马克思

This article has, from the angle of the emergence and development from Marxist view of nature, first elaborated the basic content of Marxism natural view, as well as the succession and features of the contemporary western Marxism in the natural viewpoint to the Marxism theory.

本文从马克思主义自然观产生、发展的脉络出发，首先论述了马克思主义自然观的基本内容，以及当代西方马克思主义在自然观方面对马克思主义理论的继承及特点。

Therefore I briefly sketch the trajectory of Italian autonomism, discuss thereupon Negri and others' idiosyncratic exposition and elaboration of Marx's theory, and finally I attempt to interpret autonomist Marxism as a variant of "political Marxism."

因此，本文追溯了义大利自主马克思主义的发展轨迹，讨论了Negri等人对马克思部分重要作品的独到见解，并试图将自主马克思主义定位为一种「政治马克思主义」。

Take the demonstration of Marx on human nature for example, three kinds of demonstrations appeared in short three years:"the nature of human is the summation of the social relationships","the human nature is free and self-conscious activity" and " the need of human is the nature of man"; still for instance, to the same Hegel philosophy, Marx sometimes called it " an carline who does makeup, dresses up her disgusting and nonrepresentational shriveled body, and looks out for suitors at every corner of Germany.① Sometimes, he call him "a great ideologist" and publicly admitted that he's a "student" of Hegel②; Marx also said in his late years some words which excited many western mediocre people " I am not a real Marxist.

比如马克思对人性的论述，在短短的三年间竟有三种论述："人的本质是社会关系的总和"，"人的本性即自由自觉的活动"，"人的需要即他们的本性"；还比如，马克思对同一个黑格尔哲学，有时称它是"搽脂抹粉，把她那干瘪得令人厌恶的抽象的身体打扮起来，在德国的各个角落如饥似渴地物色求婚者"的"老太婆"①；有时称他为"伟大思想家"，并"公开承认"自己是黑格尔的"学生"②；马克思在晚年还说过令许多西方庸人兴奋不已的话："我不是一个真正的马克思主义者。"

In virtue of the given philosophical context of modern times, which held the preceding theories of interpreter and embracer, what had come on the scene was not the originally Marx's philosophical revolution, not the histo...

由于 作为诠释者和接受者之理论前见的特定的近代哲学境域，在这里出现的并不是作为本来意义上的马克思的哲学革命，并不是马克思实现哲学革命本身的历史，而是思辨哲学境域中的马克思的哲学革命，是近代形而上学视域中的马克思哲学革命的历史。

The connation of the theory of learning from foreign countries and following own way embodies the basic attitude that Mao Zedong treat Marxism--the common principle of Marxism also should be combined together with specific practices of Chinese revolution, which also is the basic spirit through the whole development process of Marxism in China.

毛泽东哲学思想在"学习外国经验与走自己的道路"中的含义具体地表现为毛泽东对待马克思主义的基本态度，"马克思主义的普遍原理一定要同中国革命的具体实践相结合"就是毛泽东对待马克思主义的基本态度，也就是始终贯串中国马克思主义发展过程的根本精神。

Now the so-called "model transformation" is to advance the development and prosperity of Marxism philosophy, overcome the dogmatism and sectarianism tendency, return to the track of the total. spirit of Marxism philosophy, further display the practicality, the criticalness and openness characteristic of Marxism philosophy, show the bosom and the depth boundary of Marxism philosophy as the theory of emancipation of mankind.

我们现在所谓的"范式转换"，是为了更好地推进马克思主义哲学的发展和繁荣，克服教条主义、宗派主义的倾向，回到符合马克思主义哲学总体精神的轨道上来，进一步彰显马克思主义哲学的实践性、批判性和开放性的特征，彰显马克思主义哲学作为人类解放的学说的胸襟和境界。

The thesis takes three chapters. It gives prominence to the dynamic construction process of value-cognition structure, stresses that Marx is not a passive thought container. His early thought is not a passive excrescence to be imperatively get rid of, but it's a positive pre-structure to understand the world. This pre-structure as a internal, basic and continually developed value-recognition structure that enable knowledge and ethics to be possible, stipulates an agreement on the path and direction of his last thought development. So Marx said:"The problem is not to rule off an impassable gap between the past and the future, but is to realize the past thought."

本文采取三篇结构，突出马克思价值-认知结构的动态建构过程，强调马克思早期思想不是需要摆脱的消极赘生物，而是理解世界的一种积极的"前结构"，这种"前结构"作为一种内在的、基础性的和连续发展的、使知识和道德成为可能的价值-认知结构，规约着马克思以后思想发展的路径和方向，以致连马克思本人也认为"问题并不在于从思想上给过去和未来划下一条不可逾越的鸿沟，而在于实现过去的思想。"

Judging from its realizing ways, sinicization of Marxism dispends on Marxism's dialoguing with Chinese realities in the way of problem, with interpreter in the way of hermeneutics, and with Chinese traditional culture in the way of communication, and positive creation of Chinese Marxism conducted by the subject of sinicization of Marxism with rational and self-conscious awareness.

从实现路径上看，马克思主义中国化则离不开马克思主义与中国实际、中国文化等层面的&结合&，也离不开马克思主义与中国现实、中国解释者、中国传统文化依次进行的问题式、解释学与交往式&对话&，同时还离不开马克思主义中国化的主体以一种理性自觉的意识对中国形态的马克思主义所进行的积极&创建&。

The other is that, when criticizing capitalism defended by Nozick, Cohen deviates from or misreads some views on capitalism and socialism in traditional Marxism.

一是背离了传统马克思主义关于社会发展基本动力的观点，试图以道德革命来代替社会革命；二是误读了传统马克思主义关于自我所有原则的观点，没有看到传统马克思主义对自我所有原则是持反对态度的；三是误读了传统马克思主义在批判资本主义生产资料不平等分配时的观点，认为传统马克思主义主张将生产资料平均分配给社会成员。

It includes the thoughts of elaborating Marxism from the Left deviationand by the Left view; the pragmatic attitude towards Marxism;the over-simplifiedand vulgarized attitude towards Marxism;the rigid and dogmatic attitude towardsMarxism;the revisionist Marxism, etc.

即从&左&的立场、&左&的观点来释义马克思主义；以实用主义的态度对待马克思主义；以简单化、庸俗化的态度对待马克思主义；以僵化的教条主义的态度对待马克思主义；修正主义的马克思主义等等。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。