食管后的

Methods: From May 1985 to December 2002, 2240esophageal and stomach cardia cancer patients treated by intrathoracic esophagogastric "layer-to-layer"anastomosis with esophageal mucosa extended varied in plane were retrospectively analyzed.

回顾性总结1985年5月～2002年12月共进行胸腔内食管黏膜延长不同平面与胃、食管分层吻合术2240例，统计手术后和出院后随访资料发生吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄的情况。

Three types of reconstruction procedures, including Orr-type Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy, P-type jejunal pouch Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy and distal jejunal aboral pouch Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy, were performed.

全胃切除后消化道重建分别采用全胃切除术后消化道重建Orr式Roux-en-Y食管空肠吻合术、P型空肠袢食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术和远端空肠反口贮袋的Roux-en-Y食管空肠吻合术。

Methods Thirty-six patients with caustic esophageal stricture were treated with colon interposition,the colon were brought up to the neck by retrosternal route and the esophagus were performed exclusion,four patients with atresic hypopharynx were treated with two staged operations.

采用结肠代食管治疗36例食管腐蚀性瘢痕狭窄的患者，均经胸骨后径路上提结肠、腐蚀性食管狭窄段旷置，4例合并下咽闭锁的病人分两期手术。

The results of study show:1. White pulp and red pulp in parenchyma of spleen of embryo can be obviously discerned after 18 days. Periarterial lymphoid sheath and ellipsoid periarterial lymphoid sheath also can be obviously discerned in spleen of 4 days chicken. T, B lymphocytes in appendix basement of embryo emerge after 20 days. It is the initial shape of cecal tonsil. Crypt structure of conjunction of esophago and stomachus glandularis form obviously at 4 days. It is the initial shape of esophago tonsil. The germinal center firstly emerges in these three organs at 14 days. With the increase of day age, the characteristic structure peripheral immune organs gradually develop mature. Spleen achieve mature at 21 days and cecal tonsil at 35 days.2. IgM~+ and IgA~+ cells in spleen of embryo emerge at 15 days. IgG~+ cell, CD3~+ and CD8~+T lymphocytes of embryo emerge at 20 days. CD3~+, CD8~+ and IgM~+ cells in cecal tonsil of embryo emerge at 20 days. However CD4~+, IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells all emerge in 1 day age chicken out of crust. CD3~+, CD4~+, CD8~+, IgM~+ and IgG~+ cells in esophago tonsil of embryo all emerge at 20 days. However IgA~+ cells emerge in 1 day age chicken out of crust.3. The amount of T, B lymphocytes in peripheral immune organs increase follow with the increase of day age, and hold an upgrade tendency. The amount of T, B lymphocytes in spleen achieved stabilization at 21 days, and in tonsil of esophago and appendix at 35 days.

研究结果表明：1、在组织结构方面，脾脏实质内的白髓与红髓在胚胎18日龄后明显可辨，4日龄雏鸡脾脏中形成明显可辨的动脉周围淋巴鞘和椭球周围淋巴鞘；盲肠基部T、B淋巴细胞在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，即初步形成盲肠扁桃体；食管与腺胃结合处在4日龄时形成明显的隐窝结构，即食管扁桃体初步形成；14日龄时，三种器官中首次出现生发中心；随着日龄的增长，外周免疫器官特征结构不断发育成熟，脾脏在21日龄时达到成熟水平，盲肠扁桃体和食管扁桃体在35日龄时达到成熟水平。2、在T、B淋巴细胞出现时间方面，脾脏中IgM~+和IgA~+细胞在胚胎15日龄时开始出现，IgG~+细胞、CD3~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞在胚胎18日龄时出现，CD4~+细胞在胚胎20日龄时出现；盲肠扁桃体中CD3~+、CD8~+和IgM~+细胞在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，而CD4~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞均在雏鸡出壳后1日龄时出现；食管扁桃体中CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、IgM~+和IgG~+细胞均在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，而IgA~+细胞则在雏鸡出壳后1日龄时出现。3、在T、B淋巴细胞数量变化方面，外周免疫器官中T、B淋巴细胞的数量随日龄增长，整体均呈上升趋势。

Methods : From March 2007 ~ January 2009, on the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Fujian Provincial People's Hospital Medical digestion hospital outpatient , hospital and Digestive Endoscopy Center of Fujian Province with typical heartburn and reflux symptoms （ such as retrosternal pain , sour regurgitation or regurgitation ） in patients with gastroscopy Electronics , rule out the possibility that esophageal mucosal damage or performance , such as Barrett esophagus in patients with selected non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease patients , the study investigate with reflux disease questionnaire （ reflux diagnostic questionnaire , RDQ table ） to their symptom severity score , the application of internationally used self-rating anxiety scale （ Self-rating anxiety scale , SAS ）, self-rating depression Scale （ Self-rating depression scale , SDS ） for all selected patients with anxiety and / or psychological evaluation of depression and total score statistics , observation of non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux patients and the relevance of Psychological factors.

