到马克思主义传入中国，在马克思主义社会现代化思想的指导下，中国共产党以民族的独立解放、社会主义的制度优越性和共产主义的美好理想，最大程度地团结了社会力量到现代化的进程中，从而开启了现代化主动的、积极的、声势浩大的、蓬蓬勃勃的历史时期。

But to equate human nature with class nature and deny the human nature in common will likely take the complicated relations among people for"class struggle of no concomitance", which will go against to deal with relations between people during the socialistic construction.

本文认为，强调并注意发挥人的自觉能动性，是马克思主义人学的要求，也是中国革命获得成功的重要原因之一。但是，到了晚年，毛泽东却犯了过于强调人的自觉能动性，无视客观规律的错误。同样，强调人的阶级性和阶级情感，这既是马克思主义人学的基本要求，而且在革命实践过程中，也有利于分清敌我，团结真正的朋友，攻击真正的敌人。

This article takes the Marxism Humanics and Western Stimulation theory as its foundation stone .It also takes the Marxism Humanics as its guide thought and philosophical foundation which constitute the Stimulation Management Mode . Through reflecting on the traditional Stimulation Mode and studying the logical foundation of stimulation of teachers in elementary and middle schools ,we deeply reflect on the Tradition Stimulation Mode and its thought and attribute the problem of stimulation strategy to the loss of the humanity and the pinch of the value pursuit .From the reality of Chinese culture and modern school culture .we use the essential thought in the Western Stimulation Theory for reference and set a definition on Stimulation from the philosophical view ,that is ,the subject takes the corresponding stimulation mode according to the understanding of the stimulated object needs ,acts on the motivation ,purpose and action of the stimulated and consequently satisfy the purpose of the subject .

本文以马克思人学理论和西方激励理论为理论基石，以马克思人学思想作为建构激励管理模式的指导思想和哲学基础，通过对传统激励模式的反思，通过对中小学教师激励的逻辑基础的研究和外在因素的研究，对传统教师激励模式及思想做深刻反思，将传统中小学教师激励策略问题归结为人文性的缺失和价值追求的匮乏，并从中国文化、现代学校文化实际出发，借鉴西方激励理论中的精华思想，从哲学的视角定义了激励的内涵是行为主体根据对激励对象需要的理解而采取的相应的刺激方式，作用于被激励对象的动机、目的、行为，从而满足行为主体的目的。

The theory presents a systematic reply to the question of how to seek ethnic liberation, cope with ethnic relationships, solve ethnic problems and promote ethnic development in our underdeveloped country, In addition, it provides a correct guiding principle about ethnic work and ensures the lay-down of a series of correct ethnic policies, which play a vital role in the promotion of liberation and development of all Chinese ethnic groups and in the keep-up and strengthening of ethnic solidarity.

在长期的革命和建设实践中，以毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民为代表的中国共产党人，把马克思主义民族理论与中国实际相结合，创造性地丰富和发展了马克思主义，卓有成效地创立了具有中国特色的民族问题理论，系统地回答了我们这样一个不发达的多民族国家，如何争取民族解放、处理民族关系、解决民族问题、促进民族发展的一系列基本问题，奠定了中国共产党做好民族工作的正确的指导思想，使我们党制定了一系列正确的民族政策，对于争取中华民族大家庭中的各民族的翻身解放和繁荣发展，以及维护和加强各民族之间的团结，起了十分重要的作用。

To master the spirituous nature really ,we should grasp firmly that the practical philosophy is a new kind of philosophical thinking On one hand ,we reedier deeply that the great change about Marx philosophy is to explain the change from the knowledge system of abstract ontology to practical and historical theory who was based on the judge about personal liberation and revolution to the other hand we conuprahend deeply that the develop patents of future philosophy i...

要真正把握马克思哲学的精神实质，就是要把实践哲学把握成一种新的哲学思维，深刻认识马克思哲学伟大变革的全部要旨在于从解释世界的抽象本体论的知识体系转向现实的、历史的、以人的解放为核心的批判和革命的哲学理论，深刻理解未来哲学发展的新范式即"不是实践的观点，而是实践思维"这一基本准则和方向。

In the experience since plenary meeting applies Marxism science method to sum up war of resistance against aggression, criticize Wang Ming doctrinairism, establish from set out actually, integration of theory with practice, the plenary meeting of thought course; of be practical and realistic holds to Luochuanhui to view the line of comprehensive war of resistance against aggression that make, insist to fight day people united front to paddle his own canoe mediumly principle, criticized Wang Ming " all course united front " Right opportunism; put forward to must hold to my army on the military affairs " basic it is bushfighting, but the athletic battle that does not abandon advantage falling " the constituent line that strategic principle; made a Marxism in textural, corrected be opposite before the person that hold different opinion undertakes " ruthless struggle, merciless blow " wrong way, wrong to making Right deviation Wang Ming undertook proper criticism, to going by " left " the comrade that fault of bend faction creed approves a fault to rectify gives rehabilitate.

六中全会运用马克思主义科学方法总结抗战以来的经验，批评王明教条主义，确立了从实际出发，理论联系实际，实事求是的思想路线；全会坚持洛川会议制定的全面抗战路线，坚持抗日民族统一战线中的独立自主原则，批评了王明&一切经过统一战线&的右倾机会主义；在军事上提出了必须坚持我军&基本是游击战，但不放弃有利条件下的运动战&的战略方针；在组织上制定了一条马克思主义的组织路线，纠正了以往对持不同意见者进行&残酷斗争、无情打击&的错误做法，对犯右倾错误的王明进行了适当的批评，对过去被&左&倾宗派主义错批错整的同志予以平反。

Today China is facing the third opportunity of development dating back the beginning of reforming and opening, which demands the breakthrough of plutonomy. The author based on the theoretical research thinks that the protection of non-labor income and the coequality between private and state enterprises which means that private business can be a principal part or a large proportion of China social economics...

我国目前正面临着改革开放以来的第三次大发展的机遇，新的发展机遇需要政治经济学理论的突破和发展，文章认为，&保护合法的非劳动收入及民营企业能与国有企业具有同等地位，能成为中国社会主义经济的'主体'和'主导'的一部分或大部分&是对马克思主义的创造性发展而提出的新观点，是马克思主义社会主义政治经济学在当今中国创造性的新发展。

In addition, the traditional Marxism neglects the poverty of non-producer such as those unable to work. Cohen points out that, due to the flaws above, the traditional Marxism cannot give an effective refutation to Nozick's justification of capitalism. Fourthly, according to Cohen, the traditional Marxism resorts to the principle of self-ownership held by Nozick when it tries to prove the necessity of equality and to vision the socialist principle of distributive justice as well as to criticize the injustice of capitalism. Thus the traditional Marxism holds the same premise with Nozick's theory of justice in holdings, so it's easy to be attacked by Nozick, let alone an effective refutation to Nozick.

第四，传统马克思主义本身在对平等必然性的证明、对社会主义分配正义原则的构想、对资本主义不正义的批判等方面，都没有拒绝诺齐克持有正义理论所坚持的自我所有原则，这就造成了传统马克思主义与诺齐克持有正义理论拥有同一个前提，所以就容易受到诺齐克持有正义理论的攻击，也就谈不上有效回击诺齐克持有正义理论为资本主义所作的辩解和对社会主义的否定了。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。