风险

Using this method, the global risk level of the virtual enterprise is minimized by combinatorial optimization of risk solutions with the constraint straint of risk investment.

该方法能够实现在一定风险费用投入的情况下，通过优化组合风险处理措施，达到虚拟企业整体风险水平最低的目标，是虚拟企业风险规划的科学管理方法。

The results show that concentration of ownership has a significant impact on risk-taking. The higher the largest shareholder's shareholding percentage, the higher the risk-taking is; the higher the top five shareholders' shareholding percentage, the lower the risk-taking is. The percentage of untradeable shares, the size of the board of directors, the proportion of independent directors and the average remuneration of top 3 senior executives with the highest remuneration are negatively correlated to the risk-taking. However, the situation that the chairman or vice chairman concurrently holds the post of president or CEO increases the bank's risk exposures to a certain extent. Proportion of state-owned shares, the nature of the largest shareholder and the executives' shareholding have no significant impact on risk-taking.

结果表明，股权集中度对风险承担产生了显著的影响，其中第一大股东持股比例越高风险承担越高，而前五大股东持股比例越高风险承担越低；非上市流通股比例、董事会规模、独立董事比例以及薪酬最高的前三名高管的平均薪酬均与银行风险承担负相关；银行董事长同时兼任行长在一定程度上倾向于增加银行的风险承担；国有股比例、第一大股东性质和高管持股状况没有对风险承担产生显著影响。

Because the commercial bank is a high risk corporate that accepts, digests and distributes risks, not only should it pay attention to making profit, but also to managing risks in its process of operation and management.

商业银行是一个接受风险、消化风险和分配风险的高风险企业，因而在经营管理过程中，不仅要注意盈利的创造，更要注意对风险的管理。

The results show that: 1. In the selected four funds, the theoretical risk of three funds is less than that of the actual portfolio fund, and only one fund's risk is higher than that of the actual portfolio fund; 2. It's hard to determine which combination is better between the single exponential model and Markowits'model;.3. Allowing short-selling is better than disallowing short-selling and the optimal solution can not be found under the condition of disallowing short-selling.

结果发现：(1)4只基金中有3只基金的理论模型的风险小于基金实际组合的风险，1只基金的理论模型的风险大于基金实际组合的风险；(2)单指数模型组合与Markowitz模型组合熟优熟劣难以定论；(3)允许卖空组合优于非允许卖空组合，且非允许卖空使得理论模型有时找不到最优解。

Article 20 A financial institution shall properly and reasonably decrease the credit risks by adopting guaranties and other measures to decrease the credit risks, select appropriate methods and models to assess the credit risks and take corresponding risk control measures.

第二十条金融机构应适当合理地运用担保等各种信用风险缓解措施来减少交易对手的信用风险，选择适当的方法和模型对信用风险进行评估，并采取相应的风险控制措施。

A effective financial system is beneficial to risk trading, avoiding, disassembling, and is easy for market individual to get the information about investment and allocating which accelerate social capital mobilization, accumulating and converting to long-term industrial capital from scattered small capital. The valid price system of financial instrument inflecting real economy accurately promote finance capital's flowing and allocating among social sector and region.

有效的金融体系有利于风险交易、风险规辟、风险分解和各交易主体的风险分担，同时市场化的融资机制有助于获得更多有关投资和资源配置的信息，这都大大加快了在经济发展中对社会资本的动员、积累以及有效转化，使分散零星的小额资本转化为大规模的长期产业资本，同时，证券化金融产品具有的灵敏、有效的价格信息，反映了实体经济真实情况，进而引导金融资本在各产业、部门间实现有序流动、合理配置。

Because the risk of bamk industry exited due the short and bed debts of the capital, the supplement system of the capital needs to be built by market, includinig the inpouring of government, treatment of bed debts, issuance of secondary bonds,〓fering of negotiable securities, in order to open up the ways of capital supplement to the state-owned comttmercial bank.

资本金严重匮乏和巨额不良资产是我国银行业风险高度聚积的集中表现，无论从国家的注资、不良资产处置、还是银行发行次级债券以及资产证券化等的尝试，特别是次级债和资产证券化以及未来银行上市的证券发行等，拓展了国有商业银行资本金补充渠道，通过市场化行为建立了资本金补充机制；不良资产的体内和体外的处置机制创新极大地化解了银行风险，对已形成的不良资产处置积累了经验，也完善了风险管理和风险防范机制。

This text analyzes and proofs the risk in three parts: the condition of combine, the risk of merge-the intergraded analysis, and the way to avoid the risk. At last, it puts forward the way to solute the combine risk.

本文分并购现状、并购风险——整合的分析、规避整合风险的方法和途径三大部分对并购整合风险进行分析和论证，最后提出了规避并购整合风险的解决办法。

The commercial bank credit risk and accountant guard against the countermeasure to include: Strengthens supervises to bank letter goods property accountant, urges the letter goods property security transport business, the establishment special subject, strengthens to the bank asset risk condition reflection; From an accounting point of the building to guard against financial risks control security systems, strictly implement the accounting system, to prevent the direct generation in the accounting department of risk.

商业银行信贷风险及其会计防范对策包括：加强对银行信货资产的会计监督，促使信货资产安全营运，设置专门科目，加强对银行资产风险状况的反映；从会计角度构建防范金融风险的控制保障系统，严格执行会计制度，防范直接生成于会计部门的风险。

Researchers grouped the participants into three categories: 1 abstainers, people who said they did not imbibe alcohol; 2 low-risk drinkers, people who drink at levels lower than those thought to increase the risk for relapse; and 3 asymptomatic risk drinkers, people who do not have any symptoms of alcohol abuse or alcohol dependence, but who drink more than the recommended guidelines for low-risk drinking.

研究者归类参与者分为三类： 1 ）戒除的人，说他们没有吸收酒精； 2 ）低风险饮酒的人，酒后水平低于那些思想，以增加风险为复发； 3 ）无症状风险饮酒者人，也没有任何的症状，酒精滥用或酒精依赖，但谁能喝酒超过建议标准为低风险的饮用水。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。