食品卫生

It first appeared in the 1960s, American Pillsbury Company for the U.S. space program to provide safety and health food, pioneered the use of the concept of HACCP in 1973, American FDA decided in lower Suanguan head used in food. In 1985, the American academy of sciences recommended by the administrative authority shall be HACCP, after years of research and development, November 1989 American agricultural food safety inspection bureau, Shui Chanju, and the food and drug administration things such agencies released "food production rule." HACCP 1990-1995, America will be applied in succession of HACCP poultry products, aquatic products etc., 1997 to December 18 America losing beauty products enterprises established compulsory requirements, otherwise the product of HACCP system can enter the American market.

它最早出现于20世纪60年代，美国Pillsbury公司为美国太空项目尽其努力提供安全卫生食品时，率先使用了HACCP的概念，美国FDA于1973年决定于低酸罐头食品中采用。1985年美国科学院推荐HACCP应被行政当局采用，经过数年的研究和发展，1989年11月，美国农业食品安全检查局、水产局、食品药品物管理局FDA等机构发布了"食品生产的HACCP法则"。1990—1995年，美国相继将HACCP应用于禽肉产品、水产品等诸多方面，1997年12月18日美国对输美水产品企业强制要求建立HACCP体系，否则其产品不能进入美国市场。

In the development of the FOG, OFDA has drawn on several sources for information, including: the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Handbook for Emergencies; the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination Field Handbook; the World Health Organization booklet New Emergency Health Kit; the United Nations Children's Fund handbook entitled Assisting in Emergencies; the U.S. State Department's Bureau for Population, Refugees, and Migration Assessment Manual for Refugee Emergencies; the U.S. Public Health Service Handbook of Environmental Health; reference materials from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the University of Wisconsin's Disaster Management Center, and InterWorks; USAID policies and directives; information from the Office of Food for Peace; and OFDA procedures, files, and staff expertise.

手册》的发展过程中，对外灾难援助办公室采用了几个信息来源，包括：联合国难民事务高级专员的应急手册；联合国人权事务协调处的联合国灾害评估和协调手册；世界卫生组织手册中的新急救工具包；联合国儿童基金手册中辅助急救的部分；美国人口、难民和劳工局难民紧急需求评估手册；关于环境卫生的美国公共卫生服务手册；来自如威斯康星州大学灾难管理中心和INTERWORKD 等灾难控制和预防中心；美国国际发展局国外灾难救援办公室的指导方针；食品与和品办公室的资料信息以及美国对外灾难援助办公室的程序、文件和专家意见。

In the development of the FOG, OFDA has drawn on several sources for information, including: the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Handbook for Emergencies; the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination Field Handbook; the World Health Organization booklet New Emergency Health Kit; the United Nations Children's Fund handbook entitled Assisting in Emergencies; the U.S. State Department's Bureau for Population, Refugees, and Migration Assessment Manual for Refugee Emergencies; the U.S. Public Health Service Handbook of Environmental Health; reference materials from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the University of Wisconsin's Disaster Management Center, and InterWorks; USAID policies and directives; information from the Office of Food for Peace; and OFDA procedures, files, and staff expertise.

手册》的发展过程中，对外灾难援助办公室采用了几个信息来源，包括：联合国难民事务高级专员的应急手册；联合国人权事务协调处的联合国灾害评估和协调手册；世界卫生组织手册中的新急救工具包；联合国儿童基金手册中辅助急救的部分；美国人口、难民和劳工局难民紧急需求评估手册；关于环境卫生的美国公共卫生服务手册；来自如威斯康星州大学灾难管理中心和INTERWORKD 等灾难控制和预防中心；美国国际开发署的指导方针；食品与和平办公室的资料信息以及美国对外灾难援助办公室的程序、文件和专家意见。

In the development of the FOG, OFDA has drawn on several sources for information, including: the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Handbook for Emergencies; the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination Field Handbook; the World Health Organization booklet New Emergency Health Kit; the United Nations Children's Fund handbook entitled Assisting in Emergencies; the U.S. State Department's Bureau for Population, Refugees, and Migration Assessment Manual for Refugee Emergencies; the U.S. Public Health Service Handbook of Environmental Health; reference materials from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the University of Wisconsin's Disaster Management Center, and InterWorks; USAID policies and directives; information from the Office of Food for Peace; and OFDA procedures, files, and staff expertise.

