马克思主义

This paper, starting to explain the definition and the analysis of Utopia, through Utopian ideas outside of Utopia or the development of the spirit of Utopia, persisting in the scientific theory of Marxism, mainly studies the value of Utopia and the beneficial inspiration of ideal society. Not only positively inquired about the Utopia and the society develop the objective law conjunction spot, also to the Utopia knew on misinterprets even is the misunderstanding proposes the question and the reply. Finally the ultimate objective which develops the Utopia meaning and the society is persons full scale development organic synthesis, and the establishment to the scientific attitude which positively develops the good and discard the bad enriches the Utopia thought connotation, simultaneously unceasingly gives the proof in the society historic course, for the impetus Utopia development future trend, then fundamentally will reject its own existence all sorts unreasonable factor, will enable the Utopia this society ideal perfect design to have the possibility under the situation which the humanity will progress which the reality will transform.

本文拟从乌托邦的原始解读入手，运用例证法、引证法、对比法、定义法、演绎法和归纳法，通过乌托邦思想史的历史溯源，以马克思主义的唯物史观和科学社会主义等理论为依据，全面剖析乌托邦正反两方面的价值性，在着力探讨乌托邦合理成分转化为理想的可能性基础之上，就乌托邦的取舍问题提出个人的见解，最后再将乌托邦置于当前社会发展的背景下，按照构建和谐社会乃至和谐世界的总体要求，对进一步澄清关于乌托邦的模糊认识，并使乌托邦走出历史发展中的误区注入新的血液和营养，从而能够真正发挥乌托邦人性关怀的精神救赎作用，实现乌托邦理性光芒与马克思关于人的全面发展的思想的高度统一，为不断促进人的全面发展提供更加美好和更加广阔的希望空间。

This actually philosophically inquires the evolution of Marxist Philosophy as well as preluding the elucidation of Chinese Marxist Philosophy.

为马克思哲学观的演变作哲学史意义上的追述，为中国马克思主义哲学观的阐述作前提性的说明。

The reason is that the universality of contradiction can be explained more briefly, for it has been widely recognized ever since the materialist-dialectical world outlook was discovered and materialist dialectics applied with outstanding success to analysing many aspects of human history and natural history and to changing many aspects of society and nature by the great creators and continuers of Marxism--Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin; whereas the particularity of contradiction is still not dearly understood by many comrades, and especially by the dogmatists.

这是因为马克思主义的伟大的创造者和继承者马克思、恩格斯、列宁、斯大林他们发现了唯物辩证法的宇宙观，已经把唯物辩证法应用在人类历史的分析和自然历史的分析的许多方面，应用在社会的变革和自然的变革的许多方面，获得了极其伟大的成功，矛盾的普遍性已经被很多人所承认，因此，关于这个问题只需要很少的话就可以说明白；而关于矛盾的特殊性的问题，则还有很多的同志，特别是教条主义者，弄不清楚。

The many-faceted development of society makes us understanding Marx in a new perspective. Marxism theory has different meaning and value in different periods of history.

社会多元化的发展需要我们不断地重新解读马克思，马克思主义哲学在不同时代应具有不同的意义和价值。

Wrights class theory has great significance in practice to our understanding of the new changes in class relations of contemporary capitalism and the development of Marxism according to the new changes: Firstly, Wright'theory of the new changes in contemporary capitalist class relations will enable our understanding of this class structure to be founded on more complete analytical data, and make us have a more accurate knowledge and understanding about the non-applicability of Marx's prediction in his class theory of polarized class relations in capitalism.

赖特的阶级理论对于我们认识关于当代资本主义社会阶级关系新变化并且根据这种新变化来发展马克思主义具有很大的现实意义：首先，赖特的当代资本主义社会阶级关系新变化的理论，使我们对当代资本主义的阶级结构的认识能够建立在比较完整的数据分析基础之上，也使我们对马克思所预言的资本主义阶级关系两极分化的阶级理论在当代的不适用性有了更加准确的认识和了解。

Chinese Communist holds absolute negative attitude to capitalism production relations for a long time, the cognition to whose mode of production is indeterminate but be change,the aversion to capitalism is deepseated as a whole;that the author of Marxist classics wipes out consistent private ownership idea has been to put the theoretical source reforming into practice,but then Max has brought forward the objective of a struggle of Communist:Wipe out a private ownership,the understanding of private owner leads to promptness reforming arrival;realize socialist industrialization that capitalism industry and commerce who restores a period is bent solely on profit,profiteer at the expense of others one aspect part shows with national economy is the arrival having driven promptness reforming pro and con.

长期以来，中国共产党人对资本主义生产关系持绝对否定态度，而对其生产方式的认识则是变化不定的，总体上对资本主义的厌恶是根深蒂固的；而马克思主义经典作家消灭私有制的一贯构想则是实行改造的理论根源，马克思提出了共产党人的奋斗目标：消灭私有制，而中国共产党人对私有制的理解也必然导致改造的迅速到来；实现社会主义工业化和国民经济恢复时期资本主义工商业唯利是图、损人利己一面的部分表现则从正反两方面推动了改造的迅速到来。

Being Marxists, Communists are internationalists, but we can put Marxism into practice only when it is integrated with the specific characteristics of our country and acquires a definite national form.

共产党员是国际主义的马克思主义者，但是马克思主义必须和我国的具体特点相结合并通过一定的民族形式才能实现。

Marxists have attached great importance to the liberation and development of productivity and thus formed the Marxist productivity theory.

马克思主义者高度重视解放生产力和发展生产力，形成了马克思主义的生产力理论。

As one of the Marx's two major discoveries, historical materialism is a core concept of Marxist philosophy.

作为马克思的两个重大发现之一，历史唯物主义是马克思主义哲学的一个核心概念。

In 1848, Marx and Engels wrote the "Communist Manifesto" come out, marking the birth of Marxism.

1848年，马克思、恩格斯撰写的《共产党宣言》的问世，标志着马克思主义的诞生。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。