风险资本

From the national conditions, a public-private partnership by domestic rail transportation system in the area and the problems facing the challenges of private capital involved in the analysis of the cause of the existence of rail transportation risks presented by the government to attract private capital in the enterprise and eliminate or reduce the risk of private responses;At the same time, from a rational allocation of risks and responsibilities of the position, fare adjustment mechanism discussed in the areas of land development and enhance the attractiveness of orbital transport to the impact of private capital.

从国情出发，提出了公私合作制在国内轨道交通领域面临的问题与挑战，分析了民间资本介入轨道交通事业所存在的风险，提出了政府为吸引民间资本介入而化解或降低民营企业风险的对策；同时，从合理分配风险、政府职责定位、票价调整机制以及土地开发等方面论述了增强轨道交通事业对民间资本吸引力的影响。

The New Capital Accord attaches more importance to banks' inside system of assessing risks than to the capital adequacy, and emphasizes the supplementary role of Supervisory Review of Capital Adequacy and Market Discipline.

与旧协议相比，新巴塞尔资本协议扩大了资本充足约束的范围，对银行面临的信用风险、市场风险和操作风险均提出了配置相应资本的要求，提出了一整套可供银行灵活选择的循序渐进的资本金计算方法。

Then, commercial banks distribute economic capital based on risk relevance and establish the most optimized capital disposition model under the dual-restraint of the risk and the profit. Meanwhile, capital distribution model is analyzed through examples.

再次，对商业银行的风险相关性分配经济资本，并建立了风险与收益双重约束下的最优资本配置模型，同时也举例分析了资本配置模型。

The concordat integrated the quality of capital with the risk of asset, so it has deeply influenced the capital management of commercial bank.

协议将资本要求与资产的风险程度挂钩，对商业银行的资本管理思想产生了深刻的影响。2004年6月公布的巴塞尔新资本协议是国际银行资本监管的最新规则，它一方面修改并发展了88年旧资本协议的内容，使之更适应国际金融市场的变化；另一方面全面风险管理理念和较高的资本计量技术，也给各国银行带来了巨大的挑战。

Diversification effect is the key to the economic capital allocation, the consistency of principle Meeting no undercut and the corresponding gradient method was introduced to the economic capital allocation; the residual risk based on the risk and cost also was introduced to the allocation of economic capital.

组合效应是经济资本配置的关键，满足无缩减性的一致性原则及相应的梯度法被引入到经济资本配置的研究中；基于风险和成本相统一的风险残余法也被引入到经济资本配置的研究。

What's more the relations between different asset are classified to three groups which are the fundamental-derivative relation、the cross sectional relation and the comprehensive relation, on basis of which the asset pricing anomalies are classified individually to different groups.(2)The price model of the capital asset is constructed trailing the path of the asset value's incrementing and transferring. And then a three–factor model is established which can be utilized by the empirical researches. Concretely, under the capital chain, we conclude the relation between the stocks and the corporate assets is a fundamental-derivative one and the research object is the capital asset under the capital chain.

具体而言，本文在资产链的角度下分析股票和公司资产之间的"基础—衍生"关系，明确了本文的研究对象为资产链下的资本资产；建立了公司资产的价值，将公司资产和其基础资产公司的财产联系了起来，构造了资产链上第一个节点——公司资产的价值；将公司资产和资本资产进行了关联，在考虑公司资产变为资本资产的流动性增值后，建立了资本资产的价格模型；在前文资本资产价格模型的基础上进行了收益分解，基于此引入了具有长中短不同决策周期的三类投资者，在存在无风险资产和不存在无风险资产两种情况下分别建立了可用于实证的三因素模型。

In author's opinion, in theory and practice, the risk management through capital allocation for commercial banks both at home and abroad at present does not clearly define risk prevention functions of reserve for bad loans, capital adequacy ratio and deposit insurance system and does not use clear and quantitative theory model to guide the recognition of reserve for bad debts, capital adequacy and deposit premium ratio, especially without reasonable basis and model to support the management of 8% capital adequacy ratio for commercial banks by analysis of current condition of risk management for commercial banks both at home and abroad.

上述分析表明，目前国内外商业银行在资本配置风险管理中没有清晰地界定呆帐准备金、资本充足率和存款保险制度的风险防范功能，没有用清晰的、定量的理论模型来指导呆帐准备金、资本充足率、存款保险费率的确定，特别是商业银行8％的资本充足率管理没有理论依据和模型支持。

If you or your organization has capital that can be invested freely, and would like it appreciate in hi-tech field, or achieve your hi-tech business, or diversify your venture, and at the same time you and your team have the correct perspective of capital appreciation, healthy investment mind and the spirit of cooperation, are willing to accept unexpected investment risk or business risk that may be not prevented by sound risk management and control system due to uncertainty of future, BOHO INTERNATIONAL is happy and ready to work closely with you, help you invest successfully.

如果您与您的机构拥有自由投资资本，愿意在高新技术领域实现资本增值，或有意在高新技术领域有所作为，壮大您的事业，同时您拥有正确的资本增值观念、良好的投资心态、合作与全域意识，愿意承担一定的经过合理防范和控制后但由於未来不确定性还有可能存在的某种程度的投资风险或经营风险，宝号国际乐意与您通力合作，为您的资本增值尽我们最大的努力。

In recent years it has caused international finical institutions serious losses and attracted great attention in the banking world.

作为防范操作风险的阶段性努力成果，《巴塞尔新资本协议》在界定&操作风险&的基础上，首次将操作风险纳入资本监管范围，直接推动了操作风险监管实践。

A effective financial system is beneficial to risk trading, avoiding, disassembling, and is easy for market individual to get the information about investment and allocating which accelerate social capital mobilization, accumulating and converting to long-term industrial capital from scattered small capital. The valid price system of financial instrument inflecting real economy accurately promote finance capital's flowing and allocating among social sector and region.

有效的金融体系有利于风险交易、风险规辟、风险分解和各交易主体的风险分担，同时市场化的融资机制有助于获得更多有关投资和资源配置的信息，这都大大加快了在经济发展中对社会资本的动员、积累以及有效转化，使分散零星的小额资本转化为大规模的长期产业资本，同时，证券化金融产品具有的灵敏、有效的价格信息，反映了实体经济真实情况，进而引导金融资本在各产业、部门间实现有序流动、合理配置。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。