自2007年3月～2009年1月，对就诊于福建省第二人民医院和福建省立医院消化内科门诊、住院和福建省消化内镜中心具有典型的烧心感和反流症状（如胸骨后疼痛、反酸或反食）患者行电子胃镜检查，排除有食管黏膜损害或Barrett食管等表现的患者，筛选出非糜烂性胃食管反流病患者，行反流性疾病问卷（reflux diagnostic questionnaire，RDQ表）对其症状评分，应用国际通用的焦虑自评量表（Self-rating anxiety scale，SAS）、抑郁自评量表（Self-rating depression scale，SDS）对所有入选患者进行焦虑和/或抑郁状态心理测评，并统计总积分，观察非糜烂性胃食管反流病患者症状积分与心理因素的相关性。

Objective To discuss the methods and effects of the treatment under endoscope and the courses of massive hemorrhage of upper digestive tract after gastrectomy and esophagectomy.Methods Emergency endoscope ex-amination were carried out in20massive hemorrhage clients after gastrectomy and esophagectomy,after exposed and washed the bleeding part by cold0.9%NS,1∶10000adrenaline and hypertonic saline were injected in perifocal sub-mucosa.After stop bleeding and before move back the endoscope,spray some YunNanBaiYao and thrombase in the bleeding part to prevent secondary hemoorahge.

目的 探讨食管、胃切除术后上消化道出血的原因及内镜下治疗的方法、效果方法对食管、胃切除术后引起大出血的患者行急症内镜检查，用冰冻生理盐水100ml+去甲肾上腺素8mg反复冲洗，暴露出血部位后在病灶周围黏膜下注射1∶10000肾上腺素及高渗盐水，无出血后，退镜于出血部位喷洒云南白药及凝血酶，防止再次出血。

Methods insert the stomach tube nasal cavity, with the help of intubating ferceps, take the stomach tube out of mouth cavity from the posterior wall of dysphagia, insert trachea catheter (cid 7.0~7.5) to esophagus, under the help of trachea catheter, insert the stomach tube to esophagus then take the trachea catheter out of the esophagus and vertical, cutting off, in the course of into esophagus.

经鼻腔插入胃管，用插管钳将胃管从咽后壁前取出口腔外，用id 7.0～7.5的气管导管插入食管，在气管导管诱导下将胃管经气管导管插入食管，然后将胃管向食管内送进，同时将气管导管退出，将胃管置入相当合适的深度后，固定胃管。

Erri Schiavo's parents were appealing after a federal judge refuses to order reinserting the feeding tube of the brain-damaged Florida woman.

S 的父母遭联邦法官拒绝为这位脑死亡的佛罗里达妇女重新插入胃食管后上诉。

Following sacrifice, some vomicas containing yellow and white liquor puris on the chest wall of 4 pigs were observed, which were wrapped but did not communicate the thoracic cavity. One artificial esophagus was not in place but found in the stomach. One artificial esophagus was twisted and formed an esophagus diverticulum. The false passage around the prosthesis formed so long as the animals survived more than 1 week, which was called as neo-esophagus.

动物处死后，从原胸壁切口开始进胸，4只动物见胸壁存在小脓腔，腔内见黄白色脓液，已包裹，与胸腔不相通，1只动物人工食管脱落后滞留于胃内；1只动物因术中吻合时缝合的人工食管过多且边距不均匀，导致人工食管扭曲，形成食管内嵌。1周时间人工食管周围形成假道，即&新生食管&，包绕人工食管。②

Group one consisted of 300 patients whose esophageal stumps were treated by a purse stitch using a clamp. Group two included 180 patients whose esophageal stumps were oversewn by 6-8 interrupted stitches, or by a continuous stitch along the stump before the anvil was in place.

第一组300例，食管残端用荷包钳法作荷包处理；第二组180例，食管残端在荷包钳处理的基础上，再间断全层缝合食管壁并结扎缝线，或沿食管残端连续全层缝合一周，放入抵钉座后结扎缝线。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。