马克思主义

Finally, on the basis of this, the paper analyzes the relationship be- tween the viewpoints of ancient Greek philosophy of Voluntarism and Marxism and Chinese traditional thoughts.

通过对古希腊哲学的这一重新评价，唯意志主义和马克思主义才在西方历史上真

The shaping of New Cultural History has three main sources in the theoretical and methodological aspects, that is, British New Marxist history and French Annale history school, Post-Modernist cultural criticism and Historical Narratism, and Cultural Anthropology.

新文化史在形成过程中，主要吸收了三个方面的理论和方法———英国马克思主义史学和法国年鉴派史学、后现代文化批评和历史叙述主义、文化人类学。

New Cultural History ; Western New Marxist history ; Annale school ; Post-Modernist cultural criticism ; Historical Narratism ; Cultural Anthropology

新文化史；西方马克思主义史学；年鉴学派；后现代文化批评；历史叙述主义；文化人类学

In the second part, we first discuss the character and content of the contemporary Chinese political culture, the core elements are patriotism, nationalism, collectivism and authorism.

文章的第二部分首先分析了当代中国政治文化的特点和内容，指出当代中国政治文化是以马克思主义为主流的社会主义政治文化，其基本要素有爱国主义、民族主义、集体主义和权威主义。

Any frame work and bind of empiricism, doctrinism and those unfavorable to constructing the socialistic culture with Chinese feature, no matter traditional Chinese culture or western culture or the culture of the view of Marxist materialism, should be destructed; any nihilism and arroganism unsuitable for the tendency of globalization and the background of informational era should be animadverted; those extreme ideology featured with the outmoded thought of cold war and the variety of ideology under new background with extreme nationalism as its main content should also be destructed and animadverted.

无论是中国传统文化、西方文化、马克思主义唯物史观文化，对于一切不利于有中国特色社会主义现代化建设的、经验主义的、教条主义的框架和束缚，要解构；对于一切不符合全球化潮流、信息时代大背景的民族虚无主义、民族自大主义都要进行批判；对于旧的以冷战思维为特色的极端意识形态，以及以极端民族主义为主要内容在新背景下的意识形态变种，也要进行解构和批判。

Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, one of the most brilliant critics and theorists in contemporary literary criticism, is called a feminist Marxism deconstructivist.

斯皮瓦克是赛义德之后当今文学批评界最杰出的批评家和理论家之一，被称为&女性主义马克思主义的解构主义者&。

The paper considers that urban planning methodology is composed with three parts. They are philosophy foundation, noetic methodology and operational methods. The philosophy foundation of urban planning methodology under the framework of multi-rationality composes of Marxist philosophy with materialistic dialectic and historical dialectic as the core, western philosophy such as humanism, verificationism, and historism etc., oriental philosophy centralized on synthesis and unison. The noetic methodology of urban includes micro logical noetic methods macro visual noetic methods and micro-macro creative noetic methods. The urban planning operational method includes the route, process and techniques needed in practice.

其中，城市规划方法的哲学基础是在总体的复合理性框架之下，由以辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义为核心的马克思主义哲学，人本主义、实证主义、历史主义等西方哲学以及强调综合调和、天人合一的东方哲学思想所构成；城市规划思维方法体系，是城市规划过程中思考问题的角度及处理问题的方法论的总和，包括微观的逻辑思维方法、宏观的形象思维方法和宏微结合的创造性思维方；城市规划操作方法体系是直接用于城市规划实践的方法归纳和概括，包括城市规划的方法路线、程序组织、技术方法等等。

This section focuses on the critique begun by Mamdani of racialization and the claim of genocide, but carries it further into a Marxist critique of the use of racism and nationalism to obscure the class struggle in Darfur, and a working-class critique of the very concepts of "race" and "nation."

这一部分主要分析由 Mamdani 开始的种族主义化批评和种族屠杀的观点，但是运用马克思主义更深入地分析种族主义和国家主义掩盖了达尔福尔的阶级斗争，探讨工人阶级批评中的&种族&和&国家&两个概念。

All these malpractices and devia-tions as well as their consequences had not been recognized and thereforeleaving some hidden trouble.After the World War Ⅱ,Stalin and BolshevikParty aorked out a time-table of transition to communism,and becameeven more left-leaning,and thus solidified and absolutized the malpractisedand deviant system Until the mid-1980s,the leaders of the Party of SovietUnion,one after another,ahd been bound up to the"Left"dogma,lackedthe sense of times and Marxist philosophical spirit.They only wanted toperfect the prewar model,over-estimated their situation and national pow-er,developed great partism and great-nation chauvinism into hegemonism,and therefore,the model of Soviet Union became further rigiditized.

战后，斯大林和联共制定向共产主义过渡的时间表，在许多理论问题和政策实践上进一步&左&倾，从而将有缺陷和偏差的体制模式凝固化，绝对化。80年代中期以前，苏共及其一代又一代领导人束缚于&左&的理论教条，缺乏时代感和马克思主义的求实创新精神，只满足于对战前模式进行完善，同时过高估计苏联社会发展所处阶段和国力，将大党主义和大国沙文主义发展为霸权主义，以致苏联模式进一步僵化。

They denounced and dissuaded the people and said: Marxism is an ism that neglects the human principle

他们半是控诉半是劝阻地对人类说：马克思主义是一种忽视了人的主义

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。