饮用水

The new trends and processes of drinking water treatment technologies developed glo-bally in recent years were described, and the key future technologies identified on the third IWA Leading-Edge Conference were introduced, such as advanced oxidation processes (TiO2/UV and H2O2/UV), membrane/UV disinfection, membrane separation, magnetic ion exchange and so on.

阐述了近年来全球饮用水处理技术发展的一些新动向、新工艺，着重介绍了国际水协第三届&前沿技术&国际会议确定的未来饮用水处理技术的研发与应用。已被确定的未来主导技术有高级氧化技术(TiO2/UV光催化氧化工艺与H2O2/UV处理工艺)、消毒技术、膜分离技术以及电磁离子交换技术等。

Based on the theory of transnormal ferrimanganic materials, the water quality treatment technique to this kind of drinking water are discussed with the example of unsafety status for drinking water in Liaoning rural area. The merits and demerits of traditional oxidation method and ion exchange method are compared and suitable method for the rural area is put forward.

根据地下水铁锰超标的机理，结合辽宁省农村饮水不安全现状及农村饮水工程现状，探讨铁锰超标饮用水的水处理技术，比较传统的氧化法除铁锰技术与离子交换法除铁锰技术的优缺点，通过实际应用，研究适宜于农村饮用水的水质处理技术。

To guarantee the security of drinking water, a SOS/umu test, which is based on alterations in the induction of SOS response as a consequence of DNA damage, has been established and widely used for detecting genotoxicity of drinking water.

为了控制饮用水的安全，根据DNA损伤诱导SOS反应而表达umuC基因这一基本原理建立的SOS/umu测试法，已经广泛应用于饮用水遗传毒性的检测。

The quality of central water supply in town is relatively good the qualified rate of central water supply in village and its school and kindergarten drinking water are still low as the free chlorine residuals in the water could not meet the standard which was the main reason of excessing microorganism of drinking water.

城镇集中式供水水质较好；农村供水站及其学校幼儿园饮用水合格率仍偏低，其中游离余氯达不到卫生要求，是饮用水微生物指标超标的主要原因。

Glass of water changes the ordinary drinking water to high pH alkaline drinking water.

一杯水，改变了普通饮用水高ph碱性饮用水。

The present research and application of oxidants, including chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, potassium permanganate, were analyzed and treatment processes such as ozone combining with BAC, ozone cooperating with hydrogen peroxide and ozone with plus radiation oxidation were discussed.

论述了当前饮用水处理过程中去除水中有机污染物的化学氧化技术应用，包括二氧化氯、过氧化氢、臭氧、臭氧-生物活性炭、臭氧-过氧化氢，臭氧-辐射氧化、高锰酸钾氧化法的研究与应用，分析了各种方法的优点与存在的问题，并对其应用于饮用水处理的发展提出了设想。

Methods Coverage rate of tap water and sanitary latrine was taken to stand for rural drinking water and sanitation level, 2006-2007. The possible influencing factors were divided into different ranks and Trend Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between the coverage rate of tap water, sanitary latrine and the influencing factors.

根据2006-2007年&中国农村饮用水与环境卫生现状调查&的数据选取集中式供水覆盖率和卫生厕所普及率代表农村饮用水和环境卫生的水平，采用卡方趋势性检验，将可能的影响因素（家庭年收入、户主文化程度和家庭住房面积）划分等级，分别计算不同等级的集中式供水覆盖率和卫生厕所普及率，分析趋势性变化。

The following is mainly dealing with the problems excisting in rural drinking water:tap water popularizing rate is high but low in really qualified drinking water; water supply costs so much but earns so little; it is hard to e,nter into the market and the percentage of private investment is low; water price is higher and higher year by year but service quality is still unsatisfactory; it is rich in water amount as a whole but poor in available water on the preson average; more administration and few law means;more state-owned corporations and few private-owned corporations; hygiene standard is out of date and there is few index parameter amount.It points out inputing fund is the key to solve the problem of rural drinking water.and the difficult point is how to manage the corporation.The

政府要加快立法，理顺行业监管职能归属，适当集中管制权，改革价格管制方式，推进产权和经营管理体制改革，尽快修订农村饮用水卫生标准，推广用水户参与式管理，加强水源保护和水污染治理，并提出了解决浙江省农村饮用水的总目标和阶段性的目标与任务。

Results:(1) The analysis results of drinking water conditon of community in Taiyuan city showed: from 2003 to 2005, every water quality index of underground water, surface water, mixing water and tap water was in line with (2001) of national Health Ministry, the rate of coincidence was 100%.

结果：(1)太原市居民生活饮用水状况分析结果表明： 2003-2005年，太原市地下水、地面水、混合水、城市自来水管网末梢水水质各项监测指标均符合国家卫生部《生活饮用水水质卫生规范》(2001)，合格率100%。

Tremendous efforts, both physical and human, have been invested in the recent years to achieve stable and sustainable water supply. The neWater programme which purifies used water for potable and non-potable re-use, provides a new water tap and opens a new chapter in water reuse.

实现稳定和可生态持续的供水，在最近几年中新加坡投入了巨大人力和物力在，即将使用过的水净化为饮用水和非饮用水的规划，这为新加坡提供了一个新的水源，并且打开了回用水的新篇章。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。