额叶

RESULTS:① No obvious sight defect was detected with the quantitative detection of automatic sight apparatus.② ECT cerebrospinal fluid imaging thought that proximal frontal sinus of right cerebral frontal lobe was the leakage, and the liquid glucose in nasal cavity was quantitatively confirmed to be cerebrospinal fluid.③ Cranial CT showed that cleft could be observed in bilateral frontal lobe and lateral ventricle, low-density gas shadow could be observed in cisterna ambiens, cortex of frontal bone was discontinuous, and bone matrix was trapped.④ ECG showed that right forehead and temple had irregular slow wave, and attack of θ wave. Brain topographic mapping showed that the δ power value of right forehead was increased.⑤ EPQ: The scores of extraversion-introversion, neuroticism, psychoticism and lie were 55, 55, 80 and 50 respectively;⑥ MMPI: The code showed a mode of 69/96, indicating that the brain organ tended to paranoid schizophrenia.

结果：①自动视野仪定量检测未发现明确视野缺损；②ECT脑脊液显像考虑右侧大脑额叶近额窦部为漏口；鼻腔液体糖定量证实是脑脊液；③头颅CT额叶及侧脑室双侧裂，环池见低密度气体影，额骨骨皮质不连续，骨质下陷；④脑电图右额、颞不规则慢波，有θ波发作；脑电地形图：右额δ功率值增高；⑤艾森克人格问卷：内外向分55、神经质分55，精神质分80，掩饰分50；⑥明尼苏达多相人格调查表：编码显示69/96模式，提示脑器质性偏执型精神分裂症；⑦症状自评量表：总分147、阳性项目分37，躯体化、强迫状态、人际关系敏感、焦虑、敌对和其他6项目平均分超过常模。

Including: frontal lobe (left medial frontal, bilateral frontal gyri and inferior frontal lobe), bilateral parietal lobe, right orbitofrontal lobe, limbic lobe (left anterior and posterior cingulate), left midbrain, left temporal lobe, right insular, right amygdala, left parahippocampus, left thalamus and left cerebellum.

包括：额叶（左侧额叶内侧面、双侧额中回、双侧额下回），双侧顶叶，右侧眶额皮质，边缘叶（左侧扣带回前部、左侧扣带回后部），左侧中脑，左侧颞叶、右侧岛叶、右侧杏仁核、左侧海马旁回、左侧丘脑、左侧小脑。2。

The patient showed atrophy in frontal and temporal lobe on regular MRI, significantly reduced amount of Nacetyl aspartic acid、cholineand creatinecompared with contralateral on MRS , remarkably decreased blood flow in the left temporal polar and front part of fontal lobe compared with contralateral on PWI. There were decreased association fibers between Broca and other regions meanwhile no association fibers were found between triangular area and wernicke region on DTI. The fibers projecting to opercular part of frontal lobe via archiform fibers were lessened. The mean FA and fibers of Broca and Wernick regions were less than that of the healthy subjects.

常规MRI显示左侧额叶及颞叶萎缩；磁共振波谱分析显示左侧颞叶和额叶N乙酰天门冬氨酸、胆碱、肌酸含量较对侧明显减低；磁共振灌注成像显示左侧颞极及额前部的血流量较对侧减低；弥散张量成像显示左Broca区与其他脑区间纤维联系减少，三角区与Wernicke区无纤维联络，左侧Wernicke区通过弓状纤维到达额叶岛盖部的纤维减少，Broca及Wernicke区平均FA及纤维束较正常人减少。

The main cortical activation areas lies in : obitofrontal gyrus, medial superior frontal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, the opercular section of frontal lobe and parietal lobe, anterior and middle cingulated cortex, insula cortex, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, precuneus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, occipital lobe.

本组实验药物作用于受体分布的相关激活脑区主要位于：⑴皮层区：额叶(眶额回、额内上回、额上回)、颞叶、顶叶、边缘系统(扣带前回、扣带中回、海马、海马旁回)等。

We didn\'t find activated points in cerebellum and deeper brain.3.Acupuncture of sham point can significantly activated BA2,6,8,13,21,37,40,44,45,47,putamen and other areas.Both the left and right side of the brain have activated points,but points on the right side are more than those on the left.Both sides of middle temporal gyms,parietal lobule,supramarginal gyms and the lentiform nucleus have obvious activated points.The activated points mainly concentrated in the cerebral cortex,the deep-activated are mainly in the putamen.4. Sham needling in sham point can significantly activate BA6, 8,9,10,18,21,37,40,43,44.The activated points are mainly distributed in the right side of the brain.The left side also has some activated points;5.In the comparasion of Acupunture and sham-needling in S J5,we find that BA8 and cerebellum have distinct regional activated points;6.In the comparasion of acupuncture in SJ5 and sham point,we find BA2 and left cerebellar regions have activated points;7.Sham needling in S J5 compared with sham point,we find BA7,8,9,18 and other areas have activated points,the main activated points are at the left brain.It is not difficult to find that the distribution of activated points are mainly in the middle brain,no obvious activated points at the temporal lobe.

