马克思主义哲学

In so far asits fundamental philosophical position,this dissertation op-poses four tendencies or'-ism':(1)scientism;(2)human-ism;(3)the mechanistic understanding of and dogmatical at-titudes towards Marxism,especially historical materialism;and(4)cultural determinism or culturologism.

就其基本的哲学立场而言，它反对四种倾向或"主义"：（1）唯科学主义；（2）人本主义哲学；（3）对马克思主义、特别是历史唯物主义的机械论的理解和教条主义的态度；（4）文化决定论或文化主义。

Westerner emphasize ethics value with ontology, epistemology relative meaning, it's the congenital defect of" value question" when western traditional philosophy thinking; Though among China traditional philosophies, originated places to embody, but, going with enervation trend of traditional culture and the impacts of western culture, especially, affected by Russian textbook of Marxism, we do not only realize the value natural instinct of China"s traditional philosophy as consciously, and philosophy is studied and comes from the west to think" value question" instead, even in order to coming and study people"s" value problem" western traditional the thinking frames. This is what cause contemporary people and historical origin of the double predicament of philosophy, also is the realism meaning of the animadvert on the present philosophy view.

西方人在与本体论、认识论相对的意义上强调伦理价值，这是西方传统哲学思考"价值问题"的先天性缺陷；虽然在中国传统哲学中，起始处就是体现为以"内求诸己"的方式把握人"生命之道"的价值性的思想，但由于近代以来伴随传统文化的衰弱趋势和西方文化的冲击，使我们一味效仿西方哲学的范式去研究哲学，尤其是受前苏联马克思主义教科书体系的影响，我们非但没有自觉意识到中国传统哲学的"价值问题"指向，反而认为对"价值问题"的哲学研究源于西方，甚至在被马克思终结了的西方传统形而上学的思维框架中来研究人的"价值问题"，这是造成当代人与哲学双重生存困境的历史根源，亦是当代哲学观批判的现实意义。

Analyzing on Marxism is a kind of Marxian development modes in the western contemporary capitalistic society, is an outcome of the western countries have manipulated the method of social science and classical economics for analyzing about the philosophy and experimentalism in the Marxian theory research.

分析马克思主义是马克思主义在当代西方资本主义社会的一种新的发展形式，是西方分析哲学、经验主义的社会科学以及新古典经济学的方法运用于马克思主义理论研究的产物。

Bakhtin s translinguistics begins with his criticism on traditional linguistic-philosophical theories,especially on Freudianism and formalism.At the same time,Bakhtin is also influenced by New-Kantism and Marxism.At last,Muscovite ethos also effects in his linguistic ...

巴赫金的语言学思想首先是从批判传统语言哲学理论开始的，特别是对弗洛伊德主义和形式主义的批判，同时，巴赫金又以新康德主义和马克思主义等哲学思想为指导，此外，俄罗斯的民族精神也对其哲学思想产生了一些影响，形成了其独特的语言哲学基础。

These include Hegelianism, neo-Thomism, Marxism, as well as the contemporary continental philosophical tradition, ranging from Habermas (with close affinities to the analytic tradition) to Foucault and Derrida.

这又包括了黑格尔主义、新托马斯主义、马克思主义与当代大陆哲学传统，其中当代大陆哲学传统从Habermas（与分析哲学传统相当接近）到Foucault和Derrida（这二者之间微妙的联系委实很多）。

But they all insisted that the philosophy of religion was based on Idealism, namely Monkish, as a system of ideology, but on the contrary, the philosophy of socialism is based on Materialism, to the deepest extent.

而在马克思主义经典作家看来，宗教作为一种意识形态，其哲学基础就是"僧侣主义"即唯心主义，而社会主义的指导思想则是马克思主义，而马克思主义是彻底的唯物主义。

Besides, the lelated studies in china have got some other special problems:Firstly, because of a undue and stereotyped interpretation of the classic of marxism, and a one- sided and superficial understanding of Germany philosophy, especially Kants philosophy,some scholares can not understand and grasp the fundamental spirit of the Marxism deeply-ahistorical and dialectical materialism idea of freedom-the cornerstone of the theory about therule of law, the theory in china lack of the spirit of freedom of the essential value of the rule of law universally, so they are not only unprofound but also unthoroughness.

此外，我国的相关研究还存在如下问题：首先，由于对马克思主义经典著作持一种片面化、僵化的解读模式，以及对于德国古典哲学、尤其是康德哲学片面化、表面化的理解，一些学者未能深刻理解和把握马克思主义的根本精神——历史的、唯物辩证的自由思想——这一法治理论的基石，我国的法治理论比较普遍地缺乏对于法治的自由精神这一根本价值取向的深刻理解，由此导致其不仅不深刻，而且不彻底。

The research method, promotes the development of Marxist political economics, history and law with Chinese characteristics and the sublimation of Chinese social psychology to social ideology, which lies the solid philosophic basis of entirely sinicizing Marxist Philosophy.

从而使得富有中国特色的马克思主义政治经济学、马克思主义历史学、马克思主义法学等学科得以发展，推进了中国社会意识从社会心理到社会意识形式的升华，最终为实现整体推进马克思主义中国化奠定了坚实的哲学基础。

In this book, he discarded subjective idealism and extreme individualism and turned to M arxism, aiming to combine existentialism with Marxism.

他在《辩证理性批判》中对他以前的哲学思想作了一些重大的修改和总结，一定程度上抛弃了他此前曾坚持的主观唯心主义、极端个人主义思想，转而信奉马克思主义，并力图通过他对存在主义的改造，使存在主义和马克思主义结合起来，用存在主义来补充、完善和发展马克思主义。

Therefore, a thorough study of this book from the perspective of development of Marx" philosophy and with regard to the understanding of Proudhon"s The Philosophy of Poverty is of great theoretical significance.

哲学的贫困》是马克思主义的经典文献中发表最早的一个文本，马克思主义的新世界观与马克思主义政治经济学中&决定性的东西&就是通过这一文献公开问世的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。