颧肌

The techniques of the midface rejuvenation develop with the understanding of the aging appearance and the development of the facial anatomy. The earliest form of rhytidectomy only removed a piece of redundant skin, but failed to achieve significant long-term benefit. To achieve a more durable benefit, numerous adaptations of face-lift techniques are devised, including SMAS face-lift, malar fat elevation and extended supraplastysmal plane face lift. The subperiosteal approach was firstly performed in 1980s. Youthful curve was detailed by Little William in 2000. To obtain the architectural ogee, the approach of volumetric sculpture, also named three-dimensional rejuvenation, was described.

随着整形美容外科医生对面部衰老变化的认识和面部解剖学的发展，中面部年轻化手术也随之发生着演变：最初的面部除皱术只是单纯去除松弛的皮肤，但术后远期效果不理想；为获得更加持久的效果，到20世纪70年代开始了一系列面部提升术，包括：各种SMAS提升术、颧脂肪垫提升术，扩大的颈阔肌上面部提升术；到20世纪80年代后期，学者提出为获得和谐的面部容貌应进行骨膜下面部除皱术；而到21世纪初Little William提出了"青春曲线"的概念，并实施了容量雕刻技术，即三维中面部年轻化手术。

Zygomatic arch very pronounced, with well developed temporal and mastoid muscles, but without being pronounced.

颧弓非常明显，发达的时间和乳突肌，但没有明显。

But higher structures, such as hypothalamus structures, mesencephalon and p2 segment of posterior cerebral artery in two heads, and high basilar bifurcation and p1 segment of pca in one of them were difficult to be exposed because of obstruction of view by temporal muscle.

结果 在保留颧弓颞下入路中均可显露床突周围位置较低的结构，但2例标本因颞肌遮挡，显露下丘脑、中脑、大脑后动脉p2段等位置较高的结构困难，其中1例高位基底动脉分叉部及大脑后动脉p1段显露困难。

The blood supply of infraorbtal orbicularis oculi muscle mainly come from the angular artery,the infraorbital artery and the zygomaticoorbital artery,whose external diameter is 0.2～0.8 mm.

眼轮匝肌眶下部血供主要来源于内眦动脉、眶下动脉及颧眶动脉等分支，其外径在0.2～0.8 mm之间。

Other features that may occur include seizures, psychiatric problems, extrapyramidal signs such as dystonia, hypopigmentation, pancreatitis, malar flush, and livedo reticularis.

其它可能发生的症状包括癫痫、精神问题、如肌张力障碍等锥体束外症状、色素沉着不足、胰腺炎、颧颊潮红和网状青斑。

Results on the ae line, the facial nerve went across the anterior portion inside the hairline (39.3 mm anterior to the otobasion superius).

在14例（28侧） 10%甲醛溶液固定的成人尸头上解剖面神经额支，测量面神经额支、发际在耳上基点-外眦线、额颧点-翼点线上的位置，测量鬓角、面神经额支入额肌最高点到fp的垂直距离。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。