结果：通过对数据的处理和分析，我们初步发现：1、外关穴真针刺能显著激活Brodmann area45、37、44、40、22、13、37、47区、海马、杏仁核、黑质等区域，小脑左侧更明显，左侧颞叶皮层激活点多于右侧，且脑部左侧深层激活点多于右侧；2、外关穴假针刺能显著激活BA46、44、41、13、40、37、19区等区域，激活点主要集中表现在大脑皮层，以颞叶为主，小脑及深部未发现明显激活点；3、非穴真针刺组结果分析初步表明，BA2、6、8、13、21、37、40、44、45、47区以及壳核等区域有激活点，大脑左、右侧均有激活点，但右侧更多，双侧颞中回、顶叶下小叶、缘上回及豆状核有明显激活点，激活点主要集中在大脑皮层，深部激活点主要在壳核；4、非穴假针刺能显著激活BA6、8、9、10、18、21、37、40、43、44区等区域有激活点，主要分布在大脑的右侧，左侧也有不少激活点，就其具体分布主要在颞叶和额叶，少部分分布在顶叶和枕叶；5、外关穴真针刺与假针刺对比发现，BA8区和小脑等区域有明显的激活点；6、外关穴真针刺与非穴真针刺对比发现BA2区、左侧小脑等区域有激活点；7、外关穴假针刺与非穴假针刺对比发现，BA7、8、9、18等区有激活点，主要反应点在左侧大脑的枕叶中回、楔叶，顶叶楔前叶及额上回、中回，就其分布不难看出主要在大脑中部，颞叶未见明显激活点。

Right postcentral gyrus of frontal lobe(BA2,BA1),left inferior frontal gyrus(BA47),postcentral gyrus(BA43),right inferior parietal lobule(BA40),left superior temporal gyrus(BA22) and right insular(BA13) were evoked by twisting Shenmen point;Left inferior parietal lobule(BA40),right inferior frontal gyrus(BA45,BA46),left medial temporal gyrus and medial temporal gyrus(BA37) and left superior frontal gyrus(BA10) were evoked by twisting Yanglao point.

神门穴主要激活了右侧额叶的中央后回BA2、BA1，左侧额下回BA47和中央后回BA43，其次为右侧顶叶的顶下小叶BA40，左侧颞叶的颞上回BA22，右侧脑岛BA40；养老穴主要激活了左顶叶的顶下小叶BA40，右侧额叶的额下回BA45、BA46，其次为左侧颞中回、颞下回BA37，左额上回BA10。

RESULTS: Compared with patients in the non-AD group, those in the AD group showed decreased cerebral glucose metabolism mainly in the temporal and frontal lobes and the limbic system in the right cerebral hemisphere and the inferior frontal gyrus and precentral gyrus in the left cerebral hemisphere, and increased cerebral glucose metabolism mainly in the temporal and occipital lobes in the right cerebral hemisphere and the parietal and occipital lobes and limbic system in the left cerebral hemisphere.

结果： 抑郁焦虑组与非抑郁焦虑组比较，脑葡萄糖代谢下降的脑区集中于右侧大脑半球，主要位于颞叶、额叶及边缘系统，左侧大脑半球较少，主要位于额下回和中央前回；脑葡萄糖代谢升高的脑区集中于右侧大脑半球的颞叶、枕叶和左侧大脑半球的顶叶，枕叶及边缘系统。

On the contrary, more significant activations by English familiar voices were observed in the left precuneus, middle frontal gyrus and left posterior cingulate cortex as compared with Chinese familiar voices; For Chinese unfamiliar voices, more significant activations were observed in the right middle temporal gyrus and right medial frontal gyrus than for English unfamiliar voices.

结果： 汉语熟悉声音较英语熟悉声音显著激活脑区位于右颞上回；英语熟悉声音较汉语熟悉声音显著激活脑区位于左楔前叶、额中回和左后扣带回；汉语不熟悉声音较英语不熟悉声音显著激活脑区位于右颞中回和右额叶；英语不熟悉声音较汉语不熟悉声音位于右额下回、额中回和左颞中回。

ResultsIdiopathic nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy has distinctive clinical seizure characteristics. The onset age is younger than 20 and the ratio of male cases to female cases is 2 to 1. The most notable clinical characteristics are nocturnal clustered postural or dystonic seizures and complex motor activities, with 14% of the patients have epileptic family history. The interictal routine EEG of 22.9% and active EEG of 28% cases in wakeness and 38% cases in sleep showed frontal lobe epileptiform discharge while the ictal EEG of 66.7% cases showed frontal lobe epileptiform discharge. Drug therapy is effective in 80% cases with 30% completely controlled.

结果 特发性夜间额叶癫痫具有特征性的临床发作特点，大多数于20岁之前起病，男女比例2：1，以夜间成串的偏转性、姿势性强直及过度运动发作为最显著的临床特征。14％有阳性癫痫家族史。22.9％清醒发作间期常规脑电图及28％清醒发作间期动态脑电图可见额叶癫痫样放电，38％患者的睡眠发作间期动态脑电图可见额叶癫痫样放电，66.7％患者的发作期脑电图可见额叶癫痫样放电。80％药物治疗有效，30％可完全控制。

Positive correlation between verbal fluency and FA in both anterior limbs of internal capsule, left external capsule and the white matter of left occipital lobe were demonstrated by bivariate correlations.

结论DTI显示额叶癫疴患者右侧额叶MD值明显增高、右侧外囊、尾状核和双侧丘脑的FA值明显减低，提示额叶癫痫患者在上述区域可能存在细微病理改变，执行功能可能超出前额叶的范围。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。