饱和

And in the heat and mass transfer process, the mass will be transferred from the water film to the air all the time, while the heat transfer direction is likely to be changed.

研究发现，随着饱和器内工作压力的增大，饱和器出口空气更容易达到饱和，但空气的绝对湿度降低了；并且在整个传热传质过程中，质量一直从水膜传向空气主体，而热量的传递方向则有可能发生改变。

Two kinds of oil were extracted from Styela clava and Ciona intestinalis Linnaeus by supercritical fluid CO2(SCF-CO2) and ethyl acetate. The results show that the two kinds of oil extracted from ascidian all contain high levels of plural unsaturated fatty acid, which are 89.84%(SCF-CO2) and 75.78% from Styela clava, 69.77%(SCF-CO2) and 61.11% from Ciona intestinalis Linnaeus respectively. The antioxidant activities of natural components extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza were investigated on the oil extracted from ascidian.

分别用乙酸乙酯和超临界CO2提取柄海鞘和玻璃海鞘中的油脂，得到了多不饱和脂肪酸含量很高的海鞘油脂，即柄海鞘含有89.84%（超临界CO2提取）和75.78%的多不饱和脂肪酸，玻璃海鞘含有69.77%（超临界CO2提取）和61.11%的多不饱和脂肪酸。

The scintillation CsI was also calibrated with protons of 15, 20, 23MeV. The average energy calibration is 1. 047MeV per channel. Energy calibration for heavy ions was completed with multiplication factor 1/12. 75. The energy calibration is around 1. 1MeV per channel for oxygen ion and iron ions when energy deposition is less than 50MeV in each detector.

对铁离子而言，铁离子的四个能量点在ΔE〓探测器中的能量均超过50MeV，能量信号放大电路此时已进入饱和状态，当铁束能量为120MeV时，离子进入到ΔE〓探测器中，此时在ΔE〓中能量沉积低于50MeV，没有达到电子学系统的饱和值，能量刻度每道为1.1MeV／道，这些与氧离子的标定结果是一致的，饱和只是对于低能重粒子会出现这种情况，对于中高能重离子这种现象就会消失。

By decomposing the problem system into an extended saturated soil system and a virtual pile system, through the strain compatibility condition between the extended saturated soil system and the virtual system at an arbitrary depth z along the pile, and combined the Laplace transform and its convolution, a Fredholm intergral equation of the second kind of the single pile in saturated layered transversely isotropic soils is established. The axial force and diaplacement of the pile are obtained by solving the Fredholm intergral equation.

将求解体系看作是饱和土体和虚拟桩的叠加，利用沿桩身任意一点z处饱和地基与虚拟桩的应变协调，并结合Laplace变换及其卷积性质，建立了饱和成层横观各向同性地基中竖向受荷单桩问题的第二类Fredhlom积分方程，对该积分方程进行求解可得桩的真实轴力、位移。

A forward power saturation protecting method for CDMA communication system and its power controller are disclosed. Said controller is composed of an emitting power control unit, a transceiver and a TPC instruction counter for base station, or a transceiver, a received signal quality determinator and a TPC instruction generator for mobile station. It can ensure that the limited power is distributed to the user whose communication quality is very poor and the communication channel quality can be quickly compensated.

本发明公开了一种码分多址通讯系统前向功率饱和保护方法及功率控制装置，其特点是，控制装置包括：基站发射功率控制单元，基站收发信机，TPC指令计数器；移动台部分有收发信机，接收信号质量检测器，TPC指令产生器；通过饱和判决过程和饱和保护过程，保证将有限的功率分配给通信质量真正恶化的用户，并可迅速补偿用户由于深衰落而导致的信道质量的严重恶化；同时，该方法能平衡功率在用户之间的均匀分配，对急需提升功率的用户做出及时的反应。

Results showed that the con- tent of phospholipids decreased from 23.3% to 11.2%,the content of free fatty acid increased from 1.6% to 11.5%,the content of glyceride had no significant change;SFA、MUFA and PUFA of glyceride and phos- pholipids had no significant change;in the free fatty acid,the content of PUFA significantly decreased,the content of MUFA were also decreased,but had no significant change,the content of SFA increased signifi- cantly.

结果表明：磷脂的含量从23.3%减少到11.2%，游离脂肪酸的含量从1.6%增加到11.5%，甘油酯的含量没有发生显著性变化；甘油酯和磷脂中的饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸都无显著性变化；游离脂肪酸中，PUFA的含量显著减少，MUFA的含量减少，但其变化不显著，SFA的含量显著增加。

The results showed that unsaturated polyester with a molecular weight of 5000 can be obtained by 8 hour react at 210℃,-0.098MPa with Antimony Glycolate as catalyzer.

结果表明，以乙二醇锑为催化剂，在210℃，-0.098MPa下反应8h即可制备分子量在5000左右的不饱和聚酯，通过调整分子量和不饱和聚酯分子链中刚性基团和柔性基团的比例，制备了具有较低的玻璃化转变温度(Tg=15.15℃)和优良综合力学性能的不饱和聚酯，可以用作乳液中的(来源：ABC0643论文网www.abclunwen.com)成膜组分。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

Systematic isopiestic determinations have been made at the temperature 298.15 K for the mixed nonelectrolyte aqueous solution saturated with an electrolyte and a nonelectrolyte {water (A1)+sodium chloride〓(A2)+glycine〓(A3)+sorbitol+ sucrose}, the mixed nonelectrolyte solution saturated with two electrolytes {water (A1)+sodium chloride〓(A2)+barium chloride〓(A3)+sorbitol +sucrose}, and the mixed electrolyte solution saturated with another electrolyte and a nonelectrolyte {water (A1)+barium chloride〓(A2)+mannitol〓(A3)+ sodium chloride +ammonium chloride}, taking sodium chloride or calcium as the reference standard.

以NaCl或CaCl〓为参考物，系统地测定了298.15K时一种电解质和一种非电解质饱和的混合非电解质溶液{H〓O(A1)+NaCl〓(A2)+甘氨酸〓(A3)+山梨醇+蔗糖}、两种电解质饱和的混合非电解质溶液{H〓O(A1)+NaCl〓(A2)+BaCl〓(A3)+山梨醇+蔗糖}以及一种电解质和一种非电解质饱和的混合电解质溶液{H〓O(A1)+BaCl〓(A2)+甘露醇〓(A3)+NaCl+NH〓Cl}的等压平衡。

Adopting the Biot's wave equation of transversely isotropic saturated soils and taking the influence of the frequencyon on the viscous coupling effect between the solid and liquid media into account, the reflection on the half-space surface of transversely isotropic saturated soil is studied. It challenges traditional view of only considering low frequency couple effect in saturated soils.

采用横观各向同性饱和土体的Biot波动方程，考虑频率对固液两相粘滞耦合作用的影响，深入研究了弹性波在横观各向同性饱和土体半空间的反射，克服了以往饱和土体仅考虑低频耦合作用的做法。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。