马克思的

In virtue of the given philosophical context of modern times, which held the preceding theories of interpreter and embracer, what had come on the scene was not the originally Marx's philosophical revolution, not the histo...

由于 作为诠释者和接受者之理论前见的特定的近代哲学境域，在这里出现的并不是作为本来意义上的马克思的哲学革命，并不是马克思实现哲学革命本身的历史，而是思辨哲学境域中的马克思的哲学革命，是近代形而上学视域中的马克思哲学革命的历史。

But some viewpoints and phenomenon appeared in this discussion are not only to the disadvantage of understanding the theory of Marxist labour values correctly, but also running counter to the real meaning of Marxism and are in diametrical opposition to the position and viewpoints of Marxist philosophy.

但是在讨论过程中，有些观点违背了马克思的本意，而且与马克思主义哲学的立场、观点是背道而驰的，同时也不利于我们正确理解马克思劳动价值论

In the course of"return to Marx", Hegelianism is an important factor. Young Lukacs opens a way to study Hegelian Marxism; old Lukacs still insists on that the study of Hegel is indispensable to the study of Marxist philosophy. Just by study of the relation of Hegelian philosophy and Marxist philosophy, Lukacs grasps the developing track of Marxian philosophy.

在卢卡奇"回到马克思"的过程中，黑格尔哲学始终是一个不可忽略的因素，早期卢卡奇开创了黑格尔式的马克思主义研究的先河；晚期卢卡奇仍然把对黑格尔的研究当作研究马克思哲学的必备知识和必要途径，他正是通过研究黑格尔哲学和马克思哲学的关系，搞清楚了马克思哲学的形成轨迹。

Byreviewing the forming and developing process of the concept of ideology,I put forward that MITis critical inheritance from the related concept of the France enlightenment and the Germanclassical philosophy.By inspecting the scene of Marx's application,I propose that ideology is thecollective unconsciousness and its systematic theory on social life of the ruling class,thespirit-maintaining tool of class dominate.

作者通过对马克思以前意识形态概念形成和演变过程的详细回溯，提出马克思的意识形态概念是对法国启蒙思想和德国古典哲学有关概念的批判继承；通过对马克思使用意识形态概念具体情境的考察，提出马克思意识形态概念的基本规定：意识形态是统治阶级关于社会生活的集体无意识及其理论表现，是统治阶级维护其阶级统治的精神工具。

Arnold Kunzli, in his book,"Marx - Psychography," wrote that Marx was guilty of causing the suicide of two of his daughters and one son-in-law. His daughter Laura also buried three of her own children and then committed suicide together with her husband.

Arnold Kunzli 在《马克思心志》一书中写道，马克思因为他导致两个女儿和一个义子自杀而感到内疚；而马克思的女儿Laura 则埋葬了她的三个亲生骨肉，然后与她丈夫一起自杀。

Arnold Kunzli, in his book,"Marx - Psychography," wrotethat Marx was guilty of causing the suicide of two of his daughters andone son-in-law. His daughter Laura also buried three of her ownchildren and then committed suicide together with her husband.

Arnold Kunzli 在《马克思心志》一书中写道，马克思因为他导致两个女儿和一个义子自杀而感到内疚；而马克思的女儿Laura 则埋葬了她的三个亲生骨肉，然后与她丈夫一起自杀。

However, as renowned scholars from the United States Erich Fromm said: Who scolded Marxism seriously might well not read the Marx's work, other people are also smatter to Marx's thing.

然而，正如美国著名学者埃利希·弗洛姆所说：对马克思主义骂得最凶的人，绝大多数从未读过马克思的东西，其他人对马克思的东西也是一知半解。

Therefore,in his new interpretation Marx unconsciously became a structuralist who appeared to be theoretically anti-humanism.

他对马克思的全新解读，是把马克思描绘成一个不自觉的结构主义者，让马克思穿上了"理论反人道主义"的外衣。

Schmidt\'s understanding of Marx and Marxism emphasizes the social historical character of the concept of nature of Marx; And he argues that the philosophy of Marx aims at the criticism of "the second nature of nature" and the nonidentity of the subject and the object, because the biggest secret of the ideology lies in the identity, and in the philosophy the most core identity is the identity of the subject and the object, Schmidt reiterated ideology critique, which is the important subject of the Frankfurt school and even the entire West Marxism; He also elaborated the relation between Marx\'s natural view and the Marxian socialism theory.

他十分重视结合马克思的社会历史理论、经济理论来考察自然概念，充分强调马克思自然概念的社会历史特征；突出批判&第二自然&与坚持主客体非同一性问题，因为意识形态的最大秘密在于同一性，哲学上最核心的同一性就是主体与客体同一性，所以施密特重申了法兰克福学派乃至整个西方马克思主义的重要主题——意识形态批判；他阐述了马克思的自然观与马克思社会主义学说的关系，围绕人和自然的关系问题探讨了马克思和一切乌托邦的联系和区别。

Innovation:Elaborating two sources of Marx's theory on ideology;indicating three importantfactors of ideology according to Marx's understanding;creating the concept of"quasi-ideology";exhaustively analyzing the falsity and synthetic character of ideology;pointing out the concept of"soft state apparatus";recapitulating and expounding the methods of Marx's criticizing ideology;declaring that Marx's social doctrine is surpassing ideology theoretically,and the Communistmovement is surpassing ideology practically.

创新之处：对马克思意识形态概念和理论的两大来源进行详尽的考察；论证马克思意识形态概念的三个要件；提出&准意识形态&概念；对意识形态的&虚假性&、&综合性&进行展开性分析；提出&软国家机器&概念；对马克思意识形态批判的方法论进行概括和阐述；提出马克思的社会学说是对意识形态之理论超越、共产主义运动是对意识形态之实践超越的观点。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。