手册》的制定过程中，对外灾难援助办公室采用了几个信息来源，包括：联合国难民事务高级专员的应急手册；联合国人权事务协调处的联合国灾害评估和协调手册；世界卫生组织手册中的新急救工具包；联合国儿童基金手册中辅助急救的部分；美国人口、难民和劳工局难民紧急需求评估手册；关于环境卫生的美国公共卫生服务手册；来自如威斯康星州大学灾难管理中心和INTERWORKD 等灾难控制和预防中心；美国国际开发署的指导方针；食品与和平办公室的资料信息以及美国对外灾难援助办公室的程序、文件和专家意见。

In the development of the FOG, OFDA has drawn on several sources for information, including: the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Handbook for Emergencies; the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination Field Handbook; the World Health Organization booklet New Emergency Health Kit; the United Nations Children's Fund handbook entitled Assisting in Emergencies; the U.S. State Department's Bureau for Population, Refugees, and Migration Assessment Manual for Refugee Emergencies; the U.S. Public Health Service Handbook of Environmental Health; reference materials from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the University of Wisconsin's Disaster Management Center, and InterWorks; USAID policies and directives; information from the Office of Food for Peace; and OFDA procedures, files, and staff expertise.

手册》的制定过程中，对外灾难援助办公室采用了几个信息来源，包括：联合国难民事务高级专员的应急手册；联合国人权事务协调处的联合国灾害评估和协调手册；世界卫生组织手册中的新急救工具包；联合国儿童基金手册中辅助急救的部分；美国人口、难民和劳工局难民紧急需求评估手册；关于环境卫生的美国公共卫生服务手册；来自如威斯康星州大学灾难管理中心和InterWorks等灾难控制和预防中心；美国国际开发署的指导方针；食品与和平办公室的资料以及美国对外灾难援助办公室的工作程序、文件和专家意见。

Whoever, produces or markets food which is not up to the hygiene standards, thus causing a serious accident of food poisoning or resulting in a disease caused by food-borne bacteria, and seriously harming human health, or adulterates food he produces or markets with toxic or harmful non-food raw materials, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

生产经营不符合卫生标准的食品，造成严重食物中毒事故或者其他严重食源性疾患，对人体健康造成严重危害的，或者在生产经营的食品中掺入有毒、有害的食品及原料或者有毒、有害的非食品原料的，依法追究刑事责任。

Whoever, produces or markets food which is not up to the hygiene standards, thus causing a serious accident of food poisoning or resulting in a disease caused by food-borne bacteria, and seriously harming human health, or adulterates food he produces or markets with toxic or harmful non-food raw materials, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

生产经营不符合卫生标准的食品，造成严重食物中毒事故或者其他严重食源性疾患，对人体健康造成严重危害的，或者在生产经营的食品中掺渗入渗出有毒、有害的食品及原料或者有毒、有害的非食品原料的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 10 Where the analysis results of food safety risk monitoring show that there may be any hidden food safety risk, the health administrative department of the people's government of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government shall timely notify the people's governments at the districted city level and at the county level within its administrative region and the health administrative departments thereof about the relevant information.

第十条 食品安全风险监测分析结果表明可能存在食品安全隐患的，省、自治区、直辖市人民政府卫生行政部门应当及时将相关信息通报本行政区域设区的市级和县级人民政府及其卫生行政部门。

The core domains of VPH include the following: diagnosis, surveillan ce, epidemiology, control, prevention and elimination of zoonoses; food protection; management of health aspects of laboratory animal facilities and diagnostic laboratories; biomedical research; health education and extension; and production and control of biological products and medical devices.

兽医公共卫生的中心内容包括：人兽共患病的诊断，监视，流行病学，预防，控制和根除，食品保护，实验室动物设施和诊断实验室的卫生管理，生物医学研究，卫生教育与拓展，生物制品和医学设备的生产与控制。

Article 12 Containers, packagings, utensils and equipment used for food must conform to the hygiene standards and the hygiene control regulations.

第十二条食品容器、包装材料和食品用工具、设备必须符合卫生卫生标准和管理办法的规定。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