马克思的

Part Two discriminates the Ex-Soviet Marxist Philosophy and Western Marxists' Marxist Philosophy, intent on expounding the fact that the Ex-Soviet Marxist Philosophy simply sticks to, dogmatize and even mechanize the Marxist Philosophy. In parallel this section makes a systematic exposition of Western Marxist Philosophy from three aspects, i.e. the philosophical meta-problem, philosophical methodology and ideology.

第二部分通过对前苏联马克思主义哲学观和西方马克思主义的马克思主义哲学观的辨析，旨在阐明前苏联的马克思主义哲学观是对马克思哲学观的僵化、教条化、机械化的理解；并从哲学元问题、哲学方法论两个方面阐述了西方马克思主义的马克思主义哲学观。

Based on a lot of empirical analysis, the author summerizes that the historical premises of mergers in the United States include of the development of modern-enterprise、the technical innovation、the expansile demand and the development of capital market, surveys the developments and characters of mergers in the United States. From Marx's capital concentration theory to the arguments between structure school and conduct school, from the theories of economists at the present age abroad to the achievements of the learned men in China. the author surveys the theorical developments of merger. Making a clear definition of the concept and premises of self-organizational merger on the hypothesis that enterprise is a kind of self-organization, futhermore, the author constructs the theoretical frame of self-organizational merger.

主要内容有：在对大量实证材料分析的基础上，归纳出美国企业兼并的历史前提是现代企业形成与发展、技术上的创新、市场需求的扩大和资本市场的发展，阐释了美国企业兼并的历程与特点；从马克思的资本集中理论，到结构主义与行为主义的争论与分歧，从当代经济学家们的若干理论，到中国学者对企业兼并的认识，跟踪考察了企业兼并理论的起源与发展；从企业是自组织系统的假设出发，界定了企业自组织兼并的内涵，提出了企业自组织兼并存在的条件体系，构建了市场结构、企业自组织兼并行为、产业绩效、政府调控的企业自组织兼并理论的SCPG分析框架，分析了企业自组织兼并理论的贡献。

However, if one examines not the letter of Marx or Freud, but the becoming of Marxism and the becoming of Freudianism, we see, paradoxically , Marxists and Freudians engaged in an attempt to recode Marx and Freud: in the case of Marxism, you have a recoing by the State ("the State has made you ill, the State will cure you"—this cannot be the same State); and in the case of Freudianism, you have a recoding by the family ( you fall ill from the family and recover throught the family—this is not the same family).

然而，若不从字面意义上细究马克思或弗洛伊德，而是探索马克思主义与弗洛伊德主义的生成问题，那么矛盾之处在于马克思主义者与弗洛伊德派试图重新诠释马克思与弗洛伊德：就马克思主义而言，其通过国家来重新编码（国家使你生病，国家会治愈你—两个国家所指不同）；而就弗洛伊德派来说，存在一套家庭重编码（由于家庭而获病，通过家庭而康复—两个家庭所指也不同）。

Firmly depending with Marxism original work, basing on The Critique of the Gotha Programme, from angle of Marxism development history, Nielsen categorizes, analyzes and elaborates Marx, Engels and Lenin's justice conception. So this disquisition is a masterpiece which faithfully elucidates Marxism justice theory in field of modem foreign Marxism.

这篇文章紧扣马克思主义原著，以《哥达纲领批判》为基点，从马克思主义发展史的角度，梳理和阐释了马克思、恩格斯、列宁的正义观，不失为当代国外马克思主义领域一篇较为本真的阐发马克思主义正义观的力作。

On the foundation, it bases the right legitimacy from Marxism practical rationality ideas, shows the practical reasonableness of right legitimacy idea, adduces the viewpoints of right practical rationality ideas, explains the basic lemma, valuable guide, theoretica...

