颌骨前的

Because this produces peculiar tooth jaw face to misshape, constant expression is mid development undesirable reach cave, length of direction of around of bone of the upper jaw and perpendicular direction height shorten, tooth bend is narrow, the tooth lists jam, occlusive relation is disorder, anterior teeth or complete tooth bend are enclothed instead, before mandible true sex or false sex dash forward. 2 use DO method at the back of art of Jiao Zhi cleft palate in the portion caves at the back of art of abnormal cleft palate in the portion caves abnormal treatment method is very much, if Kettle reports block is mental,raise fight a way, the face guard method that Tind Lund uses, wang Ketao [1] uses Peng body to get together 4 fluorine ethylene fills up repair misshapes this kind etc.

因此产生特有的牙颌面畸形，常表现为面中部发育不良及凹陷，上颌骨前后方向长度及垂直方向高度变短，牙弓狭窄，牙列拥挤，咬合关系紊乱，前牙或全牙弓反覆盖，下颌真性或假性前突。2利用DO术矫治腭裂术后面中份凹陷畸形腭裂术后面中份凹陷畸形治疗方法很多，如Kettle报道枕颏支抗法，Tind lund采用的面罩法，王克涛[1]采用膨体聚四氟乙烯充填修复此类畸形等。

Preoperatively and postoperatively computed tomographic scanning was performed in every patient. For the CAD treatment group, firstly, the 3D graph of the patient's skull was built based on the CT data using the reconstructing function of Mimics 8.11. Then the 3D file was imported to Geomagic 4.0. The injury lateral was resected and replaced by the mirror of the intact side, so an intact skull was generated at last. Consequently, a model was manufactured in a technical machine. The last step was to prebend the titanium mesh on the model.

CAD/CAM治疗组是利用术前诊断CT，将DICOM格式CT数据输入图像处理软件Mimics8.11，由软件生成颅颌面骨STL格式的三维图像文件，应用另一个图像处理软件Geomagic4.0读取该文件，并应用镜像工具以中线为轴线生成健侧半的镜像，最终得到双侧对称的颅颌面模型，将该图像信息输入快速成型系统，通过逐层树脂堆积，生成树脂头模。

Objective To study the changes in maxilla,mandible and SN after orthodontic treatment with four premolars extracted in bimaxillary protrusion in adolescents and provide clinical useful data for predicting curative effect after orthodontic treatment.

目的：研究青少年双颌前突患者拔牙矫治前后上颌骨、下颌骨及前颅底的变化，为临床预测矫治后疗效提供临床依据。

Methods This study selects 17 bimaxillary protrusion's adolescents and contrast 8 hard-tissue controls before and after orthodontic treatment with Paired t Test to evaluate the changes in maxilla, mandible and SN.

对17名青少年双颌前突患者拔牙矫治前后的8项硬组织指标进行对比，通过配对t检验来评价治疗后患者上颌骨、下颌骨及前颅底的生长变化。

Methods This study selects 17 bimaxillary protrusions adolescents and contrast 8 hard-tissue controls before and after orthodontic treatment with Paired t Test to evaluate the changes in maxilla, mandible and SN.

对17名青少年双颌前突患者拔牙矫治前后的8项硬组织指标进行对比，通过配对t检验来评价治疗后患者上颌骨、下颌骨及前颅底的生长变化。

There are no changes in development directions of maxilla,mandible and SN before and after orthodontic treatment for bimaxillary protrusion抯 adolescents with four premolars extracted,but there are different in development rate,the development of mandible is the fastest, maxilla is slower, SN is the slowest.

可以认为青少年双颌前突患者拔牙矫治前后上颌骨、下颌骨及前颅底的生长方向在治疗前后无变化，但三者的生长速度不同，下颌骨生长最快，上颌骨较慢，前颅底的生长速度最慢。

Objective To study the changes in maxilla,mandible and SN after orthodontic treatment with four pre－molars extracted in bimaxillary protrusion in adolescents and provide clinical useful data for predicting curative ef－fect after orthodontic treatment.

目的：研究青少年双颌前突患者拔牙矫治前后上颌骨、下颌骨及前颅底的变化，为临床预测矫治后疗效提供临床依据。

There are no changes in development directions of maxilla,mandible and SN before and after orthodontic treatment for bimaxillary protrusion抯 adolescents with four premo－lars extracted,but there are different in development rate,the development of mandible is the fastest, maxilla is slower, SN is the slowest.

可以认为青少年双颌前突患者拔牙矫治前后上颌骨、下颌骨及前颅底的生长方向在治疗前后无变化，但三者的生长速度不同，下颌骨生长最快，上颌骨较慢，前颅底的生长速度最慢。

In this research, the pubertal five-week-old SD rats were chose as experimental object to establish the animal model for simulating maxillary protraction, on which was imposed the orthopedic force of 85g with utilizing the self-devised maxillary protraction appliance. Located lateral X-ray cephalograms were taken to measure and analyze the changes of maxillary development after exerting the orthopedic force for 4 weeks. The technique of immunohistochemistry was used to investigate theexpression of TGF-, in frontomaxillary sutures and palatomaxillary sutures with identical force performing for different extent of time. The average hue was selected as indicator, which was measured by the means of the analysis system of pathological color images. The measuring data were analyzed by the one-way ANOVA in software SPSS 11.0 version.

本研究采用自行设计的上颌前牵引装置，以生长发育期5周龄SD大鼠为实验对象，施加85g的矫形力，建立了模拟上颌前牵引的动物模型，通过X线头影测量分析，观察施力4周后上颌骨的生长发育情况；应用免疫组织化学技术，检测同一力值作用不同时段下TGF-β_1在上颌骨的额颌缝、腭颌缝的表达，彩色病理图象分析系统测定每张切片中阳性染色细胞的平均灰度值，结果采用SPSS 11.0进行方差分析。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。