食管

Intercellular spaces dilatation is an early lesion in the acid-damaged human esophagus. Esophageal carcinoma is also accompanied by GERD. Tunnel esophagogastrostomy functions satisfactorily in prevention of reflux.

细胞间隙增大是人食管酸返流损伤的一种早期表现；食管癌患者同时存在GERD；&隧道式&食管胃吻合术具有良好的抗返流效果。

The treatment with abdominal cavity drainage,continuous gastrointestinal decompression,parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition,glutamine,somatostatin and recombinant human growth hormone are the important factors for healing of anastomotic leakage following esophagogastrostomy or esophagojejunostomy after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.

保证腹腔引流的通畅、持续胃肠减压，特别是肠外结合肠内营养支持、强化谷氨酰胺、生长抑素、生长激素等措施，是促进胃癌切除术后食管胃或食管空肠吻合口漏愈合的重要手段。

Methord 45 patients of the esophageal carcinomawho were, at random, elected had been undergone the ligation of thoracic duct( Low level: under the 8th thoracic vertebrae) during resection of esophageal carcinoma and esophagogastrostomy, while the other 92 patients of the esophageal carcinomahad only been operated the resection of esophageal carcinoma and esophagogastrostomy.

随机选取45例食管癌患者，在食管癌切除加胃-食管残端吻合时，一期行预防性低位胸导管结扎术(第8胸椎水平以下)；另92例作对照组，仅做食管癌切除加胃－食管残端吻合术。

Methods:Contrast research on inserting endoprosthese was performed under fluoroscopic,esophogoscope guidance or in operation.

食管狭窄 70例分别在X线透视下，食管镜下和手术中置入内支架。

Objective To assess the effect of fat on gastroesophageal reflux and relationship between body mass index and gastroesophageal reflux.

目的 评估饮食脂肪对胃食管酸反流的影响和体重指数与胃食管酸反流的关系。

It is also associated with gastroesophageal reflux, a risk factor for asthma.

此外，肥胖还与胃食管反流相关，而胃食管反流正是哮喘的危险因素之一。

Biotinylated lectins:UEA-Ⅰ, RCA-Ⅰ, DBA, PSA, PNA, BSL, LCA, WGA, ConA AND SBA were used as probes to identify lectin binding sites and to determine if lectin binding patterns change with age in the developing of human fetal esopha geal epithelium (8W, 14W, 20W, 28W and 32W).

采用十种生物素化凝集素UEA-I、DBA、PSA、B SL、PNA、LCA、RCA-I、SBA、ConA及WGA分别对8W、14W、20W 28W及32W的人胎儿食管上皮进行研究，以确定胎儿食管上皮在发育过程中凝集素的结合位点以及结合方式随年龄的变化。

However, tracheal stent implantation is different from esophageal stent implantation. As patients with airway obstruction are always complicated by dyspnea and hypoxemia, even respiratory failure, which increases risk and difficulty of stent implantation. During tracheal stent implantation, the bronchofibroscope or stent entering the stenosis site may lead to complete tracheal obstruction-induced asphyxia. Corrosion of metal wire of stent to airway mucosa and vessels may result in hemorrhea, leading to postoperative hemoptysis. Stent dislocation is mainly caused by inappropriate selection of stent, inappropriate implantation position or severe cough. Carcinoma tissue growing along stent lumens can induce re-obstruction in stent, resulting in atelectasis relapse.

气管及食管支架置入均属有创性治疗，但气管支架置入不同于食管支架置入，气管阻塞患者均有不同程度的呼吸困难和低氧血症，甚至发生呼吸衰竭，加大了支架置入的风险和难度；气管支架置入者，当纤支镜或支架进入狭窄部位时可造成气管的完全阻塞引起窒息；支架金属丝对气管黏膜血管的侵蚀可引起大出血，导致术后咯血；支架移位主要由支架选择不当、置入不到位或剧烈咳嗽引起；癌组织沿支架网眼长入造成支架内再阻塞可引起肺不张复发。

Barrett's metaplasia, gastroesophageal reflux, hiatal hernia, and obesity are thought to play a role in these cases.

Barrett食管化生，胃食管返流，食道裂空疝，和肥胖都被认为与此相关。

Three: hiatal hernia and reflux esophagitis.

腹痛之三：食管裂孔疝和返流性食管炎。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。