论文通过对西方权利正当性观念的历史考察，阐释了西方传统的权利正当性观念的理论特点、基本问题，通过对现代权利观念的理性批判的分析，指出现代西方理性主义权利正当性观念存在的双重困境，运用马克思的实践观点重新认识权利正当性的合理性逻辑，阐明实践理性权利观的基本内容，论证了权利的正当性来源于权利的合理性实践的基本观点，揭示出当下中国实践理性权利观念的基本路向。

The other is that, when criticizing capitalism defended by Nozick, Cohen deviates from or misreads some views on capitalism and socialism in traditional Marxism.

一是背离了传统马克思主义关于社会发展基本动力的观点，试图以道德革命来代替社会革命；二是误读了传统马克思主义关于自我所有原则的观点，没有看到传统马克思主义对自我所有原则是持反对态度的；三是误读了传统马克思主义在批判资本主义生产资料不平等分配时的观点，认为传统马克思主义主张将生产资料平均分配给社会成员。

COMMUNIST MANIFESTO is a great milestone in the history of mankind, with theories of "two inevitabilities" as its crucial theme. It provides the general principles for all the mature works of Marx and Engels, and the key to understanding Marxism. It also sheds light on how we should treat Marxism. The fact that the "two inevitabilities" have not come true in Western countries does not affect the scientific nature of Marxism. The turmoils in East Europe do not symbolize failure of Marxism....

本文认为：《共产党宣言》是屹立在人类历史上的一座丰碑，其核心是关于&两个必然性&的理论，它构成了马克思恩格斯全部成熟著作的纲领和红线，是理解什么是马克思主义的关键，也为我们如何对待马克思主义提供了有益的启示；西方国家没有实现&两个必然性&，并不影响马克思主义的科学性，苏东剧变不是马克思主义的失败，而是背弃马克思主义的失败，而在中国，&两个必然性&的理论已经实现并在继续实现，这些都表明，《共产党宣言》的基本思想并不是乌托邦，而是科学社会主义学说。

Refers to the value of the object as the subject matter and as the needs of the relationship between Marx's labor theory of value that labor is the source of value in a market economy, the value of the goods come from people working with the The combination of a variety of factors lunwen114of production.

价值是指作为客体的物与作为主体的人的需要之间的关系，马克思的劳动价值论认为劳动是价值的源泉，而在市场经济条件下，商品的价值来自人的劳动与各种生产要素的结合。

Zizek uses the old Lacan's psychoanalysis theory in "The Sublime Object of Ideology",pointing out that ideology theory is not false consciousness,but structures the society reality itself,that is not the end of the contemporary ideology,but in the event of restructuring. it is an attack for the ideology of the West End,so the theory has a positive meaning;at the same time,he applies old Lacan thinking to interpret the classic Marxist conclusion that "the real limitation of capitalism is capital itself", to draw the so-called"paradox of capitalism",that is, the more it 'putrefies',the more Its immanent contradiction is aggravated,the more it must revolutionize itself to survive.

齐泽克在《意识形态的崇高对象》中，运用晚年拉康哲学思想，提出了意识形态建构了社会现实本身的观点，也就是说当代意识形态并没有终结，而是在发生转型，这是对西方的意识形态终结论的一种抨击，具有积极的理论意义；同时他通过对马克思的经典命题&资本主义的真正限制就是资本本身&的拉康式解读，得出了所谓的&资本主义悖论&，即资本主义社会越是腐败，就越要通过自身调节功能，以求得生存的谬论。

To overcome this "difficulty",it is necessary to clarify some basic theoretical points ,such as the difference between the value concerned in the theory of labour value with the value in other fields;the materialized part of labour with the active part of labour in the productive elements;the decisive elem...

要突破这一&难关&，就必须首先明晰劳动价值论中的价值与其他领域和学科中的价值，生产要素中的物化劳动部分与活劳动部分，决定生产力的要素与决定价值的要素，马克思的财富观与价值观，以及商品的实物形式与活动形式等基本理论界限，从而在研究和探讨的基本理论前提上形成共识。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。